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Classification in Paralympic sports involves forming athletes into groups based on their functional impairments to maintain fair competing conditions. This process aims to maximize equity, involve athletes of various conditions, and analyze the status of impairments. The International Paralympic Committee's Classification Code governs this process, categorizing physically impaired athletes based on their moving abilities. Classification procedures involve medical and technical testing, with classifiers ensuring fair competition. Athletes with impairments compete in different categories, with those in lower categories facing more severe restrictions. The development of para sports has seen the emergence of more categories and younger athletes competing. Learning about classification is essential for a professional approach to grouping athletes and improving their recovery, health, and training processes. The ultimate goal of classification is to show that sport achievements depend on an athlete's training effort, knowledge, talent, and experience rather than just physical qualities. Thank you for your attention!
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Russian Paralympic Committee Functioning Classification in Paralympic Sport National classifier of Russian Federation in swimming candidate of medical sciences Guzel Idrisova 2012
Paralympic sport Summer sports Winter sports Para biathlon Para alpine skiing Wheelchair curling Para cross-country skiing Para ice hockey • Wheelchair basketball • Boccia • Cycling • Sitting volleyball • Goalball • Rowing • Canoe • Judo • Equestrian • Para athletics • Para sailing • Powerlifting • Para swimming • Wheelchair rugby • Para archery • Para shooting • Wheelchair tennis • Table tennis • Triathlon • Wheelchair fencing • Football 5-a-side • Football 7-a-side
Classificationis a process of forming athletes into groups based on their functional impairment
maintaining fair competing conditions for athletes with impairment guarantee that impairment would not stop an athlete from participating in sport competitions Classification’s goals
Classification principles • Equity- maximization of equal opportunities in one category by distributing athletes into categories based on their functional conditions • Involvement- inclusiveness of athletes of different genders, impairments and levels of their seriousness • Status Analysis - examination of athletes whose impairments have tendencies of healing
Functions • Determination whether an athlete is eligible to compete at the competitions • Grouping athletes into categories in order to maintain fair environment
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International Paralympic Committee (IPC)CLASSIFICATION CODE Classification Code of IPC was established in November 2007, and is governing classification process in all sports for all levels.
Functional categorization of physically impaired athletes is based on their moving abilities and is graded in points
Physical impairment, included inSystem of Functional Classification(SFC)and allowing to compete in the events • Spinal cord injuries • Cerebral paralysis (CP) , Brain injuries • Limb deficiency • Short stature, arthrogryposis • Other physical impairments
Impairments, not included in the system of functioning classification • Disability or absence of internal organ • General chronic illness • Joint deterioration • Osteochondrosis • Obesity • Mental illnesses • Skin illnesses • Haemophilia • Epilepsy
Impairments, not included in the system of functioning classification (2) • Visual impairment • Hearing impairment • Intellectual impairment
IBSF(International Blind Sports Federation), recognize three categories– full blindness, partial blindness, visual impairment • CISS (International Committee of Sports for Deaf), recognizes two categories– completely deafandhearing impairment • INAS-FID (International Federation for athletes with Intellectual Impairment), recognizes one category • SOI(International Special Olympics Organization), recognizes one category
Classification procedures • Medical testing • Technical testing • Examination during the competitions
Classifiers group • Medical classifier (doctor) • Technical classifier(coach) Medical classifier Technical classifier Classification rules
Medical testing • Coordination tests • Muscular conditions tests • Joint mobility tests • Measurement of impaired limbs • Height measurement and determination of body proportion deficiencies
Technical testing • is a measurement of athlete’s ability to perform specific goals in his sport outside of the competitions
Healthy athlete’s abilities- 300 pointsParticipation requirements- 285 points or lessafter medical testing results
In para swimming for physically impaired athletesexist 10 categories (S1-S10). Lower the category number is, harder the impairment level , for instance, categoryS1stands for maximum restriction of physical activity, andcategory S10 – for minimal restrictions
Nowadays, higher category athletes have the biggest representationDevelopment of para sports since 2007 shows: - appearance of more middle and smaller categories- more athletes under 20 years old compete as para athletes
Why to learn about classification • Necessity in having more professional approach when grouping athletes into categories • Necessity in grouping learning organizations with the perspective of improving recovery, health recreation and training processes.
Classification’s aim • to prove that sport achievements do not depend on physical qualities of an athlete, but rather on his training effort, level of his sport knowledge, talent and competing experience.
