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Welcome to Science 10/1

Welcome to Science 10/1. Update your grade sheet. If you need help with a grade you need to ask. Then use your book to complete the Ch. 8 Section 2 Notes. I. Earthquake Measurement. A. What information do scientists try and figure out after an earthquake? When and where it started.

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Welcome to Science 10/1

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  1. Welcome to Science 10/1 • Update your grade sheet. If you need help with a grade you need to ask. Then use your book to complete the Ch. 8 Section 2 Notes.

  2. I. Earthquake Measurement • A. What information do scientists try and figure out after an earthquake? • When and where it started. • http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsus/

  3. II. Locating Earthquakes • How do we locate EQ’s? • A. Seismographs- instrument that records the motion of seismic waves http://www.suu.edu/faculty/colberg/Hazards/Earthquakes/17_Seismo/17_Seismo.html • B. Seismogram- tracing of an earthquakes seismic waves by a seismograph • http://www.iris.edu/hq/files/programs/education_and_outreach/aotm/17/Seismogram_TeleseismicEarthquake.mov

  4. III. When did it happen? • A. earthquakes start when rocks along a fault slip and create seismic waves • BBC News - How earthquakes happen

  5. IV. Where did it happen? A. epicenter- point on Earth’s surface directly above an EQ’s starting point. B. focus- point inside Earth where an earthquake begins Fig. 16.4 - Focus of an Earthquake

  6. Where did it happen? • How does knowing the epicenter of EQs help seismologist predict future EQs? • Gap Hypothesis- EQs are more likely to happen in areas along faults that have not had EQs recently.

  7. V. Measuring Earthquake Strength • A. Why do scientists and public officials want to know how strong earthquakes are? • So they can prepare for future EQs.

  8. VI. The Richter Scale A. Richter Scale- used to measure EQ strength B. Magnitude- The amount of energy an earthquake has. C. Magnitude- number given to an earthquake based on its seismic waves

  9. Assignment • To find the distance to epicenter: The P-wave and S-wave are separated by 4:05 (4 minutes, 5 seconds). You need to find a spot on the graph where the P-line and the S-line are separated by 4:05 . • Take a scrap piece of paper, line it up along the left edge of the chart. • Put a small tick mark on your scrap paper at zero, and a small tick mark at 4:05 . • Slide the scrap paper up along the chart until the two tick marks just touch the P and S lines. BE SURE THAT YOUR SCRAP PAPER IS PERFECTLY STRAIGHT UP AND DOWN (use the lines on the grid as a guide). • Now that you have found the right spot on the graph, drop a line straight down to the bottom of the graph to read the distance- 2,600km.

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