Product Line Mix

1. Introduction/Definition Theory Applications Products �Overview�Line �Installation �Calibration �Maintenance�Typical Competition/Analysis Selling Strategies Frequently Asked Questions Sales Support Documentation Introduction/Definition Theory Applications Products �Overview�Line �Installation �Calibration �Maintenance�Typical Competition/Analysis Selling Strategies Frequently Asked Questions Sales Support Documentation

2. Product Line Mix Introduction 45% pH/ORP 20% Conductivity 12% D.O. 8% Turbidity 6% Samplers 3% Suspended Solids/Sludge 2% Residual Chlorine 2% Impeller Flow 2% Other including: �Capacitance Level �Particle Counters �Ultrasonic Flow �Dissolved Ozone �Streaming Potential Introduction 45% pH/ORP 20% Conductivity 12% D.O. 8% Turbidity 6% Samplers 3% Suspended Solids/Sludge 2% Residual Chlorine 2% Impeller Flow 2% Other including: �Capacitance Level �Particle Counters �Ultrasonic Flow �Dissolved Ozone �Streaming Potential

3. What is Open Channel Flow? Open channel flow is defined as flow in any channel or stream in which liquid flows with a free surface. Definition Open channel flow is defined as the flow in any channel or stream in which the liquid flows with a free surface. Examples are rivers, irrigation ditches, canals, flumes and other uncovered conduits. Certain closed channels , such as sewers and tunnels when flowing partially full and not under pressure, are also classified as open channels. Open channels are used in most storm and sanitary sewer systems, sewage treatment plants, many industrial waste applications, and some water treatment plants. Most irrigation water is also distributed in open channels. Definition Open channel flow is defined as the flow in any channel or stream in which the liquid flows with a free surface. Examples are rivers, irrigation ditches, canals, flumes and other uncovered conduits. Certain closed channels , such as sewers and tunnels when flowing partially full and not under pressure, are also classified as open channels. Open channels are used in most storm and sanitary sewer systems, sewage treatment plants, many industrial waste applications, and some water treatment plants. Most irrigation water is also distributed in open channels.

4. What is a U53? A GLI Series 53-based analyzer interfaced to an ultrasonic sensor. Monitors flow by measuring level in association with a standard gauging structure (Weir or Flume). Has built-in library of pre-programmed Weir and Flume types plus user-entered tables for custom designed structures. Introduction The Model U53 Open Channel Flow Monitor is designed to give highly accurate flow and depth measurement for water and wastewater applications. It utilizes ultrasonic sensor technology mated with the popular Series 53 analyzer. A non-contacting level device measures the level in a standard gauging structure such as a weir or flume. A built-in library of pre-programmed weir and flume types as well as user-entry of custom structure tables is standard. The U53�s simple menu-driven operation guides the user through all set-up and monitoring functions and provides a reliable, cost effective flow monitoring package. Introduction The Model U53 Open Channel Flow Monitor is designed to give highly accurate flow and depth measurement for water and wastewater applications. It utilizes ultrasonic sensor technology mated with the popular Series 53 analyzer. A non-contacting level device measures the level in a standard gauging structure such as a weir or flume. A built-in library of pre-programmed weir and flume types as well as user-entry of custom structure tables is standard. The U53�s simple menu-driven operation guides the user through all set-up and monitoring functions and provides a reliable, cost effective flow monitoring package.

5. How Does the U53 Monitor Flow? Measures depth Converts to flow Calculates volume Theory Measures depth, converts to flow, and calculates volume . . . . This sounds simple, but a known relationship (usually non-linear) between the liquid level measurement (head) at some location and the flow rate of the stream needs to be characterized to make it all work! The most commonly used technique of measuring the rate of flow in an open channel is that of hydraulic structures. In this method, flow in an open channel is measured by inserting a hydraulic structure into the channel, which changes the level of liquid in or near the structure. By selecting the shape and dimensions of the hydraulic structure, the rate of flow through or over the restriction will be related to the liquid level in a known manner. The flow rate through the open channel can be derived from a single measurement of the liquid level. This is the basis of the operation of the U53 for measuring open channel flows. Theory Measures depth, converts to flow, and calculates volume . . . . This sounds simple, but a known relationship (usually non-linear) between the liquid level measurement (head) at some location and the flow rate of the stream needs to be characterized to make it all work! The most commonly used technique of measuring the rate of flow in an open channel is that of hydraulic structures. In this method, flow in an open channel is measured by inserting a hydraulic structure into the channel, which changes the level of liquid in or near the structure. By selecting the shape and dimensions of the hydraulic structure, the rate of flow through or over the restriction will be related to the liquid level in a known manner. The flow rate through the open channel can be derived from a single measurement of the liquid level. This is the basis of the operation of the U53 for measuring open channel flows.

