Improving Environmental Performance In The Jamaican Coffee Industry

1. Timon Waugh Research & Environmental Department, Coffee Industry Board (Regulatory Division) Kingston, Jamaica February 2006 Email: twaugh@ciboj.org Improving Environmental Performance In The Jamaican Coffee Industry Coffee Industry Board

2. Introduction • Coffee plant – perennial evergreen dicotyledon indigenous to Ethiopia • Introduced to Jamaica in 1728 • Present production is approximately 600,000 boxes cherry coffee/ 3M kg green beans Coffee Industry Board

3. Introduction (cont’d) • Employs over 50,000 persons directly with over 250,000 dependents • Second most important agricultural crop • Jamaica’s coffee is the world’s best • Jamaica produces less than 0.05% of the world total Coffee Industry Board

4. Map of Producing Areas Coffee Industry Board

5. Coffee plant Coffee Industry Board

6. Coffee Impact on The Environment Sector Impact NurseryChemicals, Packaging Farm Soil erosion, Chemicals, Deforestation, ProcessingWaste Generation & Disposal Coffee Industry Board

7. Coffee berries Coffee Industry Board

8. Nursery • Four Registered Nurseries • Disposal of Poly-bags major impact • Introduce Biodegradable potting bags Coffee Industry Board

9. Coffee seedlings in a Nursery Coffee Industry Board

10. Farm • Chemicals – Pesticides & Fertilizers • IPM Approach to Pest Control • Promote Organic Fertilizer & Better Application Technique Coffee Industry Board

11. Coffee Farm Utilizing Shade Trees Coffee Industry Board

12. NUTRIENT RECYCLING Coffee Industry Board

13. Fertilizers • 80% of Pulp Recycled as Compost • Sub-surface Application • Soil & Leaf Analysis • Leguminous Shade Coffee Industry Board

14. Integrated Pest Management • Field Sanitation • Physical Control – Traps • Biological Control (Cephalonomia stephanoderis) • Chemical Control as last resort • Over 60% Reduction in Endosulfan Coffee Industry Board

15. Brocap traps – an example of physical control Coffee Industry Board

16. EnvironmentalCodes of Practice Coffee Industry Board

17. DRIVERS • Public pressure • International Convention/Agreement • CIB’S corporate responsibility • Non-Tariff Trade Barriers • Environmental regulation e.g. NEPA, PCA • Greater environmental awareness • Environmental Action Programme (ENACT) Coffee Industry Board

18. Best Practices • Resources Conservation – ‘Ecoefficiency” • Pollution Prevention (Not Clean Up!) • Disaster mitigation Planning • Environmental reporting Coffee Industry Board

19. ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO NOT: • Use fire to clear land • Remove plant cover from gullies and river banks near your plot • Clog up gullies with farm rubbish • Plant coffee close to rivers • Plant coffee on steep slopes (350 or more) • Build roads and trails close to rivers or gully banks Coffee Industry Board

20. ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO NOT: • build roads and trails during the rainy season • Use banned chemicals • Use more chemical than recommended dump • Dump chemicals and chemical containers in rivers or gullies • Wash spray equipment and protective clothing in rivers Coffee Industry Board

21. ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO : • Leave at least 30 trees on each acre • Keep plant cover along roads, gullies and river banks • Conserve soil by using contour barriers, check dams • Slope farm roads with the contour of the land • Maintain farm roads and keep drains clear Coffee Industry Board

22. ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO : • Use only approved chemicals in amounts recommended • Spray early morning or late afternoon when wind is low • Puncture empty chemical containers and bury them in holes at least 18 inches deep • Always wear protective clothing when spraying and store unused chemicals safely Coffee Industry Board

23. “PROTECT YOUR ENVIRONMENT… SECURE YOUR INVESTMENT.” Coffee Industry Board