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Chapters 1-4 Unit I Lesson 4 Notes: Classical Empires of the East

Chapters 1-4 Unit I Lesson 4 Notes: Classical Empires of the East. The Maurya (Mou- ree-uh ) Dynasty of India. Asoka , grandson of Chandragupta, founder of Maurya Dynasty. Asoka most honored emperor of India converts to Buddhism elevating it to the state religion

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Chapters 1-4 Unit I Lesson 4 Notes: Classical Empires of the East

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  1. Chapters 1-4 Unit I Lesson 4 Notes: Classical Empires of the East

  2. The Maurya (Mou-ree-uh) Dynasty of India Asoka, grandson of Chandragupta, founder of Maurya Dynasty • Asoka most honored emperor of India • converts to Buddhism elevating it to the state religion • rejects violence (against people & animals) • rules by moral example • sends missionaries across India & Sri Lanka • tolerant of all other religions • brings peace, prosperity • built stone pillars across India with carved edicts or laws

  3. built hospitals, Buddhist shrines, roads, with traveler-comforts across empire • after Asoka’s Maurya Dynasty’s power declined by 185 B.C.; followed 500 years later by…

  4. The Gupta (Goop-tuh) Dynasty of India The Gupta Leads the GoldenAge of India • devised simple math system of writing numbers • called “Arabic” numerals today • originated concept of zero • developed decimal system of numbers based on 10 • surgeons set bones & repaired injuries • introduced smallpox vaccinations not seen in Europe for another 1000 years

  5. built magnificent Hindu temples • Buddhists built splendid stupas (large domed shrines)with elaborately carved gateways that told stories of the life of the Buddha • artists painted rich murals depicting varied social classes

  6. rich Indian literature collected & recorded fables & folktales in • Sanskrit that were carried west to Persia, Egypt, & Greece • classical, intricate Indian dance based on the state religion of Hinduism • decline by weak rulers, civil war, & invasion by central Asian nomadic WhiteHuns who destroyed everything in their path

  7. CLASSICAL CHINA PHILOSOPHIES • Confucianism: • philosophy to ensure social order, good government, & harmony supported by 5 key relationships among people with proper behavior based on filialpiety "Never impose on others what you would not choose for yourself."

  8. Legalism: • philosophy emphasizing strict laws & harsh punishments • autocratic rule “wielding it like lightning or like thunder” • official policy of the Qin emperor [to follow] Han Feizi - 280 B.C. – 233 B.C.

  9. Daoism: • philosophy that encouraged harmony with nature rejecting conflict & strife • the best kind of government is one that governs least • Buddhism: • originally from • India • emphasized personal salvation by appealing to followers with its promise of escape from suffering through prayer, good works, & devotion

  10. DYNASTIC EMPIRES OF CHINA • Zhou (Jo) Dynasty • 1100 B.C. – 260 B.C. • justified its rule by the MandateofHeaven

  11. Qin (Chin) Dynasty • 221 B.C. – 210 B.C. • unified China • ushered in China’s classical era • built the GreatWall to protect itself from invaders • practiced Legalism

  12. Han (Hahn) Dynasty • 200 B.C. – A.D. 200 • kept China unified for 400 years • established trade along the SilkRoad supporting a culturaldiffusion of ideas and customs • introduced Buddhism to China

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