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SEABEE COMBAT WARFARE COMMON CORE

NAVEDTRA 43904-C. SEABEE COMBAT WARFARE COMMON CORE. Unit 108 Weapons Fundamentals. Weapons Fundamental Reference. (a) NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol 1 (b) NAVEDTRA 14324, Gunner’s Mate (c) Seabee Battle Skills Guide, Vol 1 (d) NTRP 3-07.2.2

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SEABEE COMBAT WARFARE COMMON CORE

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  1. NAVEDTRA 43904-C SEABEE COMBAT WARFARECOMMON CORE Unit 108 Weapons Fundamentals

  2. Weapons Fundamental Reference • (a) NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol 1 • (b) NAVEDTRA 14324, Gunner’s Mate • (c) Seabee Battle Skills Guide, Vol 1 • (d) NTRP 3-07.2.2 • (e) Construction Battle Skills Guide, Book 1, All Hands 2005 • (f) TM-SW215-BC-MMO-010, Operator’s and Maintenance Manual for AN/PVS-12A, Night Vision, Crew Served Weps • (g) FM 3-22.09, M16A1 and M16A2 Rifle Marksmanship(h) TM-SW215-B4-MMO-010, Operator’s and Maintenance Manual for AN/PVS-12A, Night Vision, Individual Weapon • (i) Construction Battle Skills Guide, Book 4, Crew/Team Skills 2005 Edition(j) TM 9-1010-230-10, Operators Manual Machine Gun, 40mm, MK19, MOD3(k) TM 9-1005-213-10, Operators Manual Machine Gun, Cal. 50, Browning M2, Heavy Barrel Ch. 1, sec II pg 1-5(l) FM 3-22.68(m) MCWP 3-15.1 Machine Guns and Machine Gunnery

  3. 4 RULES OF WEAPONS SAFETY • PQS Question 108.1 State the four rules of weapons safety. • Reference: (c, Ch 1) Seabee Battle Skills Guide, Vol. 1

  4. 4 RULES OF WEAPONS SAFETY • Rule 1 – Treat every weapon as if it were loaded. • Rule 2 – Never point a weapon at anything you do not intend to shoot. • Rule 3 – keep finger straight and off the trigger until you are ready to fire. • Rule 4 – Keep weapon on SAFE until you intend to fire.

  5. WEAPON CONDITIONS • PQS Question 108.2 State the four weapon conditions • Reference: (c, Ch 1)Seabee Battle Skills Guide, Vol. 1

  6. WEAPON CONDITIONS • Condition one • Magazine is inserted, a round must be chambered, and the safety is on. • Condition two • Magazine is inserted, a round is chambered, the weapons action is closed, and the hammer is forward. This condition applies to weapons with external hammers except for the M9 service pistol. • Condition three • Magazine is inserted, chamber is empty, the action is closed and safety is on. • Condition four • All ammo is removed, chamber is empty, the action is closed and the safety is on.

  7. NCF Weapons System • PQS Question 108.3 What weapons systems are in the NCF? • Reference: [ref: l, ch. 3, ref: b, ch. 3]

  8. NCF Weapons System • M9 • M16 • M240B • 50 Cal • MK 19 • AT4 • M-203 • M-500 Shotgun

  9. Define the following terms • PQS Question 108.4 Define the following terms associated with the M16A3 and the M9. • Reference:(a, ch. 3) NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol 1

  10. Malfunction & Misfire • Malfunction • The failure of a weapon to function satisfactorily, usually because of excess friction caused by dirt, improper lubrication or carbon buildup. • Immediate action- you must stop and clean the weapon to correct this problem • Misfire • A complete failure to fire, NOT a delay in firing that may be caused by a faulty firing mechanism or a faulty element in the propelling charge explosive train. • Immediate action • Strike the forward assist to be sure the extractor has engaged a round • Tap upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated. • Pull the charging handle to the rear. • If round is ejected, release handle, strike forward assist and attempt to fire. • If round is not ejected, check for a round in the chamber, if it is clear, release handle, strike forward assist and attempt to fire. • If a round is stuck in the chamber it must be removed before attempting to reload/ re-chamber.

