Integrating Adaptation into Development Policy

1. Integrating Adaptation into Development Policy Breakout Session C

2. Trends in Development Policy • From single project to consolidated programs and policies • Streamline and coordinate planning processes • Focus of process vs. end product • Partnerships for Development and stakeholder buy-in • From “Environment” to Poverty-Environment Linkages, Sustainable Livelihoods, Ecosystem services • Adaptation strategies rather than projects

3. Adaptation Strategies for Policy Development Problem: Threatened Food Security Local Context: fossil aquifers, high incidence of water borne diseases, small economy highly dependent on agriculture Adaptation Option: Increased crop production through irrigation

4. Adaptation Strategies for Policy Development (cont’d) Filter

5. Adaptation Strategies for Policy Development (cont’d) Filter (ex. tools: socio-economic/ cost-benefit assessments, SEIAs, stakeholder consultations • Possible Elements of Strategy: • Redistribute water from agric. to potable • Emphasize water efficiency • Drought resistant agriculture • Economic Diversification for income generation • Investment in water treatment and recycling • Infrastructure • Diversify and stabilize local economy against • crop failure :i.e.Microfinance for export of cashews, • tourism Cam affect: Agriculture Policy, Trade Priorities, Infrastructure Policy

6. Integrating Adaptation into Development Policies • Which policies are we talking about? • Should Development Processes and Plans integrate adaptation? • How might this be achieved? • What are the opportunities and challenges? • Are there examples of what is currently being done?

7. Should Development Processes and Plans integrate adaptation? • The general observation is YES • However, we need a system under which to operate • The example Tunisia says this system is automatic in their development policy

8. Policy should be appropriate • This is subject to: • Financial restrictions • Technical challenges • Iterative • At regional scale • Policy makers need concrete justifications, this requires knowledge and applied research to enhance integration

9. Example from Tunisia

10. Getting the Devt. Policy right • Basic and Current Human Needs as priority • Must be relevant to people and policy makers • The policy process must be right • Policies are donor driven, eg Poverty eradication in Kenya • Need for collaboration between country level stakeholders

11. What are the Appropriate Entry Points? • Natural Resources Management (easiest and most appropriate) • Ministries of Environment

12. Second Example • Nile River Basin Initiative: uncertainty about climate change predictions and impacts – therefore unacceptable to decision makers

13. AIACC Role • Should recommend integrated approaches (poverty-environment): Top-Down Approach • Projects should Identify stakeholders at different level: Bottom Up Approach

14. Entry Points • Participatory Tools • Stakeholder Engagement • Good Governance • Empower stakeholders • Political Commitment • International Pressure • Equity Important