6. Gauging Structures All open channel flow monitors measure the depth of water. For better accuracy, depth and flow are created by a weir or flume. Theory The hydraulic structures used in measuring flow in open channels are known as primary measuring devices (or gauging structures) and may be divided into two broad categories�weirs and flumes. Theory The hydraulic structures used in measuring flow in open channels are known as primary measuring devices (or gauging structures) and may be divided into two broad categories�weirs and flumes.

7. What is a Weir? Theory A weir is essentially a dam built across an open channel over which the liquid flows, usually through some type of an opening or notch. Each type of weir has an associated equation for determining the flow rate over the weir. Theory A weir is essentially a dam built across an open channel over which the liquid flows, usually through some type of an opening or notch. Each type of weir has an associated equation for determining the flow rate over the weir.

8. What is a Flume? Theory A flume is a specially shaped open channel flow section with an area and/or slope that is different from that of the channel. This results in an increased velocity and change in the level of the liquid flowing through the flume. A flume normally consists of a converging section, a throat section, and a diverging section. The flow rate through the flume is a function of the liquid level at some point or points in the flume. Theory A flume is a specially shaped open channel flow section with an area and/or slope that is different from that of the channel. This results in an increased velocity and change in the level of the liquid flowing through the flume. A flume normally consists of a converging section, a throat section, and a diverging section. The flow rate through the flume is a function of the liquid level at some point or points in the flume.

9. Weirs and Flumes Common Structures: V Notch Rectangular weir Palmer-Bowlus flume Parshall flume Theory Weirs are gauging structures normally classified according to the shape of the notch. The most common types are the triangular (or V-notch) weir, the rectangular weir, and the trapezoidal (or Cipolletti) weir. The most commonly used types of flumes are Parshall and Palmer-Bowlus flumes. Many other flume types are also available. Theory Weirs are gauging structures normally classified according to the shape of the notch. The most common types are the triangular (or V-notch) weir, the rectangular weir, and the trapezoidal (or Cipolletti) weir. The most commonly used types of flumes are Parshall and Palmer-Bowlus flumes. Many other flume types are also available.

10. Weirs and Flumes Theory Typical weir profiles are illustrated in these cross-sectional views of the most common types�the rectangular, V-notch and trapezoidal. Each type of weir has an associated equation for determining the flow rate through the weir. The equation is based upon the depth of the liquid in the pool formed upstream from the weir. The edge or surface over which the liquid passes is called the crest of the weir. Generally, the top edge of the weir is thin or beveled with a sharp upstream corner so that the liquid does not contact any part of the weir structure downstream, but springs past it. Weirs of this type are called sharp-crested weirs. The stream of water leaving the weir is called the nappe. Theory Typical weir profiles are illustrated in these cross-sectional views of the most common types�the rectangular, V-notch and trapezoidal. Each type of weir has an associated equation for determining the flow rate through the weir. The equation is based upon the depth of the liquid in the pool formed upstream from the weir. The edge or surface over which the liquid passes is called the crest of the weir. Generally, the top edge of the weir is thin or beveled with a sharp upstream corner so that the liquid does not contact any part of the weir structure downstream, but springs past it. Weirs of this type are called sharp-crested weirs. The stream of water leaving the weir is called the nappe.

