Chapter 1: What is Biology?

1. Chapter 1: What is Biology? Collecting Biological Data

2. Biology - The Study of Life • “Bios” = Life • “logos” = Study • Biology = The study of life

3. What is an Organism? All living things are organisms

4. Characteristics of Living Things • Organization • Reproduction • Growth and Development • Ability to adjust to Environment • Living things adapt and evolve

5. Organization • All living things are composed of one or more cells • Each cell contains DNA • All parts function together in an orderly living system

6. Organization

7. Organization

8. Reproduction • Species • They can interbreed • The offspring that they produce are fertile

9. Reproduction

10. Reproduction

11. Reproduction KIDS MORE KIDS MORE AND MORE KIDS EVEN MORE KIDS In a few years!!!

12. Growth and Development • Growth - Results in more living material and forms new structures • Development - All changes that take place during the life of an organism

13. Growth and Development

14. Ability to adjust to Environment • Environment - air, weather, temperature, other organisms, and many other factors • Stimulus: Any condition that requires a response • Response: Reaction to a stimulus • Homeostasis: maintaining conditions suitable for survival - takes energy

15. Living Things Adapt and Evolve • Adaptation: Any structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to stimuli and better survive in an environment • Evolution: gradual accumulation of adaptations over time

16. The Scientific Method Formulate Hypothesis Test Hypothesis: Experiments Interpret Results, and revise the hypothesis if necessary State Conclusions in a form that can be evaluated by others Make observations And collect data that Lead to a question X SCIENTIFICALLYPROVEN

17. Controlled Experiments • Control Group • All conditions kept the same • Experimental Group • All conditions kept the same EXCEPT ONE

18. Controlled Experiments Frog Egg Experiment

19. The Variables in an Experiment • Independent Variable • The condition in an experiment that is changed • There should only be one independent variable • Dependent Variable • A condition in an experiment that changes because the independent variable changed

20. Controlled Experiments Frog Egg Experiment Independent Variable = UV light

21. Controlled Experiments Frog Egg Experiment Dependent Variable = Size of Eggs

22. Scientific Tools • Beakers • Test tubes • Hot plates • Petri dishes • Graduated cylinders • Dissecting instruments • Microscopes

23. Theories and laws • Theory: A hypothesis that is supported over a long period of time. • Law: Fact of nature that is generally known to be true. E.g. the law of gravity (what goes up must come down).

24. 2 Kinds of Research • Quantitative: dealing with numerical data (counts/measurements) • Uses the International system of measurement (SI) • meter • gram • liter • second • Celsius

25. 2 Kinds of Research • Quantitative: dealing with numerical data (counts/measurements) • Uses the International system of measurement (SI) • meter (length) • gram (weight) • liter (volume) • second (time) • Celsius (temperature)

26. 2 Kinds of Research • Descriptive: Uses written descriptions of what a scientist observes. E.g. Animal behavior

27. Science and Society • Ethics: moral principles and values held by humans • Society plays a vital role in determining what is ethical or not ethical when it comes to science • Why should I care about science? • Does God care about science?

28. Misconceptions about the relationship between Science and Religion • Science has all the facts • Science and religion should be separate and independent from each other • If science does not agree with the Bible, then bend the bible a little

29. True Science • “God is the foundation of everything. All true science is in harmony with His works; all true education leads to obedience to His government.”