  11. Stoppage Stoppage • Any interruption in the cycle of functioning caused by faulty action of the weapon or ammunition. • Immediate action • Strike the forward assist to be sure the extractor has engaged a round. • Tap upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated. • Pull the charging handle to the rear. • If round is ejected, release handle, strike forward assist and attempt to fire. • If round is not ejected, check for round in the chamber, if it is clear, released handle, strike forward assist and attempt to fire. • If a round is stuck in the chamber it must be removed before attempting to reload/re-chamber.

  12. Firing Cycle • PQS Question 108.5 State the eight operation in a firing cycle.Reference: [b, ch. 3]NAVEDTRA 14324, Gunner’s Mate

  13. Firing Cycle • Feeding: the feeding action places a round in the receiver just to the rear of the chamber. • Chambering: takes place as the moving bolt strips the round and forces it into the chamber. • Locking: holds the bolt in the forward position for a short period of time to prevent the loss of gas pressure. • Firing: the firing pin actually strikes the primer of the cartridge • Unlocking: after the round is fired, the bolt unlocks and moves rearward. • Extracting: the process of pulling the empty case back out of the chamber. As the bolt moves rearward extraction occurs. • Ejecting: as the casing is extracted, ejection occurs as it is thrown out of the weapon. • Cocking: the retraction of the firing mechanism against spring pressure so that there will be sufficient energy to fire the next cartridge.

  14. Semi/Auto operations • PQS Question 108.6 Explain the differences between semi-automatic and automatic operationsReference: [a, ch. 3]NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol 1

  15. Differences SEMI/AUTO • A semiautomatic weapon unlocks, extracts, ejects, cocks and reloads automatically. The trigger must be pulled each time to fire a round. • An automatic weapon unlocks, extracts, ejects, cocks and reloads automatically. An automatic weapon will fire as long as the trigger is pulled and rounds are available to fire.

  16. Terminology • PQS Question 108.7 Define the following terms [ref a] • Trajectory [ch. 3] • Breech [app. L] • Bore [ch. 3] • Chamber [app l] • Muzzle [app l] • Muzzle Velocity [app l] • Maximum Range [ref b, ch. 3] • Maximum Effective Range [ref b, ch. 3]

  17. Terminology • Trajectory: The flight path the bullet takes from the weapon to the target. • Breech: The rear end of the barrel. • Bore: The actual hole in the barrel. It may be rifled or not. • Chamber: The enlarged part of the bore at the breech that holds the cartridge. • Muzzle: The front or forward end of the barrel. • Muzzle velocity: The speed at which the bullet travels when it leaves the muzzle. • Maximum range: The greatest distance a round will travel • Maximum effective range: The greatest distance at which a weapon may be expected to fire accurately to inflict damage or casualty.

  18. Ammunition Color Codes • PQS Question 108.8 Discuss small arms ammunition color codes and state the purpose of each: Orange or red [ref a, ch. 3]Violet [ref a, ch. 3]Black [ref a, ch. 13]Aluminum [ref a, ch. 13]Green [ref a, ch. 3]Reference: NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol 1.

  19. Ammo Color Codes • Orange or red: Tracer rounds • Violet: Blank rounds • Black: Armor piercing • Aluminum: Armor piercing, incendiary. • Green: Standard ball ammunition

  20. Maximum Ranges • PQS Question 108.9 State the maximum range, maximum effective range, employment, rates of fire, and types of ammunition of the following weapons: [ref i] M9 Service PistolM1-16A3 rifleReference: (i) Construction Battle Skills Guide, Book 4

  21. Describe the 9mm • 9mm pistol • semi-automatic • Magazine fed • Recoil operated • Double action or single action firing pistol • Current issue sidearm • Capabilities/Characteristics • Length: 8.54in • Weight: 2.12lbs • Weight fully loaded (15rnd mag): 2.54lbs • Magazine capacity: 15 rounds • Muzzle velocity: 1230/fps • Max effective range: 50m • Ammunition: fires 9mm Ball ammunition • Safety Features • The M9 pistol has only ONE safety. • It has THREE SAFETY FEATURES. • Ambidextrous safety: Allows for safe operation of the pistol by right and left handed users. Lowers the hammer safely without causing an accidental discharge • Firing Pin Block: Prevents any motion of the firing pin and is only overcome by pulling the trigger • Half Cock Notch: Prevents accidental discharge. If the cocked hammer should fall forward due to a mechanical failure, this would catch on the sear before the hammer would strike the firing pin.