11. Weirs and Flumes V Notch Weir Theory This illustration gives you a better idea of the flow over a V-notch weir. Note the crest and the nappe of the water springing through the V-notch opening. The discharge rate of a weir is determined by measuring the vertical distance from the crest of the weir to the liquid surface in the pool upstream from the crest. This liquid depth is called the head (h). The head measuring point of the weir should be located upstream of the weir crest a distance of at least three or preferably four times the maximum head expected over the weir (Note the G distance). Theory This illustration gives you a better idea of the flow over a V-notch weir. Note the crest and the nappe of the water springing through the V-notch opening. The discharge rate of a weir is determined by measuring the vertical distance from the crest of the weir to the liquid surface in the pool upstream from the crest. This liquid depth is called the head (h). The head measuring point of the weir should be located upstream of the weir crest a distance of at least three or preferably four times the maximum head expected over the weir (Note the G distance).

12. Weirs and Flumes Rectangular Weir Theory Here is a similar illustration for a rectangular weir. Once the head is known, the flow rate or discharge can be determined using the known head-flow rate relationship of the weir. For a weir of a given size and shape with free-flow, steady-state conditions and proper weir-to-pool relationships, only one depth of liquid can exist in the upstream pool for a given discharge. A weir can be thought of as device for shaping the flow of the liquid to allow a single depth reading that is uniquely related to a discharge (flow) rate. The U53 maintains a library of specific weir profiles that are used to calculate flow rates by measuring this single depth reading. These currently include: V-Notch Weir Rectangular Weir Cipolletti Weir Trapezoidal Weir Theory Here is a similar illustration for a rectangular weir. Once the head is known, the flow rate or discharge can be determined using the known head-flow rate relationship of the weir. For a weir of a given size and shape with free-flow, steady-state conditions and proper weir-to-pool relationships, only one depth of liquid can exist in the upstream pool for a given discharge. A weir can be thought of as device for shaping the flow of the liquid to allow a single depth reading that is uniquely related to a discharge (flow) rate. The U53 maintains a library of specific weir profiles that are used to calculate flow rates by measuring this single depth reading. These currently include: V-Notch Weir Rectangular Weir Cipolletti Weir Trapezoidal Weir

13. Weirs and Flumes Theory Typical flume profiles are illustrated in these cross-sectional views of a common type�the Palmer-Bowlus flume. The flume restricts the flow then expands it again in a definite fashion. The flow rate through the flume may be determined by measuring the head on the flume at a single point, usually a some distance downstream from the inlet. The head-flow rate relationship of a flume may be defined by either test data (calibration curves) or by an empirically derived formula. Theory Typical flume profiles are illustrated in these cross-sectional views of a common type�the Palmer-Bowlus flume. The flume restricts the flow then expands it again in a definite fashion. The flow rate through the flume may be determined by measuring the head on the flume at a single point, usually a some distance downstream from the inlet. The head-flow rate relationship of a flume may be defined by either test data (calibration curves) or by an empirically derived formula.

14. Weirs and Flumes Rectangular Flume Theory This figure illustrates a typical rectangular or Parshall type flume. In general, a flume is used to measure flow in an open channel where the use of a weir is not feasible. A flume can measure a higher flow rate than a comparably sized weir. It can also operate with a much smaller loss of head than a weir, an advantage for many existing open channel flow applications where the available head is limited. Theory This figure illustrates a typical rectangular or Parshall type flume. In general, a flume is used to measure flow in an open channel where the use of a weir is not feasible. A flume can measure a higher flow rate than a comparably sized weir. It can also operate with a much smaller loss of head than a weir, an advantage for many existing open channel flow applications where the available head is limited.

15. Weirs and Flumes Round Bottomed Flume Theory This is a depiction of a typical round bottomed flume. A flume is better suited to the measurement of flows containing sediment or solids because high velocity of flow through the flume tends to make it self-cleaning, reducing deposits of solids. The major disadvantage is that a flume installation is typically more expensive than a weir. It is important to note that the U53 is also supplied with a library of a variety of flume styles and sizes including: �Parshall Flumes �Palmer-Bowlus Flumes �Rectangular Flumes �Round Bottomed Flumes �Khafagi Flumes �Neyrpic Flumes �Leopold-Lagco Flumes Theory This is a depiction of a typical round bottomed flume. A flume is better suited to the measurement of flows containing sediment or solids because high velocity of flow through the flume tends to make it self-cleaning, reducing deposits of solids. The major disadvantage is that a flume installation is typically more expensive than a weir. It is important to note that the U53 is also supplied with a library of a variety of flume styles and sizes including: �Parshall Flumes �Palmer-Bowlus Flumes �Rectangular Flumes �Round Bottomed Flumes �Khafagi Flumes �Neyrpic Flumes �Leopold-Lagco Flumes

