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Qaisar Raza PhD Candidate Department of Health Sciences Free University, Amsterdam The Netherlands. Intake of foods related to cardiovascular disease and change in dietary habits of the immigrant Pakistanis living in The Netherlands: A cross-sectional study. Background.

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  1. Qaisar RazaPhD Candidate Department of Health SciencesFree University, AmsterdamThe Netherlands

  2. Intake of foods related to cardiovascular disease and change in dietary habits of the immigrant Pakistanis living in The Netherlands: A cross-sectional study

  3. Background • South Asia is home to one fifth of worlds population • Disease burden is shifting from communicable to non-communicable (Jafar, 2011) • CVD and IHD together account for 22% of mortality

  4. Background • Pakistan hosts a population of 170 million with large ethnic and linguistic divisions • CVD accounts for 12% of all cause mortalities among Pakistanis • Pakistan ranks sixth with number of diabetic people (jafar, 2011)

  5. Background • Migration and acculturation are associated with changes in chronic disease patterns • Higher prevalence of Obesity among immigrant Pakistanis than indigenous Pakistanis (Raza et al, 2013) • Diet is a key lifestyle factor contributing to the increased risk of CVD and associated diseases among Pakistani migrants in western countries

  6. Aim of the Study To assess the inatke of food items related to CVD and change in dietary habits after migration from Pakistan to The Netherlands

  7. Methods Population Based Cross Sectional Design Completion of a questionnaire about diseases, diet and other lifestyle measures. Modification of an existing health related questionnaire from municipality of Amsterdam into a food based questionnaire

  8. Methods • Sample: 18 years and older • Recruitment: Snowball Method → Festivals → Mosques → Pakistani Shops

  9. Ethical Approval According to Dutch laws “No permission is required from those involved if the study is totally anonymous”

  10. Results • Response Rate: 25% (154 participants) • Mean age for men: 44.6 • Mean age for women: 34.2 • 25.9% women had no education • 74.3% men and 63.4% women were born in Pakistan.

  11. Results • 62% reported drinking fruit juice everyday • 63% reported intake of soft drinks everyday • Half of the participants reported eating fruits and vegetables daily

  12. ResultsChange in dietary habits after migration • Increased intake of raw vegetables, vegetables, convenience foods, fruits, soft drinks/soda, dairy products and white meat after migration • Decreased intake of high fat/fried foods, deserts/candy/sweets, red meat and less dining out after migration. • Change from deep frying to baking and boiling

  13. Discussion • Intake of fruit juice and soft drinks is related to Type 2 diabetes • Increased intake of convenience foods is related to high energy density • Reduced intake of red meat is beneficial for reduced energy density • Reduction in terms of deep frying is beneficial for less intake of fat and cholesterol

  14. Conclusion This study can help the nutrition educators and public health researchers to design programs and interventions to focus on the unhealthy habits of soft drinks, convenience foods and also high consumption of fruit juice.

  15. Limitations • Low response rate • Over representation of men • No causal relationship

  16. Suggestionsforfuture research • Longitudinal studies to determine the causal relationship between the diet and non-communicable diseases among both indigenous and immigrant Pakistanis • Increasing the representation of women through cultural sensitive techniques • Interventions to reduce the consumption of fruit juice and soft drinks • Awareness campaigns involving both governmental and non-governmental sector about healthy and unhealthy foods

  17. Questions

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