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RURAL ROAD NETWORK PLANNING USING GIS -A case study in Palakkad district

RURAL ROAD NETWORK PLANNING USING GIS -A case study in Palakkad district. Guided by Presented by Prof.M.V.L.R. Anjaneyulu Keerthi.M.G Ceo4m007. STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION. Introduction Scope and Objectives of the Study

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RURAL ROAD NETWORK PLANNING USING GIS -A case study in Palakkad district

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  1. RURAL ROAD NETWORK PLANNING USING GIS-A case study in Palakkad district Guided byPresented by Prof.M.V.L.R. AnjaneyuluKeerthi.M.G Ceo4m007

  2. STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION • Introduction • Scope and Objectives of the Study • Literature Review • Brief Review of the Software Used • Data Collection • Analysis of Data • Conclusions • Limitations and Scope for Future Study • References

  3. INTRODUCTION As roads are the only means of transport available to most of the rural settlements, it plays a predominant role in the comprehensive development of a society. It acts as the lifeline of the rural economy and society.

  4. STATUS OF CONNECTIVITY OF VILLAGES

  5. SCOPE OF THE STUDY • Palakkad is a typical hill district in Kerala having a predominant share of rural population. • Detailed Panchayath Resource Maps based on cadastral maps are prepared by the Kerala Land Use Board. • Network planning mainly aims to improve flexibility of travel and reduce the circuity.

  6. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY • To review the rural road network development strategies that have been recommended by researchers. • Collection of secondary data,preparation of maps and database in GIS. • Identification of major villages or the future growth villages (contd…)

  7. To generate road networks based on alternative scientific procedures • Evaluation of the alternative networks using graph theoretical indices • To suggest a methodology for link prioritization

  8. LITERATURE REVIEW • Mineetha (1992), in her work on "Generation and testing of alternatives for rural road network development -a case study of Kozhikode District", has made an attempt to identify village hierarchy based on the trip rate produced from each village.Factor analysis was used for analysis. • Purushottam,et al(1993)in their paper “Scientific preparation of Master plans for Rural Roads in Andra Pradesh” has suggested that rural road network planning is to be carried out in three stages viz: node choice, link choice ,network choice which are decided on the basis of Transport Priority index,Link Priority index and Village Affinity index. • Raji(1997),in her Ph.D thesis work “Rural Road Network Planning through Transportation Related Hierarchy of Settlements” developed a systematic procedure to identify hierarchy of settlements is done in a multidimensional framework using non hierarchical clustering. (Contd…)

  9. Daya Krishnankutty(1997),in her dissertation work on “Rural Road Network Planning for Kasargod district”, conducted primary household surveys to understand the travel characteristics of the rural community and predicted the average trip rate of villages using data from census reports and using multiple regression analysis. • Prasada Rao, et al(2003) in their paper “Information system for rural road network planning - a case study”,GIS has been used for planning of rural road connectivity for a Community Development block and the information system was developed for village and rural roads. • Praveen Kumar , et al(2004) in their paper “Facility Based Network Planning of Rural Roads Using GIS”, a computer based user friendly rural road network design model was developed.

  10. GRAPH THEORETICAL INDICES FOR NETWORK EVALUATION Connectivity Measures Alpha Index - Measure of redundancy Beta Index - Measure of completeness Gamma Index-Measure of connectivity

  11. Accessibility Measures • Mean Associate Number: Gives the total length of links needed to connect a link to the most distant node • Mean Dispersion Index: Gives the total number of links needed to connect any node with all other nodes in the network • Circuity Index: Measures the directness of route connecting two nodes

  12. Components of GIS

  13. REVIEW OF THE SOFTWARE USED

  14. TERMINOLOGIES USED IN GEOMEDIA • GeoWorkspace • Co ordinate system Geographic Projected • Warehouse • Windows Map Window Data Window Layout Window • Legend • Feature and feature class

  15. FUNCTIONS OF GEOMEDIA • Digitization • Development Of Database • Running Queries • Buffer Analysis • Thematic Mapping