16. U53 Sensor Operation How the Ultrasonic Sensor Works . . . Theory An ultrasonic measurement system consists of a sensor mounted above the flow stream that transmits a sound pulse that is reflected by the surface of the liquid. The elapsed time between sending a pulse and receiving an echo determines the level in the channel. Because the speed of sound changes with air temperature, an ultrasonic system must compensate for changes in air temperature, with a temperature probe built into the ultrasonic sensor. Theory An ultrasonic measurement system consists of a sensor mounted above the flow stream that transmits a sound pulse that is reflected by the surface of the liquid. The elapsed time between sending a pulse and receiving an echo determines the level in the channel. Because the speed of sound changes with air temperature, an ultrasonic system must compensate for changes in air temperature, with a temperature probe built into the ultrasonic sensor.

17. U53 Sensor Operation Theory An ultrasonic sensor is easy to install and, because it does not contact the liquid, requires minimal maintenance and is not effected by grease, suspended solids, silt, and corrosive chemicals in the flow stream, and liquid temperature fluctuations. Ultrasonic systems may be affected by wind, steam, and air temperature gradients, and may provide inaccurate results in channels with turbulence or floating foam or debris. As highlighted in the illustration depicted here, the ultrasonic sensor requires space above the flow to mount the sensor to accommodate the blocking distance or dead band (10 inches or 0.25 meter) characteristic of an ultrasonic device. The measured depth is determined through the expression above where the range is compared to the measurable height. Proper installation and start-up are critical to ensure flow measurement accuracy. Theory An ultrasonic sensor is easy to install and, because it does not contact the liquid, requires minimal maintenance and is not effected by grease, suspended solids, silt, and corrosive chemicals in the flow stream, and liquid temperature fluctuations. Ultrasonic systems may be affected by wind, steam, and air temperature gradients, and may provide inaccurate results in channels with turbulence or floating foam or debris. As highlighted in the illustration depicted here, the ultrasonic sensor requires space above the flow to mount the sensor to accommodate the blocking distance or dead band (10 inches or 0.25 meter) characteristic of an ultrasonic device. The measured depth is determined through the expression above where the range is compared to the measurable height. Proper installation and start-up are critical to ensure flow measurement accuracy.

18. Sensor Operational Factors The velocity of sound (V � � T ) is affected by air temperature. Measurement by ultrasonics (sound) must be temperature compensated. To minimize the effect, place the sensor as close as possible to the maximum water height. Ensure the sensor is shaded, if possible. Theory These are additional operational temperature conditions that can affect the performance of the ultrasonic sensor. Other sensor facts: �Speed of sound in air = 741.45 miles/hour @ 32�F (331.45 m/sec @ 0�C) �Echo time for 20 foot (6 meter) range is 36 milliseconds. �Speed is a function of temperature �Vt = V0?(Tt/T0), where T is in degrees Kelvin �Resolution of 0.0394 inches (1 mm) depends on frequency  (75 kHz) Theory These are additional operational temperature conditions that can affect the performance of the ultrasonic sensor. Other sensor facts: �Speed of sound in air = 741.45 miles/hour @ 32�F (331.45 m/sec @ 0�C) �Echo time for 20 foot (6 meter) range is 36 milliseconds. �Speed is a function of temperature �Vt = V0?(Tt/T0), where T is in degrees Kelvin �Resolution of 0.0394 inches (1 mm) depends on frequency (75 kHz)

19. Where�s the Market? Municipal water/wastewater Industrial water/wastewater Applications Increasingly strict legislation and continuing public interest in conservation and environmental matters have emphasized the importance of flow measurement. The majority of recent interest in flow measurement has centered on water quality regulatory requirements. Federal law states that �. . . the purpose of self-monitoring and reporting effluent data is to permit Federal and State regulating agencies to follow on a continuing basis, the discharger�s effluent quality trends as well as specific variation from established limitations.� Local agencies are required by the same legislation to establish a local surcharge on industrial waste to insure that these users pay their �fair share� of the cost of new and existing treatment facilities. Their �fair share� entails the measurement of both the quality and the quantity of industrial discharge. Thus, an economic value has been placed on industrial waste, and it is important for both industrial dischargers and municipalities to be able to measure and record flow data. Applications Increasingly strict legislation and continuing public interest in conservation and environmental matters have emphasized the importance of flow measurement. The majority of recent interest in flow measurement has centered on water quality regulatory requirements. Federal law states that �. . . the purpose of self-monitoring and reporting effluent data is to permit Federal and State regulating agencies to follow on a continuing basis, the discharger�s effluent quality trends as well as specific variation from established limitations.� Local agencies are required by the same legislation to establish a local surcharge on industrial waste to insure that these users pay their �fair share� of the cost of new and existing treatment facilities. Their �fair share� entails the measurement of both the quality and the quantity of industrial discharge. Thus, an economic value has been placed on industrial waste, and it is important for both industrial dischargers and municipalities to be able to measure and record flow data.

20. Municipal Applications Inlet flow monitoring Final discharge monitoring Valve control function Stormwater monitoring Applications Just to highlight a few municipal plant open channel flow measurement possibilities. Applications Just to highlight a few municipal plant open channel flow measurement possibilities.

21. Industrial Applications Process control Consent discharge monitoring Applications Industry must be accountable for the water that flows through their process operation as well as the waste streams that they discharge. Remember, an �economic value� has been placed on industrial waste by regulatory authorities. Applications Industry must be accountable for the water that flows through their process operation as well as the waste streams that they discharge. Remember, an �economic value� has been placed on industrial waste by regulatory authorities.

22. U53/S53 Ultrasonic Flow System Products The U53/S53 Ultrasonic Open Channel Flow Monitoring System represents GLI�s first offering for this important water and wastewater flow marketplace. Products The U53/S53 Ultrasonic Open Channel Flow Monitoring System represents GLI�s first offering for this important water and wastewater flow marketplace.

23. U53 Flow Calculation Calculates volume Two flow totalizers integrate flow with respect to time One totalizer is re-settable and one is not Products In summary, the flow rate or discharge through a weir or flume is usually a function of the liquid level in or near the primary measuring device. The U53 open channel flow meter is a secondary measuring device is used in conjunction with a primary measuring device (gauging structure) to measure the rate of liquid flow in an open channel. The flow measurement system requires both a primary and secondary measuring device to be complete. A weir or flume (primary device) restricts the flow in a controlled manner and generates a liquid level which is related to the flow rate through the device. The U53 open channel flow meter (secondary device) measures this level and converts it into a corresponding flow rate according to the known liquid level-flow rate relationship of the primary device. This flow rate may then be integrated (with respect to time) to calculate a totalized volume. This rate and volume information can then be output to plant control systems or recording devices. Products In summary, the flow rate or discharge through a weir or flume is usually a function of the liquid level in or near the primary measuring device. The U53 open channel flow meter is a secondary measuring device is used in conjunction with a primary measuring device (gauging structure) to measure the rate of liquid flow in an open channel. The flow measurement system requires both a primary and secondary measuring device to be complete. A weir or flume (primary device) restricts the flow in a controlled manner and generates a liquid level which is related to the flow rate through the device. The U53 open channel flow meter (secondary device) measures this level and converts it into a corresponding flow rate according to the known liquid level-flow rate relationship of the primary device. This flow rate may then be integrated (with respect to time) to calculate a totalized volume. This rate and volume information can then be output to plant control systems or recording devices.

24. Features of the U53 Analyzer Built-in library of weir and flume types 15 user-selectable flow measurement units Simple, menu-guided operation Additional displayed parameters Four relays and two 4�20 mA outputs ProductsProducts

25. U53 Analyzer Display Status Line Text and relay status Main Display Flow units Auxiliary Line Volume units Depth units Air temperature Output 1 (4�20mA) Output 2 (4�20mA) ProductsProducts

26. U53 Analyzer Diagnostics Analyzer status Sensor loss Echo loss Excess level Power re-set ProductsProducts

27. U53 Sensor Specifications 75 kHz operating frequency Operating range of 10 inches to 20 feet (0.25 m to 6 m) Dead band of 10 inches (250 mm) Air temp 32�F to 140�F (0�C to 60�C) Rated IP68 with internal temperature sensor Sensor resolution of 0.0394 inches (1 mm) 9 degree sensor beam angle or �cone� Products Sensor specifications are highlighted. Products Sensor specifications are highlighted.

