1 / 27

Body Composition

Body Composition. Body Composition. There are three interrelated aspects of the human physique: Size (volume, mass, surface area, length) Structure (skeletal, muscular, fat arrangement and distribution) Composition (amount of fat, muscle, bone)

lois
Download Presentation

Body Composition

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Body Composition Sport Books Publisher

  2. Body Composition • There are three interrelated aspects of the human physique: • Size (volume, mass, surface area, length) • Structure (skeletal, muscular, fat arrangement and distribution) • Composition (amount of fat, muscle, bone) • Body composition is one of the major components of physical fitness Sport Books Publisher

  3. Body Composition • Most common method used in body composition analysis is the ‘Two-Component’ model of the body • This model includes: • Lean body mass (LBM) • Fat body mass • Total body fat (TBF) Sport Books Publisher

  4. Lean Body Mass • Refers to the ‘non-fat’ or ‘fat-free’ component of the body • Includes skeletal muscle, bone, water • May represent a biological lower limit beyond which health is compromised • Excessive leanness may increase a female’s chances of developing amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) • