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Psikologi Sosial 2

Psikologi Sosial 2. Teori Medan S umber : Social Psychology, Roy F. Baumeister Florida State University & Brad J. Bushman University of Michigan VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands & Teori-teori Psikologi Sosial , Prof Dr Sarlito WS.

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Psikologi Sosial 2

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  1. PsikologiSosial 2 TeoriMedan Sumber : Social Psychology, Roy F. BaumeisterFlorida State University & Brad J. Bushman University of MichiganVU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands & Teori-teoriPsikologiSosial , Prof DrSarlito WS

  2. Social psychology is concerned with the effect of other people (real or imagined) on our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. • These three dimensions or building blocks of social psychology are known as the ABC triad (see ▶ FIGURE 1.1)

  3. The A stands for Affect (pronounced 'af-ekt; note that this word is a noun, not a verb, which is pronounced ə-'fekt)—how people feel inside. Social psychologists are interested in how people feel about themselves (e.g., self-esteem), how they feel about others (e.g., prejudice), and how they feel about various issues (e.g., attitudes).

  4. The B stands for Behavior—what people do, their actions. Social psychologists are interested in all the various behaviors people engage in, such as joining groups, helping others, hurting others, working, playing, relax- ing.

  5. The C stands for Cognition—what people think about. Social psychologists are interested in what people think about themselves (e.g., self-concept), what they think about others (e.g., forming impressions), and what they think about various problems and issues in the social world (e.g., protecting the environment).

  6. And as Kurt Lewin suggested many years ago, social psychologists are concerned about the effects of personal and situational influences on these ABCs. • Social psychology focuses especially on the power of situations. That is, when trying to explain some pattern of behavior, the first place social psychologists generally look is to the situation. • In this focus, social psychology departed from two powerful traditions in psychology.

  7. Social psychology emphasizes how people react to the world around them and how small changes in their immediate circumstances can produce substantial changes in behavior.

  8. Another important feature of social psychology is that it embraces the scientific method. Most social psychologists conduct experiments, which are careful and systematic ways of testing theories. • Ada banyak cara untukbelajartentangorang-orang, seperti membaca novel, menontonorang-orangdibandara, yangtinggaldiluarnegeri, atauberbicaradengan teman-teman selama berjam-jampadasuatuwaktu. Semuapendekatantersebutdapatmenghasilkanpelajaranyangberharga, tetapimetodeilmiahmemilikikeunggulanpentingatasmereka. Secarakhusus, sulituntukmengetahuiapakahpemahamanyangdiperolehdari membaca novelataumemperhatiakanorang-orangdisekitar, mana yanglebihtepat.

  9. The scientific method is the most rigorous way of sorting out the valid lessons from the mistaken ones.

  10. Psikologi Gestalt Teori Medan

  11. PenggunaanmetodeKonstruktif

  12. PenggunaanmetodekonstruktifsebagaiciriTeoriLapanganselaluharusPsikologisdanharuslahdilakukandengancaraobyektifartinyasituasiterjadiharusdipandangdarisudutsipelakuPenggunaanmetodekonstruktifsebagaiciriTeoriLapanganselaluharusPsikologisdanharuslahdilakukandengancaraobyektifartinyasituasiterjadiharusdipandangdarisudutsipelaku • Inisebagairesponpadabehaviorisme yang yang subyektif

  13. Teorilapanganharusberawaldarisituasisebagikeseluruhan (totalitas)  kemudianbaru di analisisterhadapmasing-masingelemensecarakhusus

  14. Tingkahlakuharusdianalisisdalamrangka “lapangan” padasaattingkahlakuterjadi. • Tidakperlupendekatanhistoris tidakperlumenghubungkandenganmasalalusepertiPsikoanalisa • (inibisadiartikansebagaipengeruh Gestalt yang ‘ahistoris’, - yang menjelaskanbagaimanasampaisituasitertentuterjadi – masalalusudahberlalu- masalaluyang masihtertinggaldisebutlapangankehidupan)

  15. KonsepdasarTeoriLapangan (1) LapanganKehidupan • Lapangankehidupansuatukelompokadalahkelompokitusendiriditambahlingkungantempatkelompokituberada

  16. KonsepdasarTeoriLapangan (2) Tingkahlakudanlokomosi • Tingkahlakuadalahlokomosi yang berartiperubahanataugerakanpadalapangankehidupan • Komunikasiantaraduawilayahmenimbulkanketegangan(tension) danmemunculkankebutuhan(need). • Jikaadahambatan(barrier) bisamenimbulkandaya(force)

  17. KonsepdasarTeoriLapangan (3) Daya (Force) • Jikajumlahdaya (resultante force) yang terkumpulmelewatititik ‘nol’, makaakanterjadilokomosi RM –terjangkau—didatangi (lokomosi) RM--tidakterjangkai– tidakterjadilokomosiatauhanyaperubahankognitif (kesadaran)

  18. KonsepdasarTeoriLapangan (4) Ketegangan (Tension) – Zeigarnik 1927 • Jika orang harusmenyelesaikantugas (yang menantang), begitu orang menerimatugas, akanmengalamiketegangantertentu. • Jikatugasselesaimakaketegangan pun mereda • Jikaditengahmenyelesaikantugastiba-tibadihentikan, makaketeganganmasihakanadasampaiadasesuatu yang meredakan.

  19. Selesai

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