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Civil Rights

Civil Rights. Powers and privileges guaranteed to individuals by government. Literacy Test . 1. Which of the following is a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights? _____Public Education _____Employment _____Trial by Jury _____Voting

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Civil Rights

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  1. Civil Rights Powers and privileges guaranteed to individuals by government.

  2. Literacy Test 1. Which of the following is a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights? _____Public Education _____Employment _____Trial by Jury _____Voting 2. If a person is indicted for a crime, name two rights which he has. _________________________________ ___________________________________ 3. A President elected at the general election in November takes office the following year on what date? ______________________________________________________________________

  3. Literacy Test 4. When the Constitution was approved by the original colonies, how many states had to ratify it in order for it to be in effect? _________________________________________ 5. To serve as President of the United States, a person must have attained: _____25 years of age _____35 years of age _____40 years of age _____45 years of age 6. The Supreme Court is the chief lawmaking body of the state. _____True _____False

  4. Literacy Test  7. If a vacancy occurs in the U.S. Senate, the state must hold an election, but meanwhile the place may be filled by a temporary appointment made by ___________________________________________________________________ 8. A U.S. senator is elected for a term of _____ years. 9. The Constitution protects an individual against punishments which are _______________ and _______________________. 10. Cases tried before a court of law are two types, civil and _________________________.

  5. Literacy Test Extra Credit #1. The electoral vote for President is counted in the presence of two bodies. Name them: _____________________________ ________________________________ Extra Credit #2. If no candidate for President receives a majority of the electoral vote, who decides who will become President? ___________________________________________________

  6. Civil Liberties vs Civil Rights • Civil Liberties—constraints upon the power of government vis-a-vis its citizens. • Civil Rights—powers and privileges guaranteed to individuals by government.

  7. The Struggle for Racial Equality •  1857 Dred Scott (Dred Scott v. Sanford) •  Civil War (1861-1865) •  Constitutional Amendments (XIII, XIV, XV)

  8. XIV Amendment • “No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”

  9. Separate But Equal •  “Jim Crow” Laws • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

  10. Laws to Reinforce Inequality • “Jim Crow” Laws • Literacy tests • Poll Taxes • Grandfather Clauses

  11. The Civil Rights Movement • Northern Migration •  NAACP (1909) • W.E.B. DuBois (founder) • WWII and the Cold War

  12. The Civil Rights Movement • Brown v. Board of Education (1954) • “…in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate education facilities are inherently unequal.” • De jure vs. de facto equality

  13. Famous Civil Rights Actions • Rosa Parks (1955) • Emmett Till (1955) • Greensboro Lunch Counter (1960) • Medgar Evers (1963) • “I Have a Dream” (1963) •  Freedom Summer (1964) •  The Civil Rights Act (1964)

  14. Civil Rights Act 1964 • Equal Voting Rights (Voting Rights Act 1965) • Prohibits Segregation • Bans Discrimination • Establishes E.E.O.C.

  15. Voting Rights Act 1965 • Federal Oversight of Equal Voting Rights • No voting standards, practices or procedures to deny citizens on account of race or color

  16. The Struggle for Gender Equality • Early Women’s Movement (mid 1800s) • American Woman Suffrage Association • National Woman Suffrage Association • 19th Amendment (1920)

  17. Modern Women’s Movement • Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique (1963) • Equal Rights Amendment (1972) • End to Exclusivity • Title IX • Franklin v. Gwinnett Co. Public Schools • Citadel and Virginia Military Academy • Augusta Country Club • Lilly Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire and Rubber (2007) • Intermediate scrutiny

  18. Gender Discrimination Intermediate scrutiny • In gender discrimination cases places the burden on both the challenger and the government to demonstrate constitutionality

  19. Other Groups • American Indians • Hispanic / Latino/ Latina • Asian Americans • Aged • People with Disabilities • Gays and lesbians

  20. How far have we come? • Affirmative Action • Government policies to address past grievances that contribute to contemporary inequalities

  21. How far have we come? • U.C. Davis v. Bakke

  22. How far have we come? In what ways are Americans equal or unequal? What groups have made claims for equal rights? What is the government’s proper role in guaranteeing equality?

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