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JT-60U diagnostics

JT-60U diagnostics. Infra-red Camera for Divertor Plate. [Objectives] Surface temperature of the divertor tiles are measured by Infrared camera system in order to calculate heat flux density to the divertor tiles [Detectors, Diagnostic Method]

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JT-60U diagnostics

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  1. JT-60U diagnostics

  2. Infra-red Camera for Divertor Plate • [Objectives] • Surface temperature of the divertor tiles are measured by Infrared camera system in order to calculate heat flux density to the divertor tiles • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • The Infrared camera views divertor tiles by the optics which consists of a convex mirror and a concave mirror. For the experiment with W-shaped divertor, started in June 1997, the mirror optics and the P1 diagnostics port were modified to view the divertor tiles at P17 section tangentially. • The vacuum window is made of sapphire, since a detector inside the Infrared camera of this system is sensitive to 2 - 5 micron, • [Specification] • Time resolution 50 ms • Temperature range 100 degree C -1200 degree C • Spatial resolution < 1 cm

  3. Infrared TV Camera for Ripple Loss Measurement[1] K. Tobita et al., 'Infrared TV measurement of fast ion loss on JT-60U', Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 66, 594 (1995).[2] K. Tobita et al., 'Ripple induced fast ion loss and related effects in JT-60U', Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 35, 1585 (1995). • [Objectives] • Ripple of the toroidal magnetic field causes the radial transport of fast ions, resulting in heat deposition on the first wall. This excursion of fast ions is called ripple loss. An infrared TV camera viewing the wall helps to measure the ripple loss and to study the physics of the loss. • [Diagnostic Method & Specifications] • Measure the wall temperature using an infrared TV camera with • temperature resolution of 0.3 degree, • spatial resolution of ~ 1cm, and • time resolution of 16.7 ms (standard TV image; 60 fields/s).

  4. Hard x-ray pluse height analysis(1) T.Kondoh et al., "Absorption profile estimation of Lower HybridWaves from the hard x-ray and soft x-ray response", Review of JT-60U experimental results from March to October, 1991, JAERI-M 92-073, 300(1991).(2) S.Ide et al., "Enhencement of absorption of lower hybrid wave by filling the spectral gap", Physical Review Letters, Vol.73 2312 (1994). • [Objectives] • Radial profile and energy distribution of fast electrons produced by lower hybrid waves are measured. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Seven channel sodium-iodide (NaI(Tl)) scintillator-photomultiplier combination is employed to measure the x-ray spectra from 80 keV to 1000 keV. • Detectors are shielded by 23 cm of lead and 50 cm polyethylene to reduce the back-ground gamma-rays. • [Specifications] • time resolusion : 50 ms (spectra), 1 ms (count) • energy range : 80 - 1000 keV • position : P-1 section, IN-2A-c port (poloidal array :7 channel) • : P-7 section, R-9-c port (counter-tangential :1 channel) • : P-8 section, R-6-e port (co -tangential :1 channel) • etector : NaI(Tl) 5.08 cm in diameter, 5.08 cm in length

  5. Thomson scattering system using ruby lasers[1] H. Yoshida, et al., "JT-60U Thomson scattering system with multiple ruby lasers and high spatial resolution for high electron temperature plasma measurement ", JAERI-Research 96-061; 1996, 20p. [2] H. Yoshida, et al., "Beam Combiner for Transient Phenomena Measurement in the JT-60 Thomson Scattering Diagnostic", Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 66, 143~147 (1995).[3] H. Yoshida, et al., "Quantitative method for precise, quick and reliable alignment of collection object fields in the JT-60U Thomson scattering diagnostic", Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 68, 1152~1161 (1997).[4] H. Yoshida, et al., "Approach to a window coating problem by in-situ transmission monitoring and laser blow-off cleaning developed in the JT-60U Thomson scattering system", Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 68, 256~257 (1997).[5] H. Yoshida, et al., "Solution for a window coating problem developed in the JT-60U Thomson scattering system", JAERI-Research 96-062; 1996, 25p. [6] O. Naito, et al., "Analytic formulation for fully relativistic Thomson scattering spectrum", Phys. Fluids B Vol. 5, 4256~4258 (1993).[7] O. Naito, et al., "Relativistic incoherent Thomson scattering spectrum for generalized Lorentzian distributions", Phys. Plasmas Vol. 3, 1474~1476 (1995).[8] O. Naito, et al., "A formula for reconstructing fully relativistic electron distributions from incoherent Thomson scattering data", Phys. Plasmas Vol. 4, 1171-1172 (1997).[9] H. Yoshida, O. Naito, O. Yamashita, S. Kitamura, T. Sakuma, Y. Onose, H. Nemoto, T. Hamano, T. Hatae, A. Nagashima, and T. Matoba, "Multilaser and high spatially resolved multipoint Thomson scattering system for the JT-60U tokamak", Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 70, 751~754 (1999).[10] H. Yoshida, O. Naito, T. Sakuma, S. Kitamura, T. Hatae, and A. Nagashima, "A compact and high repetitive photodiode array detector for the JT-60U Thomson scattering diagnostic", Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 70, 747~750 (1999).[11] O. Naito, H. Yoshida, S. Kitamura, T. Sakuma, and Y. Onose, "How many wavelength channels do we need in Thomson scattering diagnostics?", Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 70, 3780~3781 (1999).

  6. YAG laser Thomson scattering system[1] T.Hatae et al., "First operation results of YAG laser Thomson scattering system on JT-60U", Fusion Engineering and Design 34-35 621-624 (1997).[2] T.Hatae et al., "YAG laser Thomson scattering diagnostic on JT-60U", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70 772-775 (1999).