28. Sensor Mounting Installation Sensor mounting hardware part number 3004A0017-001 is shownInstallation Sensor mounting hardware part number 3004A0017-001 is shown

29. U53 Calibration Single Point Calibration Present depth of water in height units Two Point Calibration Present depth of water in height units Zero flow CalibrationCalibration

30. Ordering Information Ordering InformationOrdering Information

31. Selection Guide Selection Guide Selection Guide

32. Ultrasonic Flow Competition Milltronics The primary competitor offering a full line of ultrasonic open channel/level products Others include: Magnetrol/STI Sparling Drexelbrook Endress + Hauser ISCO American Sigma Competition/AnalysisCompetition/Analysis

33. U53 Competitive Comparison Competition/AnalysisCompetition/Analysis

34. Milltronics HydroRanger Advantages Well known product brand 49 foot (15 m) sensor range Competitively priced Multi-function, level & flow applications 5 relays Disadvantages Poor sensor resolution 0.197 inches (5 mm) and dead band of 12 inches (300mm) Display makes it difficult to read volumes and flow rate Isolated output is optional (Adds to product cost) Competition/AnalysisCompetition/Analysis

35. Milltronics HydroRanger Plus Advantages Well known product brand 49 foot (15 m) sensor range Isolated output Rack and wall mount options AC/DC voltage supplies 5 relays Disadvantages Poor sensor resolution 0.197 inches (5 mm) and dead band of 12 inches (300mm) No library of flumes and weirs User-defined flow curve has only 16 points Only one analog output Competition/AnalysisCompetition/Analysis

36. Selling Strategies Start by selling on features: Built-in flume and weir tables 30 point user curve Multiple languages Two 4�20 mA outputs Diagnostics Multiple sales tend to be dominated by price As with any project bids, competitors and pricing must be known in order to compete Selling StrategiesSelling Strategies

37. U53 OPEN CHANNEL FLOW METER Application Questionnaire Gauge types are as follows: Parshall Flume, Palmer Bowlus Flume, Khafagi Flume, Rectangular Flume, Round Bottom Flume, Neyrpic Flume, V-Notch weir, Rectangular Weir. Any other gauge must use the special program. 1. Define open channel flow meter (type: flume, weir) _____________________ 2. Flow range? _____________________________ 3. Flow Format? (gallons, liters, MGD, etc.) ________________________ 4. Volume Format? (gallons, liters, MGD, etc.) _______________________ 5. What is the medium being monitored? (water, sewage, etc.) ___________________ 6. Is there any foam on the water surface? ____________________ 7. Are the approach conditions to the flume or weir turbulent? ________________ 8. Is there any existing ultrasonic level or flow equipment near the new application? ______ 9. Does the flume or weir hydraulically drown, flood or is it tidal? _____________ If Flow Meter is a flume: 10. What type of flume is it? _________________________________ 11. What width (inches or feet) is throat section)? _____________________ 12. What is maximum depth expected? ____________________ 13. What is channel width? ______________________________ 14. What is throat section length? _________________________ * 15. What is roughness K factor? __________________________ * 16. What is water temperature? __________________________ * 17. What is hump height? _______________________________ # 18. What is datum offset? _______________________________ # * Not necessary for Palmer Bowlus or Parshall Flumes# Only for Rectangular & Round Bottom Flumes Sales Support Documentation Sales Support Documentation An application questionnaire has been developed to assist sales and applications personnel in the proper configuration of the U53 Ultrasonic Open Channel Flow System. Potential customers should have no problem providing the data requested in this short form. Sales Support Documentation An application questionnaire has been developed to assist sales and applications personnel in the proper configuration of the U53 Ultrasonic Open Channel Flow System. Potential customers should have no problem providing the data requested in this short form.

38. Sales Support Documentation U53 Open Channel Flow Application Questionnaire SS-U53 Sell SheetU53/S53 Open Channel Flow System U53 Data SheetModel U53 Open Channel Flow Measurement System Sales Support Documentation Sales Support Documentation