TOC : Sun Notes 2/15/13 I. Starter

1. TOC : Sun Notes 2/15/13I. Starter • How Many Stars are in our Solar System???? • Hundreds • Millions • Billions Explain why you chose the answer you picked.

2. II. Practice • Copy the Sun Notes in your Practice Section.

3. The Sun

4. One star is inside our Solar System –The Sun The Sun is : -Medium size -Yellow -Dwarf Star

5. Diameter= 1,392,000 km • 5 billion years old • Distance from the Sun = 1AU • AU is Astronomical Unit = 149,600,000 km

6. Suns Layers • Corona – • Visible during a total eclipse appears as a white colored halo • Corona means crown in latin • Corona extends into space for millions of kilometers • Solar winds are millions of streams of electrically charged particles • Visible with only special equipment • Can extend 10-12 times the diameter of the sun

7. Suns Layers • Chromosphere – • The middle layer of the suns atmosphere • It is visible during a total eclipse • The Greek word Chroma means color • Below corona • 3,000 km thick • Visible only with special equipment

8. Photosphere • First layer of the Sun’s atmosphere • The sun does not have a solid surface, but instead when you are looking at the sun, you are looking at the photosphere • The photosphere is considered to be the Sun’s surface layer. • Visible by naked eye – The Part We See! • 600km thick

9. Convective Zone • Outermost layer of the sun’s interior • Hot gas rises and then sinks here • The loops formed by sinking cool gas causes energy to move towards the sun’s surface • Convection currents of suns gases • 200,000 km thick

10. Radiative Zone • Region of very tightly packed gas where energy moves mainly in the form of electromagnetic radiation • It can take energy up to 100,000 years to move through the radiation zone. • 300,000 km thick • Extremely dense – light takes millions of years to pass through

11. Core • First layer in the sun’s interior • Enormous amounts of energy are produced here through nuclear fusion. • Nuclear fusion is hydrogen atoms join to make helium atoms • 200,000km thick • 15,000,000°C

12. Sun Facts • Just like the Earth, The Sun spins on its axis • The Sun gives off ultraviolet rays • Suns light takes 8 minutes to reach Earth

13. Sun Facts continued… • Galileo was the first scientist to explore and observe the sun • Satellites help us get valuable data from the sun

14. Sun Facts continued… Sunspots • are cooler areas on the sun – on the photospere • Can affect the Earths weather

15. Solar Flare • Giant storms on the suns surface that send huge electrically charged particles into the Solar System • Prominences • an eruption of a flamelike tongue of relatively cool,high-density gas from the solar chromosphere into the coronawhereitcan be seen during a solar eclipse or by observingstrongspectral lines in its emission spectrum.

16. Solar Flares • a brief powerful eruption of particles and intense electromagnetic radiation from the sun's surface, associated with sunspots and causing disturbances to radio communication on earth • Solar Winds • from the sun's corona consisting of a flow of charged particles, mainly electrons and protons, that interacts with the magnetic field of the earth and other planetary bodies.

17. Sun Facts continued… • Made of Hydrogen that fuses to Helium • Gravity pulls the sun into the shape of a sphere.

18. III. Application: • Assemble the Layer of the Sun Foldable and place it in the Application Section of your journal.

19. IV. Connection • Why do you think the Earth stays in orbit around the sun? • What do you thin would happen if the Earth was no longer orbiting around the sun?

20. V. Exit • 7 Sentence Summary of what we learned. DO NOT GIVE A LIST OF OUR AGENDA!!!!! • Include questions you still have of the sun.