Animal Science I: Introduction to Animal Science

1. Animal Science I:Introduction to Animal Science Terms of the animal science industry Major breeds of the of the animal science industry

2. Livestock Terms

3. ORIGIN OF CATTLE • Bos taurus- European cattle • Bos indicus- Humped cattle from tropical countries. • India • First brought to the U.S. by Columbus

4. Cattle Bos taurus Bos indicus

5. ORIGIN OF CATTLE • Major growth of large herds in great plains states because of grazing. • Midwest and north central states became the main area for finishing cattle because of grain.

6. US Cattle Finishing Grazing

7. ORIGIN OF SWINE • Sus scrofa and Sus vittatus. • Chinese were first to tame pigs • Brought to new world by Columbus • DeSoto took hogs westward • Midwestern cornbelt states became largest hog producing area

8. Swine Sus scrofa Sus vittatus

9. ORIGIN OF SHEEP • One of the first animals tamed by humans • Brought to new world by Columbus • Used by colonists mainly for wool • Northeast and Western states are main sheep producing areas

10. Sheep 4000 BC

11. ORIGIN OF GOATS • Pasang and Grecian Ibex- Wild goats found in Asia Minor • Goats brought to new world for milk and hair

12. Goats Western Asia

13. ORIGIN OF HORSES • Evolved from Eohippus • First tamed in Asia or Persia • Brought to new world by Columbus • Horses were left behind by explorers • Brought to new world for work animals

14. Horses Asia and Persia

15. ORIGIN OF POULTRY • Gallus gallus- Wild jungle fowl, ancestor of tame chickens • Turkeys were probably tamed by people originally living in America

16. Poultry Egypt India and China North America

17. Beef Cattle Breeds

18. Angus

19. Beef Breeds • Angus • Black • Polled • Originated in Scotland • It is the most “registered” purebred • High in carcass quality

20. Hereford

21. Beef Breeds • Hereford • Red and White face • Horns • Originated in England • Docile • Gentle temperament • Good foragers • Efficient converters of forage crops

22. Charolais

23. Charolais

24. Beef Breeds • Charolais • White to light straw colored • Naturally Horned • Breeding-up has created polled animals • Large framed • Originated in France

25. Brahman

26. Brahman

27. Beef Breeds • Brahman • Light Gray to Black or Red • Originated in India • Pronounced hump • Loose Dewlap • Insect tolerant • Disease tolerant

28. Polled Hereford

29. Polled Hereford • Developed from the horned Hereford breed • Originated in 1901 • Warren Gammon • Des Moines, Iowa

30. Limousin

31. Limousin • Native to the south central part of France • Golden-red cattle

32. Beefmaster (Bull)

33. Beefmaster • Developed from: • Brahman • Hereford • Shorthorn • Developed by Ed Lasater in 1908

34. Shorthorn

35. Texas Longhorn

36. Chianina (pronounced kee-a-nee-na)

37. Dairy Breeds

38. Holstein

39. Dairy Breeds • Holstein • 90% of the dairy cattle in the US • Black and white • Leading producer of milk • Produce about 18,000 lbs. Of milk per cow per year

40. Jersey

41. Guernsey

42. Other Dairy Breeds • Jersey • Cream to light fawn to almost black • Number one in milk fat • Guernsey • Fawn and white • Ayrshire • Cherry red and white • Brown Swiss • Solid brown

43. Ayrshire

44. Brown Swiss

45. Swine Breeds

46. American Landrace

47. American Landrace • White • Long Body • Big loped forward ears • Large litters • Good mothering ability • Originated in Denmark

48. Duroc

49. Duroc • Red • Drooped ears • Good growth rate • Excellent feed conversion

50. Hampshire