  22. Describe the M-16A3 • M-16 rifle • Lightweight • Gas operated • Air cooled • Magazine fed • Shoulder fired • Semi-automatic or fully automatic • Modes of fire • Semiautomatic Fire Mode: When a single shot is fired the trigger must be pulled each time. • Automatic Fire mode: Rifle will continue to fire as long as the trigger is held back • Selector Level • Safe Position: Rifle will not fire • Semi position: The trigger must be pulled each shot • Auto: Rifle will continue to fire as long as the trigger is held back • Capabilities/Characteristics • Length w/flash suppressor: 39in • Length of barrel w/flash suppressor: 21in • Weight: 7.8lbs • Weight fully loaded (30 round ma): 8.79lbs • Magazine capacity: 20/30 rounds • Muzzle velocity: 3100/fps • Max range: 3534m • Max effective range: Point Target 550 and Area Target 800m • Rates of Fire • Sustained: 12 to 15 rounds per minute • Rapid: 150 to 200 rounds per minute • Cyclic: 700 to 800 rounds per minute • Ammunition • 5.56 Ball: Standard round • 5.56 Tracer: Used to mark targets or cause incendiary effects • 5.56 Blank: Training round • 5.56 Dummy: Totally inert training

  23. Loading/Unloading • PQS Question 108.10 Discuss loading/unloading procedures for the following weapons:M9 Service Pistol [ref b, ch. 3]M-16A3 rifle [ref a, ch. 3] • Reference: (a) NAVEDTRA 14234(b) NAVEDTRA 14324

  24. Proper Loading/Unloading • 9mm pistol./ M-16 rifle • Keep safety in “safe” position until ready to fire. • Keep muzzle down range and clear of all troops • Before loading, make sure bore, chamber, and ammunition are clean and dry. • Hold the pistol at the raised pistol position, or place the rifle butt against the thigh • Then, remove the magazine by pressing the magazine catch or release button. • To make absolutely certain the chamber is empty, pull back the slide or bolt and inspect the chamber and verify visually. If it is dark, feel to check. Opening the slide or bolt will eject any round that may have been in the chamber.

  25. TYPES OF GRENADES • PQS Question 108.11 Describe and discuss the six types of grenades: [ref. a, ch. 12]. • Reference: (a, Ch 12) NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Volume 1

  26. Grenades • Fragmentation • Grenades designed to inflict personnel casualties and damage to light equipment by projecting high velocity fragments from the detonated grenade case • The effective casualty-producing radius is about 15 meters • Illumination • Used to illuminate terrain in night time operations • Once pin is pulled, GRENADE MUST BE THROWN! • Grenades used mainly to light up the terrain. • The MK 1 is the only illuminating grenade currently available. • It provides about 55,000 candlepower for a period of 25 seconds. • Chemical • Used for incendiary, screening, signaling, training, and riot control purposes • Grenades that are chemical filled munitions designed to be thrown by the individual or projected from the service rifle using a special adapter. • ABC-M25A2, riot control hand grenade is the most commonly used. • Filled with a type of tear gas chemical that causes irritation and watering eyes.

  27. Grenades • Incendiary • AN-M14 incendiary Thermite grenade is used to ignite combustible materials and to destroy all types of equipment. • This TH grenade is cylindrical in shape and weights 32 ounces. • Contains filler of 26.5 ounces of Thermite mixture • It uses an igniting delay fuse that sets fire to the Thermite • The Thermite burns at a temperature of about 4,300 deg F • Smoke • Grenades that are cylindrical in shape and weigh about 27 ounces. • They can be thrown about 40 yards with an effective casualty radius of nearly 30 yards • Practice/training • Used to train personnel in the care, handling, and use of grenades prior to using actual service grenades. • These grenades are used for training personnel in the care, handling, and use of hand grenades before using service grenades. • Practice grenades simulate the functioning of service grenades to provide realism in training.