  7. Target Langmuir probe array for W-type divertor[1] N. Asakura, et al., Journal of Nuclear Materials, 196-198 (1992) pp.1069-1073. [2] K. Itami, et al., Nucl. Fusion Supplement (proc. 14th Int.Conf. Plasma Physics & Controlled Research, Wurzburg, 1992), Vol.I (IAEA, Vienna, 1993) pp.391-404. [3] K. Itami, et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 36 (1994) A177-A182. [4] N. Asakura et al., Nuclear Fusion, 35 (1995) pp.381-398. [5] N. Asakura et al., Nuclear Fusion, 36 (1996) pp.795-812. [6] A. Kumagai et al.,Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 39 (1979) pp.1189-. For W-shaped divertor study[7] N. Asakura et al., Journal of Nuclear Materials, 266-269 (1999) pp.182-188. [8] N. Asakura et al., Nuclear Fusion, 39 (1999) pp.1983-1994. • [Objectives] • Target Langmuir (electrostatic) probe array is a crucial diagnostics to measure target plasma parameters such as electron temperature (Te) and electron density (ne). • Profiles of ion saturation current (Isat), electron temperature (Te) and floating potential (Vf) at the divertor target are measured directly. • Quantitative studies of a cold and dense divertor and detached divertor plasmas have been accomplished. • SOL/divertor plasma density and temperature are evaluated using an interpretative divertor code based on the Langmuir probe data. These SOL/divertor plasma data are also used for transport studies of neutrals and impurities such as carbon ions. • [Specification] • Langmuir probes are mounted on the divertor target tiles. • Shape : All Dome-type, 6 mm diameter, 1.3 mm protruded. • Materials : Carbon Fiber Composite. • Type : Single-probe arrays (inboard 9 and outboard 9 ): • routinely provided in 0.1s time resolution. • Additional Sigle-probe arrays (inboard 6 and outboard • 6 poloidal locations) were newly installed, and they are • used for fast sampling divertor probes (1-10ms resolution). • Position : P-3 section • Spatial separation : 2.5-3.5 cm

  8. Da/Ha emission • [Objectives] • Poloidal profiles of Da/Ha emission (656.3nm) originated from neutral dutrium/hydrogen in the edge plasma are measured. • [Specification] • - Detector : 24 sets of Photomultiplier tubes with bandpass filter (FWHM : 0.8 nm) • - Time resolution and window of sampling : • Slow Sampling (24ch) : 1ms / 0s -> 15s • Fast Sampling (16ch) : 0.1ms / 3.5s ->10.0s (default) • [raw data : 128k data at 0.05ms ~ 0.005ms sampling for each channel] • - Position : P-5 section (poloidal array) and P-7 section (vertical port) • - Spacial resolution : 5~10cm (poloidal array), ~20cm (vertical port)

  9. Neutron Monitor(1) T. Nishitani, et al., "Absolute Calibration of the JT-60 Neutron Monitors Using a 252Cf Neutron Source", Rev. Sci. Instrum., Vol. 63 (1992) 5270. • [Objectives] • In the deuterium plasma, 2.5 MeV neutrons are generated by d(d, n)He-3 reactions. The neutron emmision rate is the most important parameter to indicate the fusion performance. The neutron monitor measure the absolute neutron emission rate with high temporal resolution. • [Detectors] • U235 fission chamber with 5 cm-thick polyetheylene modelator • U238 fission chamber with 5 cm-thick lead gamma-ray shield • [Specifications] • ime resolution : 1 ms • ianamic range : 0 ~ 105 counts/s (pulse counting mode) • 104 ~109 counts/s (Campbelling mode) • nergy range : 0.55 eV~ 15 MeV (U235) • > 1 MeV (U238) • osition : In front of the horizontal port in P-3, P-7and P-13 sections. • etector : A set of U235 and U238 fission chambers • [Calibration] • The relation between the toral neutron emission rate and the detector output was calibrated by scaning the Cf-252 neutron source on the plasma axis inside the vacuum vessl.

  10. FAST IONIZATION GAUGE • [Objectives] • Measurement of the neutral gas fluxes into the divertor region, pumping duct, and the outside midplane in the presence of strong magnetic fields • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Linear tetrode with hot cathode • (similar to the usual ionization gauges) • Chopping emission current to pick up the minute ion current • (related to the concept of lock-in amplifier) • Installed eleven gauges in the vacuum vessel • [Specifications] • Measurable range : from ultra high vacuum to several Pascal • Vessel temperature : up to 400C • Magnetic fields : up to 5.4 Tesla • Time response : 3 - 4 ms (determined by conductance) • Chevron in front of gauge head • : to avoid plasma exposure • : to provide thermalization of particles

  11. Fiber Optics for Zeff measurement (Vertical) • [Objectives] • To measure intensity of visible bremsstrahlung for determination of Zeff • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Light collected by a lens is transmitted by optical fibers from the torus hall to a diagnostic room. • The light from the optical fibers passes an interference filter and is detected with a photomultiplier. • [Specification] ime resolution : 100 ms • avelength : 523.1 ?/FONT> 0.5 nm • osition : P-4 U2 upper-port

  12. Interferometer in Divertor Region • [Objectives] • To measure the line integral electron density in the divertor region. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • A mm-wave interferometer with two probing frequencies using heterodyne detection. • [Specification] • Source frequencies : 217 and 183 GHz • Source power : 11 (217GHz) and 15 (183GHz) mW • Measuring chords : 3 chords • Position : P-4 section, U1-2A and U2-2A ports

  13. O-mode Reflectometer • [Objectives] • The 3ch O-mode reflectometer is designed for density fluctuation measurement. The targets of the reflectometer system are the change of fluctuation level, correlation and position of the cutoff layer, during formation of the transport barrier, H-L and L-H transition, ELM and MARFE activities. • [Diagnostic Method] • The O-mode reflectometer is configured as a heterodyne system having two separate sources. The probe beams from oscillators are launched to the plasma through the corrugated waveguide, which is shared between X-mode and O-mode reflectometer. Two IF (Intermediate Frequency) signals with the frequency of 140 MHz are produced, one comes from plasma and the other is used as a reference. The quadrature-type phase detection system provides sin- and cosine-components of reflected signal in each channel. Therefore, we can analyze both of the phase and amplitude of reflected signals. • [Specifications] • The measured position (cutoff position) in O-mode propagation depends only on the electron density. To cover target plasma region, 3 frequencies in Q-band are chosen. • - Cutoff density : 1.4x1019m-3 (34GHz), 1.4-2.0x1019m-3 (34-40GHz), 2.8-3.1x1019m-3 (48-50GHz) • - Time resolution : 1 micro sec (Typical) • - Toroidal position : P-5 section, midplane port (Z=0.1m)

