1 / 10

Folding and Faulting

Folding and Faulting. What is a Fold?. A fold is a bent rock layer or series of layers that were originally horizontal and subsequently deformed. Due to compression forces. They are most visible in rocks that have layers. Types of Folds.

livvy
Download Presentation

Folding and Faulting

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Folding and Faulting

  2. What is a Fold? • A fold is a bent rock layer or series of layers that were originally horizontal and subsequently deformed. • Due to compression forces. • They are most visible in rocks that have layers.

  3. Types of Folds • The two most common types of folds are, anticlines and synclines. • Anticlines are the up-folding and/or arching of sedimentary layers. • Synclines down-folds or troughs.

  4. Types of Folds • The simplest type of fold is called a monocline. • This fold involves a slight bend in otherwise parallel layers of rock. • There is a single slope

  5. What is a Fault? • Faults are a break in a rock mass along which movement has occurred. • When the stresses overcome the internal strength of the rock, resulting in a fracture.

  6. Types of Faults: Normal Faults • Fault in which the rock above the fault plane has moved down relative to the rock below. • Formed by tension. Footwall

  7. Types of Faults: Reverse Faults • Fault in which the material above the fault plane moves up in relation to the material below. • Formed by compression Hanging wall

  8. Graben • A valley formed by the downward displacement of a fault-bounded block. • Produced when tensional stresses result in the subsidence of a block of rock.

  9. Horst • An elongated, uplifted block of crust bounded by faults. • Development of two reverse faults causing a block of rock to be pushed up.

  10. Types of Faults: Transform Fault • A major strike-slip fault that cuts through the lithosphere and accommodates motion between two plates. • These faults are vertical in nature and are produced where the stresses are exerted parallel to each other (shear). http://www.algebra4children.com/Geography/faulting-folding.html

More Related