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Wave Interactions. Doppler Effect. Observed change in a sound’s frequency Frequency really doesn’t change Pitch How high or low a sound is Changes with the Doppler effect Close = high pitch = high frequency Far = low pitch = low frequency. Hear It. Train. Siren.
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Doppler Effect • Observed change in a sound’s frequency • Frequency really doesn’t change • Pitch • How high or low a sound is • Changes with the Doppler effect • Close = high pitch = high frequency • Far = low pitch = low frequency Hear It Train Siren
When a wave runs into a new medium, it can … • Bounce Back • Go Through It • Go Around It Reflection Refraction Diffraction
I. Reflection • Reflection – the bouncing back of a wave as it meets a surface or boundary What is a boundary? The point at which 2 media meet.
Free End Fixed End What differences do you see? Notice that wave bounces back with the same amplitude and on the same side Notice that wave bounces back with the same amplitude and on the opposite side
II. Refraction • Refraction – the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another Note: Refraction is NOT a bending pencil, but the light being bent by the water-air boundary.
III. Diffraction • Diffraction – the bending of a wave as it passes an edge or opening Let’s see what that looks like!
IV. Interference • Interference – the combination of two or more waves that exist in the same place at the same time.
A. Types of Interference • Constructive Interference - interference in which waves combine to produce a bigger wave than original waves • Destructive Interference - interference in which waves combine to produce a smaller wave than original waves