  14. X-mode ReflectometerK. Shinohara et al, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70, 4246 (1999) • [Objectives] • The target of X-mode reflectometer is to measure the fluctuation and its correlation in the core region, especially in the internal transport barrier, ITB, region of high performance plasma. • [Diagnostic Method] • The reflectometer consists of four channels, two of which operate in fixed frequency and the other two channels are tunable. The frequencies of the launched waves are 102 and 117 GHz for the fixed frequency channels, and 109.5 f bank GHz, where f bank = 2.73, 5.28, 6.37, 6.93 and 7.27 GHz, for the variable channels. The tunable channels can step through the five frequencies in each 60 ms. The correlation of the fluctuations is determined from the correlation between fixed and variable frequency channels and the radial profile of the correlations can be measured every 60 ms in a discharge. The polarization of the launched wave is the extraordinary mode, X-mode, in order to obtain a high space resolution and to access the high field side of the magnetic axis. A quadrature phase detection is used, thus we can measure the complex amplitude of the reflected wave. • [Specifications] • - Time resolution : 1 micro sec • - Toroidal position : P-5 section, midplane port

  15. Charge exchange recombination spectroscopyY. Koide, A. Sakasai, Y. Sakamoto, H. Kubo and T. Sugie, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 119 (2001) • [Objectives] • Measurement of ion temperature, toroidal & poloidal rotation velocities and impurity density. • [Principle] • Neutral atom (H0) and impurity ion (Aq+) undergo a charge transfer that leaves the product ion in an excited state. • H0 + Aq+ --> H+ + [A(q-1)+]* • In usual JT-60U discharges, the source of neutral atom is a neutral beam for the plasma heating, and the reaction with C6+ is used for this measurement. This is because carbon is one of intrinsic impurities and they are fully stripped throughout the plasma volume. Emissions are excited at wavelengths long enough for making accurate Doppler broadening and shift measurements. • [Diagnostic Method] • One of heating beams NB #14 is used for this measurement (see figures). Due to the above reaction, carbon ions near the neutral beam emit green light (529.2 nm at n=8-7 transition). The light is collected by a quartz lens onto fiber optics and is transmitted to spectrometers in the diagnostic room; then the spectrum is detected by an intensified CCD cameras for the subsequent analysis of Doppler broadening (--> temperature), Doppler shift (--> rotation velocity) and its area (--> impurity density). According to the ionization balance, there are C5+ ions in the edge region, which can emit at the same transition due to direct excitation by electrons (not by neutral beams). Therefore it is important to separate the spectrum by beam excitation from that by electron excitation. In order for this, CXRS system in JT-60U has an exclusive optics for the background spectrum. • [Specifications] • Number of channels toroidal : 23 poloidal : 36 • Spatial resolution toroidal : 5 cm poloidal : 0.8/1.5 cm • Time resolution 16.7 ms

  16. Tangential Fiber Array for Zeff measurementH. Kubo, et al., "Impurity generation mechanism and remote radiative cooling in JT-60U divertor discharges", J. Nucl. Mater. 196 - 198 (1992) 71. • [Objectives] • To measure intensity of visible bremsstrahlung for determination of Zeff • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Light collected by a lens is transmitted by optical fibers from the torus hall to a diagnostic room. • The light from the optical fibers passes interference filters and are detected with photomultipliers. • [Specification] • time resolution : 100 ms • spatial resolution : 20 cm (9 ch.) • wavelength : 523.1 ?/FONT> 0.5 nm • position : P-5 side port

  17. VUV Doppler broadening measurement • [Objectives] • To measure ion temperature in the divertor region from the Doppler broadening of carbon and oxygen line emission in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) wavelength range. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • VUV line emission from carbon and oxygen ions in the inner divertor region is reflected at an angle of 68degree using a tungsten mirror and is led to a 1.2 m normal incidence VUV spectrometer, which is installed at the ground floor. The Doppler broadening of line emission is measured with the higher order (ex. the 4th order for • C IV 155.08 nm at 620.3 nm) to obtain a high wavelength resolution. • [Specification] • time resolusion : 20 ms/spectrum (1024ch) • wavelength range : 100 - 235 nm • ispersion : 4.54 nm/mm at 610 nm • spatial resolution : about 10 mm (one chord) • position : P-5 section, U1-2a port • detector : Photodiode array (1024ch) + tandem MCP

  18. Grazing Incidence Monochromator • [Objectives] • -Density measurement of light impurities and metallic impurities. • -Study of impurity behavior. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • - Grazing incidence monochromator. • -Spectral lines are detected by a photo multiplier. • -The sensitivity of this monochromator was calibrated by the branching ratio method. • [Specifications] • -Rowland diameter : 3 m • -Wavelength range : 1.5 nm - 130 nm • -Wavelength resolution : ~ 0.02 nm • -Time resolution : 0.05 ms

  19. Laser blow-off system • [Objectives] • To study impurity transport in the main and divertor plasmas by active injection of metal impurity with a laser blow-off. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • High power light from a YAG laser is transferred to a two-lens condenser using a optical fiber light guide with a large diameter quartz fiber. The focused laser spotlight is irradiated metal targets, which are installed inside the JT-60U vacuum vessel. The metal target is evaporated and its vapor is injected to the main and divertor plasmas by absorption of the injected laser energy. • [Specification] • AG laser : Max. 70 J/pulse (duration:10 ms), 1-50 pulses/sec • iber light guide : Quartz fiber, core diameter of 0.4 mm (GI) and 0.6 mm (SI) • osition : P-18 section, IN-1A-a port (to the main plasma) • : P-6 section, R-3-b port (to the divertor plasma) • argets : 1 position (midplane), size 50x10x10 mm/piece, material Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Mo, W,SUS (main) • 3 positions (inner divertor plate, inner baffle plate, dome), size 20x20x19 mm/piece, material Al, Ti, Fe, Ni (divertor)

