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“Principles of New Media” from The Language of New Media by Lev Manovich (2001)

“Principles of New Media” from The Language of New Media by Lev Manovich (2001). Purpose. To identify some of the key differences between old and new media. 5 Principles. Numerical Representation All new media is made of numeric (digital) codes

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“Principles of New Media” from The Language of New Media by Lev Manovich (2001)

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  1. “Principles of New Media” from The Language of New Media by Lev Manovich (2001)

  2. Purpose • To identify some of the key differences between old and new media

  3. 5 Principles • Numerical Representation • All new media is made of numeric (digital) codes • New media described mathematically – image or shape • Subject to algorithmic manipulation • Industrial Revolution – discrete units; factory systems

  4. 2. Modularity • Media elements are independent of one another, but come together to form a greater object • Image in word document • QuickTime movie • HTML doc – GIF, JPEG • www • Structural computer programming – will not work if delete a module

  5. 3. Automation • Due to digital code and modular structure, media creation can be automated • Low-level automation – modification by computer user • High-level automation – modification by computer • Photograph – Film vs. digital

  6. 4. Variability • New media can have multiple versions • Not possible without modularity • Customized – discrete samples • “Production on demand” & “just in time” deliver • Hyperlinks • Old media everyone experience same thing • Social and cultural change

  7. 5. Transcoding • Computer logic directly affects cultural logic • Computer logic – numbers and pixels • Cultural logic – images and themes • Computer logic changes with time – new uses of media • Does computer layer affect culture layer, or other way around?

  8. Technology and Convergence Radinger, W., & Goeschka, K.M. (November 2002). A definition of convergence in the area of information and telecommunication technologies. Companion of the 17th annual ACM SIG PLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications OOPSLA ’02. Retrieved November 19, 2007 from the Association for Computing Machinery.

  9. How do you define convergence?

  10. “Convergence in technology is the multidisciplinary integration of inhomogeneous methods, systems, views, knowledge areas and other disciplines of technology with the aim to reach an added value.”

  11. Abstract Classes of Convergence • Analysis, design, and architecture • Systems and implementation techniques • Situation awareness and point of view • Knowledge communities and individuals • Temporal convergence: Legacy integration and software cathedrals

  12. Related Terms • Integration • Added Value • Innovation • Motivation • Divergence

  13. Convergence Examples • Hardware-Software Co-Design • Performance gain results from the convergence of computer programming languages that no longer needed a human to manage • Principle #3: Automation

  14. Convergence Examples • XML • Combination of HTML and SGML characteristics produced XML, resulting in convergence and divergence • Principle #2: Modularity • VoIP • Led to integrated services • Principle #5: Transcoding

  15. Closing • Added value is an important element in the process of convergence • Divergence is necessary for innovation so it should not be considered negative • Authors realize their definition is not conclusive

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