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Mobility Management Requirements for NGN

Explore the characteristics, technical issues, and framework requirements for next-generation network mobility management, ensuring smooth handoffs, reduced delays, and enhanced user experience. Developed for rural environments, the best practices focus on optimizing various mobility functions and providing seamless global roaming.

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Mobility Management Requirements for NGN

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  1. Mobility Management Requirements for NGN Ashutosh Dutta NIKSUN Princeton New Jersey, 08540 Prepared for GISFI #5 IOT - Hyderabad Contact: adutta@niksun.com IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5, June 20 – 22, Hyderabad, India

  2. What are Characteristics of Next Generation Networks? • Heterogeneous networks, many access networks • Access-independent converged IP network • Order-of-magnitude increases in bandwidth • MIMO, smart antennas • Increase in video and other high bandwidth traffic • New terminals • New services and service enabling platforms • Large range of cell sizes, coverage areas • PAN, LAN, WAN • Pico-cellular, micro-cellular, cellular • Changes in traffic and traffic patterns • Rise in video on demand? Requires good high-bandwidth multicast IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5

  3. Mobile Wireless Internet: A Scenario Domain1 Internet Domain2 PSTN gateway WAN 802.11a/b/g WAN UMTS/ CDMA IPv6 Network Bluetooth 802.11 a/b/g LAN PSTN Hotspot LAN PAN CH Roaming User UMTS/CDMA Network Ad Hoc Network GSIFI #5 IOT5-20110014

  4. 207.3.232.10 Mobile Host 128.59.11.8 207.3.232.10 128.59.9.6 128.59.10.7 802.11 802.11 210.5.240.10 900 ms media interruption 802.11 802.11 18 Seconds media interruption 4 Seconds media interruption Case Study I - Mobility Illustration in a sample IP-based network Administrative Domain A AdministrativeDomain B Authorization Agent Authorization Agent Registration Agent Registration Agent Authentication Agent Authentication Agent IPch Signaling Proxy Configuration Agent Configuration Agent Corresponding Host Signaling Proxy N2 Layer 2 PoA N1 N1 L3 PoA Backbone A L2 PoA L3 PoA Layer 3 PoA N2 B C L2 PoA D Layer 2 PoA L3 PoA N1- Network 1 (802.11) N2- Network 2 ( CDMA/GPRS) h/o delay 900 ms GSIFI #5 h/o delay 18 s h/o delay 4 s

  5. Case Study II - P-CSCF Fast-handoff Experimental Results Components Optimized PPP Termination Layer 2 Delay Non-Optimized PPP Activation MIP-Solicitation Reactive MIP-Binding Update DHCP Trigger Types of Handoff DHCP Inform Proactive SIP Trigger SIP+Security 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 Media Redirection Time in ms Components Optimized Figure 1: Levels of MMD Optimization IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5

  6. Motivation • It is desirable to limit the jitter, delay and packet loss for VoIP and Streaming traffic • 150 ms end-to-end delay for interactive traffic such as VoIP, 2% packet loss is allowed • Delay due to handoff takes place at several layers • Layer 2 (handoff between AP), • Layer 3 (IP address acquisition, Configuration) • Authentication, Authorization • Binding Update • Media Redirection • Rapid handoff will contribute to overall delay and packet loss • Thus, it is essential to reduce the handoff delay introduced at different layers to provide better QoE to end users IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5

  7. Objective • Develop Best Current Practices for Mobility Management in NGN • Applicable to Rural Environment • Develop general rules of optimization for several handoff functions IOT5-20110014 . GSIFI #5

  8. Technical issues for mobility management IOT5-20110014

  9. Mobility Taxonomy IP Mobility Terminal Service Session Personal Issues • Mobility pattern Network Layer Application Layer • Systems Optimization Transport Layer Shim Layer MIPv4 Cellular IP HAWAII IDMP MIP-LR MIPV6 ProxyMIPv6 SIPMM MIP-LR(M) Proxy • Host controlled • vs. • Mobile Controlled MSOCKS, Migrate mSCTP HIP GSIFI #5 IOT5-20110014

  10. Framework Requirements for Mobility Management • It supports means of personal, service, and terminal mobility • It supports global roaming (e.g., Inter-operator roaming) • It is wireless "technology-independent” • CDMA, WiFi, LTE • It supports single interface and multi-interface mobility • It supports both real-time and non-real-time multimedia services • mobile telephony, mobile web access, and mobile data services • It allows a mobile station/user to maintain privacy and confidentiality • It supports multicast and anycast trees efficiently as mobile stations/users move around • IPv6, IPTV • It provides Secure Signaling for the mobile users • It interworks smoothly with PSTN and today's 1G/2G wireless telephony to facilitate interworking of new operators' all IP platforms IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5