  20. 14 MeV Neutron Detectors(1) T. Nishitani, M. Hoek, H. Harano,G.A. Wurden, R.E. Chrien, "Triton Burnup Study in JT-60U", Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, Vol. 38 (1996) 355. • [Objectives] • Tritons of 1.0 MeV produced in the d(d,p)t reaction slow down and may undergo a DT fusion reaction, emitting 14 MeV neutron(triton burnup). The behavior of 1 MeV tritons is important to predict the properties of D-T produced 3.5 MeV alphas because 1 MeV tritons and 3.5 MeV alphas have similar kinematics properties. • 14 MeV neutron emission rate is measured for the triton burnup study aiming prediction of the alpha particle behaviors. • [Detectors] • Scintillation fiber detector develped by the Los Alamos National Laboratory • [Specifications] • ime resolution : 10 ms • ynamic range : 0 ~ 107 counts/s • osition : 3 channels in front of the horizontal port of P-9 sections • 1 channel in front of the horizontal port of P-8 section

  21. High-Resolution Visible Spectrometer for DivertorH. Kubo, et al., "High resolution visible spectrometer for divertor study in JT-60U", Fusion Eng. Des. • [Objectives] • To observe line shape for study of behavior of atoms and ions in the divertor region. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Light collected by lenses is transmitted by optical fibers from the torus hall to a diagnostic room. • The light from the optical fibers passes an interference filter of the preoptics to remove the overlapping orders. • The spectrometer is built in Littrow mounting with an echelle grating. • An CCD camera observes the image of the fibers. • [Specification] • avelength resolution : 0.005 nm • ime resolution : 33 ms • patial resolution : 10 cm (10 ch.) • avelength band : 1.1 nm • osition : P-8 upper outside port

  22. Visible spectrometer for divertor • [Objectives] • To observe spectral lines, bands and their spatial profile for study of atomic and molecular processes in the divertor plasmas. • [Diagnostic method] • Emission collimated with lenses is transmitted through 16 optical fibers from the torus hall to a diagnostic room. The light from the optical fibers is dispersed with the spectrometer and the image-intensified CCD camera observes the image of the fibers. • [Specification] • - Spatial resolution : 2-4cm (16ch) • - Gratings : 150g/mm, 600g/mm and 2400g/mm • - Wavelength resolution : 1.3nm, 0.29nm and 0.054nm • - Wavelength band : 150nm, 37nm and 7nm • - Time resolution : 10ms • - Position : P-8 section upper

  23. VUV Spectrometer for Divertor Plasma[1] H. Kubo et al., Nuclear Fusion 33 (1993) 1427. • [Objectives] • mpurity species monitoring for plasma operation. • adiation power measurement of light impurities such as carbon, oxygen and boron in the divertor region. • tudy of impurity generation and behavior in the divertor region. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • lat-field grazing incidence spectrometer with a holographic grating • ormal incidence spectrometer. • pectral lines are detected by a multi-channel detector composed of a micro channel plate (MCP), a fiber plate and a 1024 ch array sensor. • he sensitivity of this spectrometer had been calibrated by a standard light source. • [Specifications] avelength range & Wavelength resolution : 2.5 nm - 130 nm (Grazing incidence spectrometer)

  24. 60-ch Fiber Optics for DivertorH. Kubo, et al., "Spectroscopic study of radiative losses in the JT-60U divertor plasma", Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 37 (1995) 1133. • [Objectives] • To observe intensity distribution of spectral lines and bands for study of behavior of atoms and ions in the divertor region. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Light collected by lenses is transmitted by optical fibers from the torus hall to a diagnostic room. • The light from the optical fibers are split into four components that pass four interference filters. • Four 512-ch image-intensified photodiode arrays observe the image of the optical fibers. • [Specification] • umber of spectral lines or bands to be observed simultaneously : 4 • ime resolution : 100 ms • patial resolution : 10 mm (60 ch.) • avelength band : ~ 1 nm • osition : P-8 upper outside port

  25. Bolometer • [Objectives] • To measure radiation power profile of the main plasma core and the divertor plasma. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • -Array of gold plated on a thin polyimid film bolometers [Bolometer I] looking from several diagnostic port to cover the whole poloidal cross section • -Angle between each viewing cords is ~3degree for the upper half (main plasma) -Increased spatial resolution with 1.2degree ~ 0.7degree for the divertor zone • -To enhance the capability of local measurement near the divertor plate and the x-point bolometers using a mica foil for higher temperature[Bolometer II] have been installed inside the new W-shped divertor chamber on May 1997. • -Bridge amplifiers with DC bias voltage[Bolometer I] and AC voltage with 20 kHz carrier frequency[Bolometer II] • [Specifications] • -Sensitivity : 1-2 1/watt • ( Resitance change per unit power at room temperature) • -Spatial resolution : 5~6 cm in vertical near the plasma center ~3 cm at the divertor region. • -Time resolution : 1 ~ 4 msec.

  26. Charge-exchange neutral particle analyzer up to MeV range(1) Y. Kusama et al., "Charge-exchange neutral particle measurement in MeV energy range on JT-60U", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66(1) 339(1995). • [Objectives] • Measure energy spectrum of charge-exchange neutral particles of energetic alpha particle and hydrogen isotopes (H, D, T) emitted from the plasma. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Energetic neutral particles entering the analyzer are ionized by stripping in a thin carbon foil. The energy and mass of secondary ions are resolved by a combination of magnetic and electrostatic fields (E//B type). Secondary ions are measured with detectors consisting of CsI(Tl) scintillators each connected to a photomultiplier tube (PMT). • Two analyzers have been installed in a vertical and tangential direction. • [Specification] Vertical analyzer Tangential analyzer • aximum energy : 4 MeV for a • 2 MeV for H 4 MeV for a • 4 MeV for H • nergy ratio : 4 3.85 • umber of detectors : 8 8ch • cintillator thickness : 10 mm 2-23 mm • nergy resolution : 6-11% 6-11% • osition : P-12 section P-8 section