  28. Hand Grenade Safety Procedures • PQS Question 108.12 Discuss hand grenade safety procedures. [ref. a, ch. 12] • Reference: (a, Ch 12) NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Volume 1

  29. Hand Grenade Safety Procedures • All personnel handling casualty producing grenades must wear proper protection • Never attempt to defuse hand grenades • Do not remove the safety pin until ready to throw • Do not attach grenades to clothing or equipment.

  30. CLAYMORE • PQS Question 108.13Discuss the placement, arming, safety requirements, coverage, and methods of firing the Claymore mine. [ref. a, ch. 12] • Reference: (a, ch. 12) NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1

  31. Claymore Mines • Placement • This mine should be positioned so as to afford all friendly personnel, within 100 meters to the rear and sides of the mine, the opportunity to take adequate cover. • Arming • After the M18A1 mine is positioned and properly aimed, it is armed by first opening the blasting cap assembly and unrolling the wire from either the firing position or the mine. • The wire is secured by wrapping a few turns of wire around a leg of the mine and burying it, if possible. • Safety requirements • Before attaching the firing device directly, the circuit should be checked for continuity with the test set provided to ensure that the mine will function at the desired time • The firing device has a safety bail with two positions • In the upper (safe) position, it acts as a block between the firing handle and the generator. • In the lower (fire) position, it allows the generator to be activated. • The instructions provided with the M7 bandoleer should be carefully followed by anyone using these mines.

  32. Claymore Mines • Range/Coverage • When detonated, the M18A1 mine will project steel spheres over a 60 degree fan shaped pattern approximately 6 feet high and 50 meters wide to an optimum effective range of 50 meters • These steel fragments re moderately effective up to a range of approximately 100 meters and can travel up to 250 meters • Method of firing • M18A1 mine can be in either an uncontrolled or a controlled role. An uncontrolled mine is essentially a booby-trap. This use by Seabees is not authorized. In a controlled role, the operator detonates the mine as the enemy approaches within the killing zone • By using either an electrical or a non-electrical firing system, the operator can control detonation. • In almost all cases, mines employed by Seabees will be fired electrically with the M57 firing device.

  33. M240B • PQS Question 108.14 Explain the characteristics of the machine gun [ref l, ch. 3]Reference: FM 3-22.68

  34. M240B • Air-cooled, Belt-fed, Gas-operated, Fully Automatic weapon, Fires from open bolt Position and is Crew served • Length................................49 inches • Weight ...............................27.6 pounds • Maximum range ................3,725 meters

  35. Loading/Unloading PQS Question 108.15 Discuss loading/unloading procedures [ref l, ch. 3]Reference: FM 3-22.68

  36. Loading/Unloading • The M240B machine gun is loaded from the closed bolt position. The M240B is fired, unloaded, and cleared from the open bolt position. The safety must be placed on “F” before the bolt can be pulled to the rear. Before belted ammunition can be used, it must be linked with the double link at the open end of the bandoleer. It must be free of dirt and corrosion. • Loading – Two methods, raised cover and closed cover • Raised cover method – preferred method • Gunner ensure the bolt is to the rear and the safety lever is on safe (S) • Gunner raises the cover • Team leader places the first round of the bandoleer and places it over the feed aperture • Gunner then closes the cover and places the safety lever on fire (F) • Weapon is now loaded and ready to fire • Closed cover method – alternate method • Gunner ensures bolt is forward safety lever is on fire (F) and the cover remains closed • Team leader takes a bandoleer of ammunition and inserts the first round into the feedtray • The weapon is now loaded • Gunner pull bolt to the rear and slides cocking handle forward – The weapon is now ready to fire

  37. Loading/Unloading • Unloading • Gunner ensures bolt is to the rear and the safety is on safe (S) • Gunner raises the cover • Team leader removes the ammunition and links from the feedtray • Gunner then raises the feedtray and visually inspects the receiver and chamber to ensure no rounds remain • Once the feedtray, receiver and chamber have been cleared of all ammunition and links the weapon is considered to be unloaded

  38. Capabilities/Nomenclature • PQS Question 108.16 State the following capabilities/nomenclatureProper employment [ref l, ch. 3]FPL/PDF [ref l, ch. 5]Maximum effective range [ref l, ch. 3]Safeties M240B [ref l, ch. 3]Ammunition types [ref l, ch. 3]Rates of fire [ref l, ch. 3]Types of mounts [ref l, ch. 3]

