China Brochure

1. China Brochure By Bianca Ngo & Lavender Wong

2. Contents Introduction……………………...Page 3 Festivals……………………....…Page 4 Traditions and Customs…….…Page 5 Environment…………………….Page 6 Sights……………………………Page 7 Architectures and Arts...............Page 8 Native Wildlife……...…..Page 9 and 10

3. introduction • China is a country that is in Asia, it is the fourth largest country after America and it has the land mass of 9,596,960 square kilometre. The surrounding countries are North Korea, a bit of Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kashmir, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar (Burma), Laos and Vietnam. China belongs to the Pacific Ocean. It has an approximate population of 1,331,460,000 and has 200 different Chinese languages but two main Chinese languages are Cantonese and Mandarin. They practice many religions but these are the main ones Taoism, Buddhists, Christian and Muslim.

4. Festivals In China the Chinese New Year is the longest and most important celebration in the Chinese calendar. The New Year starts on the first of the Chinese calendar, which is usually on February, and have different festivals everywhere each day and last for 15 days. People will wear red clothes (which are usually new) and have red envelopes which either have money or sweets in it. For Chinese People red symbolizes fire which scares away bad luck. At the end of each day on Chinese New Year, families get together to have extravagant meals. After the Chinese New Year there is a Lantern Festival. Each person gets a lantern and decorates it as the way they like and light it up on the next full moon after the Chinese New Year on that night there will be dragon dance and firecrackers, the dragons are around 30 metres long and are made of silk, colourful paper and bamboo.

5. Traditions & Customs Sheng Xiao “Sheng Xiao” refers to the 12 animals associated with signs of the Chinese zodiac, which corresponds to a 12 year cycle. The animals are the Rat, the Ox, the Tiger, the Rabbit, the Dragon, the Snake, the Horse, the Goat, the Monkey, the Rooster, the Dog and the Pig. This order has been positions this way by a race. Yin Yang Yin (white) Yang (black) represents a balance made by opposites like the force of the North Pole and the South Pole to create a land people live these days. Yin Yang have different characteristics like Yin is mainly for girls cause it’s represents calmness and softness whilst Yang is mainly for boys cause it’s represents active and dangerous. Yin Yang has four combinations: Yin of the Yin and Yang of the Yin, and Yin of the Yang, and Yang of the Yang that means when there’s white there’s black and when there’s black there’s white like shown on the picture. Yin Yang theory is an important principle in Taoism, but it’s an important theory for life and for everyone.

6. environment Mountains Around south-west China there are the Himalayas where the highest mountains exists like Mount Everest which is the tallest mountain above water and K2 which is the second tallest mountain above water in this world. Parts of these mountains are parts of China. China has 7 mountains that are fully part of China and 12 peaks over. Deserts These are some of the deserts in China and these are the names and the approximate area of them. Bandai Jaran 49,000km², Lop Desert 100,000km², Ordos 90,650km², Taklimakan 270,000km² and Mu Us 40,000km². Rivers In China there are 6 rivers that are all running down from the Himalayas. The 6 rivers and lengths of them are Chang Jiang River 2884km, Huang He River 4830km, Yellow River 5464km, Zhu Jiang River 177km, Yangtze River 6300km and Hei Long River 4370km.

7. sights Tiananmen Square Tiananmen Square is the central part of Beijing. This area is where fireworks and parades are held. On the border of the square are parliament buildings and the Forbidden City. • Terracotta Army • The Terracotta Army is built in Xi’an (pronounced si-an). In the Terracotta Army thousands of life-sized clay soldiers were found. This burial chamber of Emperor Shi Huangdi army was made under respect of Emperor Shi Huangdi. Emperor Shi Huangdi was around in the 3rd century. • Great Wall of China • The Great Wall of China is like a border for China it was built on the hills by stones. It was made to stop Mongolians from invading China during the Qin Dynasty, which is between 206 to 221 BCE. The Great Wall is around 10,000 li which is around 8,850 Km (5,500 miles).

8. Architectures & arts • ArchitecturesSome architecture is mostly popular like the Great Wall of China, the Forbidden City and Terracotta warriors and Emperors’ Temples etc. There are also some that are not so popular like the Buddhists temples which can be found anywhere you go. They are normally 400 feet high approximately. • In China the rooves of past emperors temples are amazing on the outside with tiles, the inside of the rooves have delicate painting and with different paints. • Art • From the earliest Stone Age art to the Ming Dynasty in 1500 AD, Chinese artists took up the same themes over and over again. They were interested in swirling brushwork lines. They were interested in nature, animals, trees, flowers, rocks, water. Chinese artists wanted to express the relationship between people and nature.

9. native wildlife • Giant Panda • The Giant Panda (Formal Name: AiluropodaMelanoleuca) eats up to 12 hours a day, in that 12 hours a Giant Panda would eat 28 pounds (12.7 kilograms). Giant Pandas are omnivores; they eat like usual bears because they are classified as in the bear family. These creature are endangered due to agriculture, and deforestation. They weigh around 300 lbs. (136 kilograms), but when their infants they weight 5 ounces (142 grams). • Snow leopard snug • Snow leopards are superb jumpers and leapers. They can spring and pounce on prey that's up to 10 metres away. The snow leopard has a long tail, about 1 metre long, which it wraps around itself in winter, like a scarf, to help stop the cold air freezing its airways. The fur keeps the snow leopard's paws warm and dry. The snow leopard hunts alone and loves to roam the high mountains in summer.