  27. CO2 Laser Interferometer(1) Y. Kawano, et. al., "Dual CO2 laser interferometer with a wavelength combination of 10.6 and 9.27mm for electron density measurement on large tokamaks", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67, 1520 (1996). • [Objectives] • Measurement of line electron density at central region of JT-60U plasmas. • [Diagnositic Method] • The interferometer measures the phase shifts of electromagnetic waves of CO2 laser beam. Usually, the phase shift is originated from electron density of a plasma and change in an optical path length of the laser beam. In order to know electron density component, two CO2 laser oscillators which wavelength are different as 10.6 and 9.27 mm are utilized for a compensation of change in optical path length. • [Features] • (1) Toroidal tangent line of sight • To achieve the central density measurement, a tangential beam line in the vaccum vessel is introduced. • (2) Two sets of CO2 laser interferometers • The setup of two interferometers are mostly same to minimize their optical path difference. • (3) Common path mode matching • Three different wavelength laser beams (10.6, 9.27, and 0.633 mm) are propagated for about 50 m in similar Gaussian shape in each other. • (4) Frequency shift of different wavelength lasers by a single AOM • A single acoust-optic modulator (AOM) is used in common for lasers of 10.6 and 9.27 mm to produce IF frequency of heterodyn signal detection. • (5) Very high-Resolution Phase Comparator (VRPC) • A new phase comparator VRPC has been developed for precise density measurement. Phase resolution of the VRPC ( 2p/12800 rad) is more than hundred times better than that of present phase comparator (2p/100 rad). The VRPC will be used routinely from next experimental campaign. • [Specifications] • IF frequency : 2 MHz • time resolution : 10 ms • density resolution : 1~2x1019 m-2 • number of chord : 1 chord (tangential) • port : P8 & P13 section • position : tangent radius =3.11 m

  28. CO2 Laser Polarimeter(1) Y. Kawano, et. al., "Infrared laser polarimetry for electron density measurement in tokamak plasmas", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 1068 (2001). • [Objectives] • Measurement of line averaged electron density along a tangential central chord in JT-60U plasmas. • [Diagnostic Method] • The polarimeter measures the Faraday rotation angles of a linearly polarized CO2 laser wave. Along a toroidally tangential chord, the Faraday rotation angle is approximately proportional to neBt//dl, where ne is the electron density and Bt// is the parallel component of the toroidal magnetic field to the diagnostic chord. Since the Bt// is easily known, ne can be obtained. In principle, polarimetry is more reliable than conventional interferometry because polarimetry does not suffer from fringe jump. • [Features] • (1) Toroidal tangent line of sight • To achieve the central density measurement, a tangential beam line in the vacuum vessel is selected. • (2) Detection of polarization angle • A couple of photoelastic modulators (PEMs) and a polarizer plate are utilized to detect a polarization angle of a CO2 laser wave. • (3) Simultaneous measurement with CO2 laser interferometry • An identical probing laser beam is utilized for both polarimetry and interferometry. Cross calibration between two methods is easily available. • (4) Two-color polarimetry concept • In order to eliminate the Faraday rotation component by vacuum windows from measured signal, two polarimeters with different probing laser wavelength of 10.6 and 9.27 mcm are installed. • [Specifications] • - PEM modulation frequencies : 37 kHz and 50 kHz • - Temporal resolution : 4 ms (Standard) • - Density resolution : ~3x1018 m-3 • - Number of chord : 1 chord (tangential) • - Port : P8 &map; P13 section • - Position : tangent radius =3.11 m

  29. 32 channel optical fiber array viewing divertor region (2-dimensional measurement of the D/H and impurity emission in the divertor) • [Objectives] • To measure poloidal profiles of visible lights emitted from hydrogen isotope and impurities in the divertor region viewing from the side (side view). • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Visible light emitted in the divertor region is transmitted with 32 optical fibers. Light of an optical fiber is divided into five pieces of light and they penetrate the five different interference filters. And they are detected with 32 photomultipliers (fast sampling) and 4 photodiode arrays (slow sampling). • At the same time 60 channel optical fiber array measures the emission profiles in the same region from the other sightlines (top view). The poloidal contours of emissions in the divertor region are constructed by analyzing both emission profiles. • [Specifications] ightlines : 32 • nterference Filters : Ha/Da(656.2nm), Hb/Db(486.1nm), He I(667.8nm), C II(657.9nm), • He II(468.5nm), B II(608.0nm), B III(449.7nm), C III(569.5nm), • C IV(580.1nm), Ne I(640.2nm), CH/CD-band(430.5nm), • Bremsstrahlung(523.1nm) • ime resolution : 160 ms (photomultiplier, 1 wavelength) • 2.8 ms (photodiode array, 4 wavelengths) • patial resolution : about 10 mm above the divertor dome • pot size : about f8 mm above the divertor dome • osition : P-8 section under divertor outboard baffle, U3-2B-a/b port • etector : photomultiplier, photodiode array

  30. Visible TV • [Objectives] • Plasma monitor during discharges to check the plasma position and the clearance between plasma and first wall. • [Diagnostic Method] • Four setes of CCD visible TV cameras are used as a plasma monitor. A high speed camera is employed for the measurement of plasma motion during disruptions. • [Specification] • CCD Visible camera • - Frame rate : 30 frames/sec • - Resolution : 470(horizontal), 350(vertical)

  31. Neutron Fluctuation Monitor • [Objectives] • Measurement of the neutron emission fluctuation for the instability effects on ions. • [Detectors] • Plastics scintillator detector in current mode. • [Specifications] ?Time resolution : 40 micro sec . • ?Energy range : > 0.5 MeV • ?Position : In front of the horizontal port of P-8 sections • ?Detector : 3 inch diam. X 2 inch Plastics scintillator (NE102A)

  32. Soft X-ray intensity profile measurement[Reference] K. Nagashima et al., "Soft X-ray Intensity Profile Measurement by PIN Diode Array System", Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research, Vol.59 supplement (1988) and papers sited therein. • [Objectives] • To observe collective behavior (density, temperature etc.) of electrons and magnetohydrodynamic activity in a high temperature plasma. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Soft X-rays emitted as bremsstrahlung by free electrons in a plasma are detected by two (upper and lower) detector arrays. Each detector array consists of thirty-two PIN diodes and a Beryllium (Be) filter with 200 mm thickness. • Bremsstrahlung is a function of electron density, temperature, and impurity contamination and is sensitive to electron temperature in the energy range of the soft X-ray. Evolution of the soft X-ray intensity profile suggests the collective motion of electrons or magnetohydrodynamic activity in a plasma. • [Specifications] • Detector : PIN diode (HAMAMATSU S3706-SPL 9402) • Energy range : 2.7 - 20 keV • Number of detectors : Upper Array : 32 Channels • : Lower Array: 32 Channels • Time resolution : 80 ms • (Depend on the data acquisition system) • Spatial resolution • : 3 - 5 cm

  33. Reciprocating Langmuir Probe in Divertor Region • [Objectives] • To measure spatial profiles of plasma parameter (electron temperature and density, ion saturation current, floating potential and plasma flow velocity) in the divertor region. • [Specifications] • Langmuir probes: Double probe for Te, ne and ion saturation current measurement, and a floating probe for potential measurement. • (Mach probes): plasma flow velocity is measured by using electrodes at both toroidal sides. • Head and electrodes are made of carbon fiber composite (CFC). • Spatial resolution: 1-2 mm in radial direction. • It has provided high spatially resolved profiles of the local electron temperature (Te) and density (ne) in the divetor region. • Scanning speed: 25cm for ~0.5s (~50 cm/s) • Driving component: a compact pneumatic • cylinder and steel springs.