  11. Mobility Functions • Handoff • Need to support Cell, Subnet and Domain • Need to support Hard handoff, Soft Handoff • Ensure the integrity, privacy and confidentiality of user’s information • All three hand-off processes ensure service mobility • Maintain QoS of the ongoing sessions • Ensure that the mobile has access to all of its subscribed network services and features • Domain hand-off latency should include AAA interaction • Domain handoff should not exceed MAHT to ensure continuity of real-time sessions • Need to support both TCP and RTP/UDP protocols • Registration • Supports complete registration for domain handoff - AAA • Supports partial registration for subnet handoff • Supports hierarchical registration when the user is far away GSIFI #5 IOT5-20110014

  12. Mobility Functions (contd.) • Configuration • Should not take more than a few hundred milli-seconds • Should update DNS to reflect the current address to name mapping (Dynamic DNS) • Dynamic Address Binding • Allows a user to maintain a universal identifier (e.g., SIP URI) regardless of its point of attachment to the network • Location Management • Should be accurate, up-to-date • Should only be disclosed to authorized users and relevant users IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5

  13. Mobility Optimization • Use of cross layer triggers to expedite handoff operations • Layer 2 assisted fast-handoff • Policy-based mobility management • Use the optimized protocol suitable for a specific application • SIP for real-time, MIP for Non-real-time • Pre-authentication, Pre-configuration to reduce the handoff time • Parallelize among handoff functions • Layer 3 discovery while doing layer 2 discovery • Proactive Discovery of Networks • IEEE 802.21 IOT5-20110014 GSIFI #5

  14. Next Steps • Deployment case studies with mobility protocols (e.g., Network layer, application layer) • Best Current Practices for mobility optimization • Familiarize with other SDOs (e.g., IETF) IOT5-20110014 .

  15. System decomposition of mobility event Mobility Event P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 Network discovery & selection Network attachment Configuration Security association Media reroute Binding update P12 P31 P11 Subnet discovery Identifier acquisition P62 Channel discovery P33 P61 P41 P53 Forwarding P21 P23 Address Resolution Tunneling Authentication (L2 and L3) Identifier mapping L2 association Domain Advertisement P51 P32 P54 P63 P42 Identifier update P13 Binding cache Duplicate Address Detection Key derivation Buffering P22 Server discovery P64 Router solicitation Bi-casting/ Multicasting P52 Identifier Verification IOT5-20110014

  16. IEEE 802.21 and MP Enabled Seamless Mobility Deployment Scenario Radio State Radio State Radio State Radio State GSM Wi-Fi GSM GSM GSM WLAN Wi-Fi WLAN WLAN WLAN WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX GPS GPS GPS GPS Radio State Radio State Radio State GSM GSM GSM WLAN WLAN WLAN WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX GPS GPS GPS Use Case: Cross layer and multiple interfaces Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1 Wakeup WLAN Download over WLAN Shutdown GPS Wakeup WLAN Connect to WLAN Zone 6 Zone 5 Zone 4 Airport WLAN Link Going Down. Café Shutdown GPS Start Download over WLAN Switch to WiMAX Download over WiMAX Shutdown WLAN Wakeup GPS Battery level low Shutdown WiMAX Download over GSM/GPRS Zone 9 Zone 7 Wi-MAX Wi-MAX Zone 8 Courtesy: IEEE 802.21 chair

  17. Personal Mobility: Registration person@subnet1.org registrar Subnet 2 CH IP-based Network Subnet 1 person@subnet2.org registrar Subnet 2 CH IP-based Network • When lady in red moves, she • leaves her laptop behind • Uses another machine • Logs in • User registration performed Subnet 1 IOT5-20110014

  18. Personal Mobility: simultaneous registration of multiple bindings person@subnet1.org person@subnet2.org Registrar & proxy Subnet 2 CH IP-based Network Subnet 1 person@subnet1.org person@subnet2.org Registrar & proxy Subnet 2 • When lady in red moves, she • leaves her laptop behind • Uses another machine • She can still be located CH IP-based Network Subnet 1 IOT5-20110014

  19. INVITE BYE REFER Subnet 2 CH 3 2 1 IP-based Network Subnet 1 Session Mobility Subnet 2 CH IP-based Network Subnet 1 MH IOT5-20110014

  20. Service Mobility • Service Mobility allows a roaming user to get the same view of the network as when he is at home • At the time of registration • User’s service profile is retrieved from the home network • The service profile is shared with the responsible entity at home and in the foreign network (wholly or partially) • The foreign network provides some of the service required • The home network still retains responsibility for other services • Examples of entries in the profile of interest may be address book, call handling features, buddy lists, etc. IOT5-20110014

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