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Tang & Song China

Discover the rich history and advancements of China during the Tang and Song dynasties. From technological innovations like printing and gunpowder to economic prosperity and cultural achievements, explore the impact of these two great dynasties.

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Tang & Song China

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  1. Tang & Song China Golden Ages

  2. Two Great Dynasties in China • During the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties, China becomes the richest, most powerful, and most advanced country in the world.

  3. Main Idea: Tang and Song China experienced an era of prosperity and technological innovation. Why it Matters Now: Chinese inventions from this period, such as printing, gunpowder, and the compass, changed history.

  4. The Tang Dynasty World View: • The Song Dynasty World View: • west along the Silk Road • looks east towards the sea

  5. Trade/Foreign Contacts • Silk Road • west; Tang Dynasty

  6. Trade/Foreign Contacts • Silk Road  • west; Tang Dynasty • ocean ships  • east, Song Dynasty • Korea • Japan • India • Persian Gulf • east Africa

  7. Agriculture • imported fast-ripening rice from Vietnam called “Champa Rice”

  8. Agriculture • imported fast-ripening rice from Vietnam - Champa • allowed two crops each season instead of one

  9. Agriculture • imported fast-ripening rice from Vietnam - Champa • allowed two crops each season instead of one • fueled population increase

  10. Civil Service Exam • Starting in the Sui Dynasty (pre-Tang), it became possible to become a government official by taking and passing a series of written exams.  • During Song, this became the norm

  11. Civil Service Exam  • Goal: literate officials vs military officials • Crated a class of scholar-officials  • Confucian education encouraged government service

  12. Science and Technology • mathematics flourished

  13. Science and Technology • mathematics flourished • adopted the use of algebra and the concept of zero and negative numbers

  14. Science and Technology • mathematics flourished • adopted the use of algebra and the concept of zero and negative numbers • invented movable type

  15. Science and Technology • mathematics flourished • adopted the use of algebra and the concept of zero and negative numbers • invented movable type • developed gunpowder

  16. Toilet Paper Although developed around 600 CE, it was only available at first to nobility and the elites. During the Tang Dynasty it became widespread. How different the world and your lives would be without it!

  17. Porcelain Commonly now preferred to as “China”. Made of special white clay found only in China.

  18. Mechanical Clock Early 700s Chinese developed clocks run by water that kept accurate time. Technology and concept of mechanical clock found its way to Europe where it was improved upon.

  19. Printing In 700s block printing was invented in which entire sheet was carved on a single block of wood and whole page was printed. In 1000s moveable type printing invented in which individual characters could be moved around and reused.

  20. Gunpowder • Invented in 800s as an immortality potion • Used 1st in fireworks & then rockets & guns

  21. Uses of Gunpowder Fireworks Weapons Gunpowder took about 300 years to reach Europe First used as a weapon against the Mongols as a simple gun that took 2 people to shoot

  22. Paper Money Song Dynasty first in world to adopt paper currency instead of coin.

  23. Magnetic CompassAdapted for Navigation Magnetic compass had existed for centuries, but Song Dynasty began to use it to guide their fleets. Allowed ships to move far from land and travel further safely.

  24. Tang & Song Inventions

  25. Golden Age of Art • Wealth, education and urban culture = artistic achievement • Great poetry • Three-color ware was one of the greatest contributions of the Tang Dynasty

  26. The Tang and Song Dynasties Compared Tang Only Song Only Both Prospered through trade, improved agriculture, created great technological advances Expanded the empire, had a female ruler, adopted Buddhism Ruled smaller empire, developed into great sea power, reinstituted Confucianism

  27. Yuan Dynasty (Mongol)1279-1368 CE

  28. Religion and Culture The Mongols were different than the Chinese – They spoke a different language, worshipped different gods, wore different clothing and had different customs – The Chinese thought the Mongols were rude and uncivilized. Mongols tolerated Chinese traditions and philosophies. Many adopted Chinese ways. 

  29. Technology and Achievements • With taxes collected from the Chinese, they built new roads and palaces • Created a postal system. • Built new capital, Dadu.

  30. Government and Unification • 1211: Genghis Khan Organized a fierce army and started to attack China in the north • 1279: Kublai Khan (grandson of Genghis) declared himself Emperor of China. • They heavily taxed the Chinese but allowed them to keep their own belief systems.

  31. Trade • Mongols traded by sea and by  land which, increased contact with the West. • The military protected overland trade routes, which made it safer for foreign traders.

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