  34. Neutral Gas Pressure Gauge • [Objectives] • Partial pressure of D2 and He gas under the baffle and around main plasma are measured. • [Diagnostic Method] • Intensity of Da and HeI from penning discharge region depend on partial pressure of D2 and He gasses. Da and HeI emission are guided to the diagnostic hall with optical fiber and measured by photomultiplier tubes with bandpass filter. • [Specification] • ?Detector : Photomultiplier tubes with bandpass filters • ?Time resolution : ~4 ms (Sampling time) • {Pressure response are delayed about 0.1 sec from those in the vacuum vessel, because the guages are placed about 4 m away from vacuum vessel} • ?Position • around main plasma : P-9 section, U1-2&U2-2 port • under the baffle : P-10 U2-2 port

  35. Pellet Monitor • [Objectives] • Pellet-injection is one of particle fuelling method. This measurement is installed in order to follow the trajectory of injected pellet in plasmas by high-speed camera system. Therefore, we can obtain the ablation behaviour of pellet. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Image fiber is installed in the incline port (IN-1C-a) of P-10 section. And observed image is introduced into the high-speed camera system. • [Specifications] • - Frame rate : 1000 frames/sec • - Resolution : 10 mm

  36. Neutron Spectrometers • [Objectives] • Measurement of the DD neutron spectra to investigate the ion velosity distribution function. • [Detectors, Diagnostics Method] • Pulse hight analysis using Gridded He-3 ionization chamber and NE213 liquid scintillator detector. • [Specifications] • time resolution : 100 ms • energy range : Thermal ~ 3 MeV (Gridded He-3 ionization chamber) • 1 ~ 20 MeV (NE213 liquid scintillator detector) • energy resolution : 3% at 2.5 MeV (Gridded He-3 ionization chamber) • 10% at 2.5 MeV (NE213 liquid scintillator detector) • position : Basement under the U2 port of P-10 section.

  37. Collective Thomson scattering diagnostic system[1] T. Kondoh, S. Lee, D.P.Hutchinson, R.K.Richards, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 1143 (2001)[2] T.Kondoh, S.Lee. Y.Miura, J. Plasma Fus. Res.76, 883 (2000) (in Japanese)[3] S. Lee, T. Kondoh, Rev. Sci. Instrum, 71,3718(2000)[4] S. Lee, T. Kondoh, Y. Yonemoto, Y. Miura, Rev. Sci. Instrum, 71, 4445 (2000) • [Objectives] • Though fusion generated alpha particles play an important role in plasma heating and alpha-driven instabilities, an effective measurement method has not been established yet. A collective Thomson scattering diagnostic system using a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has been developed for the purpose of establishing measurement technique of fast alpha particles and ion temperature in a fusion reaction plasma in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratory. • [Diagnostic Method] • Ions do not interact strongly with CO2 laser but collective motion of the electron which is drawn by ions can scatter the laser. Ion velocity distribution is evaluated by measuring Doppler shift of the scattered light of CO2 laser in the plasma. It is necessary to choose a small scattering angle to that a scattering wave length may be larger than Debye length.

  38. Charge Exchange (perpendicular) • [Objectives] • To measure charge-exchange neutral particles which are produced by charge-exchange collision between fast ions and slow neutral patricles and by electron capture collision between fast ions and electrons. • [Diagnostics Method] • A E//B type analyzer with a gas stripping cell is used. It is available to measure simultaneously H & D energy spectra or H & He ones. Particles reionized in the cell are counted with 20 ch micro channel plates detectores after mass-energy separation. • [Specifications] • (1) time resolution : 0.2 to 200 ms • (2) energy range : 0.1 to 500 keV / amu • (3) energy resolution : 3 % to 9 % • (4) max / min energy ratio : 20 • (5) spatial resolution : about 3 cm diameter • (6) detectors : 20 ch MCP for each detecting particles • (7) installed position : viewing vertically from the bottom side of plasma on P-12 port section • (8) neutron & -ray shield : surrounded by maximum 50 cm thich polyethylene and 25 cm thich lead

  39. MSE diagnostics(1) T. Fujita, H. Kubo et al., Fusion Engineering and Design, 34/35 (1997) • [Objectives] • To measure safety factor (q) profiles (current density profiles). • [Principle] • Da or Ha line from a neutral beam (NB) in a plasma is split and polarized due to the motional Stark effect (MSE). The direction of magnetic field, from which the q profile is reconstructed, is obtained with the measurement of the polarization angle. • [Diagnostic Method] • The polarization angle of s component of Da or Ha line from one of the counter-tangential heating neutral beams, called #7, is measured by polarimeters. • The polarimeter consist of mirrors, lenses, a pair of PEMs (photoelastic modulators) and a linear polarizer. • The light is transmitted to detectors in a diagnostics room by fiber-optic bundle cables of 120 m length. • The detector consists of lenses, an interference filter and a photomultiplier. • The output of photomultiplier is split into a 2 kHz low-pass filter and two lock-in amplifiers at the two reference frequencies from the PEMs. • The polarization angles are obtained from the output of lock-in amplifiers. • [Specification] Number of channels : 14 • Spatial resolution : 6-8 cm for the P17 system, 15-26 cm for the P13 system • Time resolution : 10 ms • PEM : aperture size of 10 cm, frequencies of 20 and 23 kHz • Optical fibers : core diameter of 0.4 mm, 24 fibers per each channel. • Interference filter : 0.3 nm FWHM, with a temperature controller to adjust the wavelength. • Photomultiplier : Hamamatsu R943-02 or R943-03 with GaAs photocathode

