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Radioactivity

Radioactivity. Pg. 35. Radioactivity. Reactions which involve a change in an atom’s nucleus are called nuclear reactions. Radioactivity- the spontaneous emission of radiation (rays and particles) By emitting radiation, atoms of one element can change into atoms of another element.

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Radioactivity

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  1. Radioactivity Pg. 35

  2. Radioactivity • Reactions which involve a change in an atom’s nucleus are called nuclear reactions. • Radioactivity- the spontaneous emission of radiation (rays and particles) • By emitting radiation, atoms of one element can change into atoms of another element. • Happens because of unstable nuclei

  3. Radioactive Decay • Spontaneous process (doesn’t require energy) • Nuclei change until there is a stable product. • Half-life- the time it takes for ½ of a radioactive isotope to decay into its stable products. • Ex. If gallium has a half-life of 68.3 minutes, how much of a 10.0 mg sample is left after 1 half life? After 136.6 minutes? After 3 half-lives?

  4. Types of Radiation • Alpha radiation-  • Beta radiation-β • Gamma radiation- γ

  5. Alpha Radiation • Particle deflected toward a negatively charged plate • Alpha particles ( ) • Equivalent to a helium-4 nucleus • Decay equation: • Represented by a nuclear equation

  6. Beta Decay • Deflected toward a positive plate • Fast moving electrons ( ) • Beta decay results in the creation of a new atom

  7. Gamma Radiation • High-energy radiation that possess no mass and are denoted by the symbol 0 0 • Not deflected when passed through a plate • Usually accompany alpha decay

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