  39. Capabilites/Nomenclature • Proper employment • Analyze the operation order using METT-T SALUTE DRAW-D and KOCOA • Consider the characteristics of the machine guns to be employed • Consider employment of the machine guns in defense • Consider employment of machine guns in the offense • Direct the employment of the machine guns • Final Protective Line (FPL)/Principal Direction of Fire (PDF) • Assignment of a Final Protective Line (FPL) • Position machine guns to the flanks to provide fire across the unit's front. • Ensure the position provides interlocking grazing fires within an assigned sector • Ensure that FPL dead space can be covered by alternate weapons (munitions, M203 grenade launchers, mortars, claymore mines) • Assignment of a Principal Direction of Fire (PDF) • Ensure the position covers likely avenues of approach and obstacles • Maximum effective range: 1,100 meters with tripod and T&E

  40. Nomenclature • Area • Tripod..................................................1,100 meters • Bipod...................................................800 meters • Point • Tripod..................................................800 meters • Bipod...................................................600 meters • Suppression...............................................1,800 meters • Safeties • The safety mechanism is located on the pistol grip just behind the trigger well. When the safety is pushed to the right, the letter “S” is visible indicating the weapon is on safe. When pushed to the left, the letter “F” is visible on the safety indicating the weapon is on fire. The safety can only be engaged when the bolt is in the rear position. On the “S” position, the bolt cannot be released to go forward. • Ammunition types • 7.62 mm ball • 7.62 mm tracer • 7.62 mm armor-piercing (not authorized for training) • 7.62 mm blank • 7.62 mm dummy

  41. Rates of Fire • Rates of fire • Sustained ..............................100 rounds per minute fired in 6- to 9-round bursts and 4 to 5 seconds between bursts (barrel change every 10 minutes) • Rapid......................................200 rounds per minute fired in 10- to 13-round bursts and 2 to 3 seconds between bursts (barrel change every 2 minutes) • Cyclic ………………………….650 to 950 rounds per minute in continuous bursts (barrel change every minute)

  42. Types of Mounts • Types of mounts • M122A1 Tripod: provides a stable mount for the M240B, and it permits a higher degree of accuracy and control. The tripod is recommended for marksmanship training and defensive employment. The M122A1 tripod consists of the tripod and flex-mount with T&E mechanism. Weight of M122A1 tripod with/flex-mount is 20 pounds. • Bipod Assembly: used to fire from the prone position. The butt stock in conjunction with the gunner’s non-firing hand provides support for the weapon when firing in the bipod mode. The gas cylinder holds the bipod in place.

  43. Members of a Gun Team • PQS Question 108.17 Name the members of a gun team and state what they are responsible for carrying into a combat situation • Reference: [ref a. p. 1-17]NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol 1

  44. Gun Team • Team leader • Usually a PO2, responsible for effective employment of the gun • Responsible for changing the barrels during firing • Carries spare barrel kit, M122 tripod, one bandoleer of ammo and armed with a 9mm pistol • Gunner • Usually a PO3. Actually fires and maintains the gun • Carries the gun, one bandoleer of ammo and armed with a 9mm pistol • Ammo 1 • Usually a CN, acts as the supply person for the team • Caries one box of ammo, spare barrel case with T&E. Armed with an M16 • Ammo 2 • Usually a CA • Carries two boxes of ammo. Armed with an M16

  45. Weapons Fundamentals • PQS Question 108.18 Describe the characteristics of 40mm Machine Gun • Reference: [j]TM 9-1010-230-10

  46. 40 mm Machine Gun

  47. 40 mm Machine Gun • Air-cooled • Belt-fed • Blow back operated • Automatic weapon • Fires from open bolt position • Crew served

  48. Weapons Fundamentals • PQS Question 108.19 Discuss loading/unloading procedures for the 40mm Machine Gun • Reference: [j]TM 9-1010-230-10

  49. 40mm Machine GunLoading • Keep the weapon down range • Make sure the bolt is forward. If not take the weapon off safe and ease the charging handles forward. • Open the cover • Insert the first round through the feed throat

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