  40. Electron Cyclotron Emission diagnostic systems [1] M. Sato, S. Ishida, N. Isei, A. Isayama, H. Shirai, T. Oyevaar, M. Teranishi, N. Iwama and K. Uchino : Fusion Engineering and Design 34-35 (1997) 477.[2] M.Sato, H. Yokomizo and A. Nagashima, : Kakuyugo Kenkyu Supplement 59 (1988) 47-71 (in Japanese).[3] S. Ishida, A. Nagashima, M. Sato, N. Isei and T. Matoba : Rev. Sci. Instrum. 61 (1990) 2834-2836.[4] N. Isei, M. Sato, S. Ishida, K. Uchino, A. Nagashima, T. Matoba and T. Oyevaar : Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66 (1995) 413.[5] A. Isayama, N. Isei, S. Ishida and M. Sato : Fusion Eng. Design, 53 (2001) 129. • [Objectives] • In order to obtain the time evolution of the electron temperature with fast time (~ ms) and high spatial (~ cm) resolution for a wide range of JT-60U plasma parameter (Te(0) < 13 keV, ne(0) < 1?/FONT>1020 m-3) with a high toroidal magnetic field (Bt 4.0T at R=3.32m), an ECE measurement system has been developed by the combination of three different instruments[1]: • Fourier transform spectrometer system (FTS) [2], • 20-channel grating polychromator system (GPS) [3], • 12-channel heterodyne radiometer system (HRS) [4][5]. • The main purpose of FTS is to determine whether ECE is emitted from thermal electrons and to obtain an absolutely calibrated measurement of electron temperature profiles. The main purpose of GPS and HRS is the measurement of electron temperature profiles with fast time (~ 1ms) and high spatial (~ 1cm) resolution. The HRS has a better SN ratio than the GPS for electron temperatures below 1keV and above 1keV the GPS is better. • Since diagnostics in a future reactor should be operated continuously and automatically, the systems have been designed to be operated as continuously and automatically as possible. • [Specification] • The main specifications of the ECE system are shown in Table 1. The frequency of measured second harmonic ECE is from 100GHz to 300GHz. The three ECE diagnostics are located in the diagnostic room I, outside the JT-60U concrete shield wall in order to avoid noise due to neutron flux, because the InSb detectors of FTS and GPS are sensitive to neutron flux.

  41. Neutron Activation Measurement(1) M. Hoek, T. Nishitani, Y. Ikeda, A. Morioka, "Initial Results from Neutron Yield Measurements by Activation Technique at JT-60U", JAERI-M 94-002, (1993).(2) M. Hoek, T. Nishitani, M. Carlson, T. Carlson, "Triton Burnup Measurements by Neutron Activation at JT-60U", Nucl. Instrum Methods A368 (1996) 804. • [Objectives] • Shot-integrated measurement of the total and 14 MeV neutron yield for; • ?Fusion performance study • ?Triton burnup study • ?Cross-calibration of the neutron monitor • ?Calibration of 14 MeV neutron detectors • [Detectors, Diagnostics Method] • Metal foil is tranfered to the irradiation point in side the vacuum vessel by a pneumatic tube. After the shot, the foil retured to the measurement station located on the basement. Then the activation gamma from the foil is measured by the High Purity Ge detector. • Reactions Threshold energy (MeV) • 115In(n,n')115In 0.3 • 64Zn(n,p)64Cu 1 • 27Al(n,alpha)24Na 2.5 • 28Si(n,p)28Al 4 • 63Cu(n,2n)62Cu 11.5 • [Specifications] • ?Irradiation Position : Re-entrant port of the horizontal port of P-15 sections • ?Measurement station : Basement • ?Gamma-ray detector : 2 inch diam. x 2 inch hight high-purity Ge detector

  42. FIR Laser InterferometerT.Fukuda and A.Nagashima, "Frequency stabilized single mode cw 118.8mm CH3OH waveguide laser for large tokamak diagnostics" Rev.Sci.Instrum.60(6),June,1989 • [Objectives] • ?Measurement of line integrated electron density • ?Stationary work for real time density feed back • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] ?Laser : CH3OH 118.8mm CW optically pumped by CO2 laser • ?Interferometer : Off axis Michelson, Vibration compensation by HeNe interferometer • ?Detector : Liq.He cooled GeGa • ?Phase discriminator : 2MHz,1/100Fringe resolution by 200MHz clock • [Specification] ?Time resolution : 5 ms • ?Spatial resolution : Vertical 2 chodes (U1 & U2) • ?Line density resolution : 0.94x1017 m-2 • ?Position : P-16 section U1 & U2

  43. VUV Spectrometer for Main Plasma[1] T. Sugie et al., Kakuyugo Kenkyu 59, supplement (1988) 157.[2] H. Kubo et al., Rev. Sci. Instr. 59 (1988) 1515.[3] H. Nagata et al., Nucl. Instrum & Methods A294 (1990) 292. • [Objectives] • impurity species monitoring for plasma operation. • density measurement of light impurities such as carbon, oxygen and boron. • study of impurity behavior. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • lat-field grazing incidence spectrometer with a holographic grating. • spectral lines are detected by a multi-channel detector composed of a micro channel plate (MCP), a fiber plate and a 1024 ch array sensor. • The sensitivity of this spectrometer is calibrated by the branching ratio method relatively. • [Specifications] wavelength range : 0.5 nm - 40 nm • wavelength resolution : l/Dl ?/FONT> 50 (at 5nm) • time resolution : 20 ms