  16. Map Window with Legend Entries

  17. DATA COLLECTION

  18. STUDY AREA • Ottapalam Block • Mannarkkad Block Latitude between 10021’and 11014’ Longitude between 76002’and 76054’

  19. ADMINISTRATIVE PROFILE OF THE BLOCKS IN PALAKKAD DISTRICT

  20. CATEGORYWISE LENGTH OF PWD ROADS IN PALAKKAD DISTRICT

  21. WBM-1 WBM-15 Earthen-53 Earthen-43 Bituminous-46 Bituminous-42 Distribution of Panchayath Roads Ottapalam Mannarkkad

  22. Work-30.79 Shopping-12.89 Health-4.60 Social&Recreation-20.43 others-2.64 Purpose Wise Distribution of Trips

  23. GIS IN RURAL ROAD PLANNING • An effective tool for village and road information system. • Concurrent access to multiple users which provide user transactions in an efficient manner. • It is an indispensable tool for data storage in planning. • Spatial analysis capability along with thematic mapping, network analysis charting etc are important.

  24. Attribute Table Showing Ward Level Data Of Mannarkkad Block

  25. Ward Boundaries with Facilities of Mannarkkad Block

  26. Map Showing Existing Roads With Inventory Data in Ottapalam Block

  27. Thematic Map Based On Population Of Ottapalam Block

  28. Thematic Mapping Based on Accessibility to Krishi Bhavan in OttapalamBlock

  29. Thematic Mapping Based on Accessibility to College-Mannarkkad Block

  30. Thematic Mapping Based on Accessibility to High School- Mannarkkad Block

  31. ANALYSIS OF DATA

  32. FUNCTIONAL PLANNING APPROACH • Deals with the locational aspects of various facilities in a well distributed manner to cater to the socioeconomic needs for balanced regional growth. • Prioritization of settlement is based on an index known as settlement index or utility value. SIi=settlement index for habitation i Wxi=weight for xth facility for habitation i

  33. RELATIVE WEIGHTS FOR FACILITY VARIABLES FOR COMPUTING SETTLEMENT INDEX

  34. PANCHAYATWISE LIST OF WARDS IN OTTAPALAM BLOCK AND CALCULATED SI

  35. ALL HABITATIONS IN THE BLOCK UNCONNECTED CONNECTED PRIORITISED HABITATIONS WARD INDEX ALL CATEGORIES OF ALL -WEATHER ROAD NETWORK AND CONNECTED HABITATIONS POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE LINKS FOR MAKING CONNECTIVITY FOR EACH UNCONNECTED SETTLEMENTS AVAILABLE ROAD LINKS SELECTION OF THE BEST LINK OUT OF THE ALTERNATIVES FOR EACH UNCONNECTED AND PRIORITISED SETTLEMENTS If not connected next prioritized habitation is formed OPTIMUM NETWORK BASED ON EFFICIENCY AND ACCESS REQUIRED BY UNCONNECTED HABITATIONS UNTILL ALL SETTLEMENTS ARE CONNECTED Approach for Network Connectivity

  36. PREDICTION OF TRIP RATES Trip rates are calculated using a regression equation T= 60.797+6.156U1/2+30.518U1/3-130.189U1/4+63.269U1/5- 2.228 (log H) 1/2 Where T= Trip rate of the ward U=Utility Value or Ward index H= Number of occupied households in the village

  37. Trip Rates from the Wards of Ottapalam Block

  38. IDENTIFICATION OF SETTLEMENT HIERARCHY By Clustering K-means clustering is done with the Utility Value of the ward as input.The wards in each of the blocks are classified into four clusters.Clustering is done in such a way that within variance of clusters is less compared to among variance.

  39. Hierarchy of Settlements Based on SI for Ottapalam Block

  40. Hierarchy of Settlements Based on SI for Mannarkkad Block

  41. BY TRIP RATE Trip Rate can be used as a criterion for identification of settlement hierarchy.It measures the intensity of activities within a settlement. Trip rate frequency distribution diagram is used.

  42. % wards Cumulative Trip Distribution Diagram-Ottapalam

  43. Cumulative Trip Distribution Diagram-Mannarkkad Block

  44. CLASSIFICATION USING TRIP RATE IN OTTAPALAM BLOCK

  45. CLASSIFICATION USING TRIP RATE IN MANNARKKAD BLOCK

  46. Comparison of settlement hierarchy by Clustering and Trip Rate Contd…

  47. COMPARISON

  48. PHILOSOPHY1 FOR NETWORK GENERATION • All higher order settlements are given connection to the existing roads. • All lower order settlements which are not having connections or having connections only through a single branch of a spanning tree is given connection to a higher order settlement or to another road in the vicinity, whichever is nearer. • Inter settlement connections are given.

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