Polyatomic Ions and Related Oxyacids

1. Polyatomic Ions and Related Oxyacids

2. Polyatomic Ion • Definition: A polyatomic ion is a group of atoms that stay together and have an overall ionic charge • Example: NO3-

3. ClO3- chlorate ion BrO3 – bromate ion IlO3- iodate ion NO3- nitrate ion SO4-2 sulphate ion CO3-2 carbonate ion PO4-3 phosphate ion All “standard” polyatomic ions end in “ate” The “Standard” Polyatomic Ions

4. Altering the number of oxygens. • If there is one more O than the standard the ion becomes … per ________ ate Example: ClO4- perchlorate Note: the charge does not change

5. 2. If there is one less O than the standard the ion becomes … ________ ite Example: ClO2- chlorite Note: the charge does not change

6. 3. If there are two less O than the standard the ion becomes … hypo ________ ite Example: ClO- hypochlorite Note: the charge does not change

7. Oxyacids (__ic acids) • HClO3 chloricacid • HBrO3 bromicacid • HIO3 iodicacid • HNO3 nitricacid • H2SO4 sulphuricacid • H2CO3 carbonicacid • H3PO4 phosphoricacid All “standard” oxyacids take the format : ______ ic acid

8. Changing the number of oxygens in the acid • If there is one more O than the standard, the acid becomes … per ________ ic acid Example: HClO4 perchloric acid

9. 2. If there is one less O than the standard, the acid becomes … ________ ous acid Example: HClO2 chlorous acid

10. 3. If there are two less O than the standard, the acid becomes … hypo ________ ous acid Example: HClO hypochlorous acid