  44. Non-thermal Collective Scattering • [Objectives] • JT-60U collective scattering is one of the most challenging diagnostics in a way that it provides a dispersion relation of plasma waves, which governs the anomalous transport. Detailed analysis of the scattering spectrum in k and w space with theoretical predictions not only helps us to understand the undelying transport physics but also provides a good chance of further improvement of the fusion performance in JT-60U. • [Detectors and Diagnostic Method] • 210 GHz radiation is incident horizontally and reflected back at a graphite corner-cube reflector installed on the inbound wall of the JT-60U vacuum vessel. Scattered fraction at a small angle is collected via a reflector plate to the receiver antenna. The position and the angle of the reflector plate, being capable of controlling with a UNIX workstation, we can scan either the wave vector or the spatial location of the scattering volume during a single discharge. An EIO (Extended Interaction Oscillator) is used as a transmitter and superheterodyne receiver with a forward-tracking technique are emplyed. • [Specifications] • IO performance : 1 W at 210 GHz • ?k-range : 37 m-1 - 1910 m-1 • ?Digitization rate : 20 MHz at 12 bit (VXI data acquisition • system is used) • ?Scan rate : 500 ms over a whole plasma diameter • ?Toroidal position : P-17 section, midplane port

  45. Reciprocating Mach Probe (Midplane)[1] N. Asakura et al., Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol.66 (1995) pp. 5428-5432.[2] N. Asakura et al., Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol.241-243 (1997) pp. 559-563. [3] Y. Ikeda et al., Nucl. Fusion Supplement (proc. 15th Int.Conf. Plasma Physics & Controlled Research, Sevilla, 1994), Vol.I (IAEA, Vienna, 1995) p415. [4] N. Asakura et al., Nuclear Fusion, Vol.39 (1999) pp. 1983-1991. [5] N. Asakura st al., Physical Review Letters, Vol.84 (2000) pp. 3093-3096. • [Objectives] • A fast reciprocating Langmuir (electrostatic) probe system (RPS) has been incorporated into a multi-junction launcher system for Lower Hybrid (LH) wave injection. • Scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma data, i.e. profiles of electron temperature, ion saturation current and floating potential, have been measured in order to investigate the transport mechanism in the boundary region. • In 1998, probe head design was modified from triple probe type (one double probe and one floating probe) to Mach probe type (two double probes and one floating probe) to measure SOL plasma flow along the field lines. The SOL plasma flow and diffusion mechanisms have been studied in the W-shaped divertor. • [Specification] • Langmuir probes : Two double probes for Te, Is measurement at up-stream and down-stream sides of the field lines (i.e. Mach probe), and a floating probe for potential measurement. • Head and 5 electrodes are made of carbon fiber composite (CFC). • Spatial resolution : 1-2 mm in radial direction. • It has provided high spatially resolved profiles of the local electron temperature (Te) and ion saturation current (Is) in the SOL. • Scanning speed : 25cm for ~0.5s (~50 cm/s) • Driving component : a compact pneumatic cylinder and steel springs. • Total mass of the moving components is about 25kg. • Position : P-18 section, midplane LH launcher port

  46. Gamma-ray pluse height analysis(1) T.Kondoh et al., "Gamma-ray measurements in JT-60U ICRF heated plasma", Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research, Vol 72, No.12 1397(1996). • [Objectives] • To measure gamma-ray spectrum originated from nuclear reactions between fast ions and impurity ions. • [Detectors, Diagnostic Method] • Time resolved gamma-ray spectra in an energy range of 0.5 to 20 MeV are measured by a NaI(Tl) scintillator surround by 50 cm thick polyethylene and 30 cm thick lead shield. • Following gamma-rays originated from inelastic collisions have been measured in JT-60U ICRF experiments to identify energy distribution of MeV-energy protons. • (1) p + 20Ne --> p + 20Ne + gamma (1.6MeV) • (2) p + 11B --> p + 11B + gamma (2.1MeV) • (3) p + 12C --> p + 12C + gamma (4.4MeV) • [Specifications] ime resolusion : 50 ms (spectra), 1 ms (count) • patial resolution : about 30 cm at plasma center (depends on collimator) • nergy range : 0.5 - 20 MeV (256 channel) • osition : P-18 section, U2-2a port • etector : NaI(Tl) ,12.7 cm in diameter and 12.7 cm in length

  47. Neutron Emission Profile Monitor • [Objectives] • Measurement of emission profile of 2.45MeV neutron generated by d(d,n)He3 reaction in the deuterium plasma. This measurement is very useful to know the fusion performance and the ion temperature profile. • [Diagnostic Method] • The instrument of Neutron Emission Profile Monitor comprise fan-shaped 6 channel collimator array (2.6m?/FONT>1.3m?/FONT>1.6m) viewing a poloidal cross section. This collimator array is located about 5m away from the center of plasma. The collimator of each channel consists of Polyethylene and lead for shielding against neutron from out of the viewing line of each channel and reduction of gamma-ray backscattered from the external structures of JT-60U device, respectively. • Conventional fast neutron detectors based on NE213 liquid organic scintillator with the good time resolution situated at the end of each collimator channel record neutron emission data, which are stored as time trace in the JT-60 database. • However, since this data is the line-integrated signal along the line-of sights of each channel, the neutron emission profile is estimated by carried out Abel inversion of these dates. • [Detectors] • 1f?/FONT>1 NE213 liquid organic scintillator • [Specifications] • Number of channel : 6 • Time resolution : 10 ms • Position : In front of the above port in P18 section

  48. TC probe (Tangential probe for Plasma Control)N probe (Normal probe for Plasma Control) • [Specification] • TC probe • ?Material of coiling wire : Ceranmic coated Pt wire (0.2mmF) • ?Sheath : Inconel • ?Working temperature : < 500 ?/FONT>C • ?Cross section : 0.32 m2 • ?Frequency Responce : < 10 kHz • N probe • ?Material of coiling wire : Ceranmic coated Pt wire (0.2mmF) • ?Sheath : Inconel • ?Working temperature : < 500 ?/FONT>C • ?Cross section : 0.58 m2 • ?Frequency Responce : < 10 kHz • TC and N probes are installed same poloidal position with slightly separated toroidally.

  49. TM probe (Tangential probe for MHD analyses) • [Specification] • Material of coiling wire : Ceranmic coated Pt wire (0.2mmF) • ?Sheath : Inconel • ?Working temperature : < 500 ?/FONT>C • ?Cross section : 0.118 m2 • ?Frequency Responce : < 250 kHz

  50. Rogowski coil for halo current • [Specification] ?Material of coiling wire : MI (Mineral Insulation) cable (1mmF) • Sheath : Inconel • Working temperature : < 500 ?/FONT>C • Cross section : 0.6 m2/m • Frequency Responce : < 5 kHz

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