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SCIENTIST

SCIENTIST. Scientist Webelos Activity Badge Science Belt Loop. Pack 76 -- Den 9 Presented by Jess V. Ford, PhD -- Chemistry. What is a scientist?. A scientist studies things to learn how they behave and why. They want to figure out how the universe works.

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SCIENTIST

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  1. SCIENTIST Scientist Webelos Activity Badge Science Belt Loop Pack 76 -- Den 9 Presented by Jess V. Ford, PhD -- Chemistry

  2. What is a scientist? • A scientist studies things to learn how they behave and why. They want to figure out how the universe works. • Scientists try to find out the laws of nature about the things they study. People can use these rules or laws in making things. • Scientists can work as researchers, lab technicians, weather forecasters, teachers, nuclear physicists, zoologists and so much more!

  3. Branches of Science • Physical Sciences • Physics • Chemistry • Astronomy • Earth Sciences • Geology • Oceanography • Paleontology • Meteorology • Life Sciences (Biology) • Botany • Zoology • Genetics • Medicine

  4. Scientists

  5. Scientists

  6. The Scientific Method See something cool you don’t know anything about See what other people know (googleit!!) Make a guess Plan how to check out your guess Play in the lab Review what you found out Was I right/wrong and why

  7. What Scientists Do = Answer Questions • Jess’s Question: How would you measure the fluids (water, oil, condensed natural gas) in the bottom of an oil well?

  8. What Scientists Do = Answer Questions LED Source Detection Retention Block Sensing Surface Ni Mirror Coating

  9. What Scientists Do = Answer Questions

  10. Bernoulli’s Principle The pressure of a moving gas decreases as its speed increases. This principle explains why airplanes are able to fly.

  11. Bernoulli’s Experiment • Materials • Fireplace Match • Business card • Hypothesis • Test • Conclusions

  12. Pascal’s Law If liquid is in a closed container, pressure will be the same in every direction. When pressure is added to the top, pressure will increase equally throughout the container. This principle explains how hydraulic systems work. Small force down on small piston creates pressure in tank Larger piston area generates more force

  13. Pascal’s Law Inventions that use Pascal’s Law

  14. Newton’s 1st Law of Motion: Inertia • An object that is at rest tends to stay at rest unless an outside force moves it. • An object that is in motion continues to move at a constant speed in a straight line, unless an outside force acts upon it.

  15. Newton’s 1st Law of Motion: Inertia • Show in 3 different ways how inertia works • Experiment 1: Dropping Balls • Experiment 2: Stacked Washers • Experiment 3: Ball in a Jar • Experiment 4: Swinging Pail

  16. Atmospheric Pressure • Atmospheric pressure is the force exerted on you by the weight of tiny particles of air (air molecules). Although air molecules are invisible, they still have weight and take up space. Since there's a lot of "empty" space between air molecules, air can be compressed to fit in a smaller volume. • At sea level = 14.695 psi • At Weatherford = 14.767 psi • At Mount Everest (Base Camp ~ 17700’) = 7.742 psi • Lots of different units of measure • Hard Boiled Egg Demo

  17. Air Pressure • Air pressure and atmospheric pressure are used interchangeably my almost everyone • Definition: the force gas molecules exerts against something • Demo: Balloons • Demo: Paper in a Bottle

  18. Water Pressure • Water pressure is a term used to describe the flow strength of water through a pipe or other type of channel. • Water pressure depends on the depth of the water above the channel/exit point. • Experiment: Holes in a Water Bottle

  19. FOG • Fog is a meteorological phenomenon caused by a supersaturation of the air, so that it can no longer hold water vapor. The water vapor precipitates out into small droplets of condensation, or fog. The processes are similar to those which make clouds, although fog forms close to the ground, rather than higher up in the atmosphere. • Whenever the air reaches a point of extremely high humidity, fog occurs. Most commonly, it happens when the air rapidly cools, causing condensation to form. There are a number of types, named for the conditions which create them. • Along the shores of oceans and large bodies of water, fog happens when moist air from the water passes over the cooler surface of the land. Frequently, warmer weather inland sucks the moist air across the land, creating a thick blanket of fog. This happens most frequently around the ocean because the salt increases the humidity, and condensation can form at a much lower humidity level around salt

  20. Center of Gravity • Explain how you use your center of gravity to keep your balance • Show three different balancing tricks

  21. Show in three different ways how your eyes work together

  22. Optical Illusions • The human brain put images together because it has learned to expect things; sometimes the data might get a little confused. • We may see an illusion because we know what we are expected to see, even though part of a picture or design may not be completely there. The basis of this is in how we perceive things.

  23. Stare at the black center Do you see it getting bigger?

  24. Can you count the black dots?

  25. Do the wheels seem to rotate?

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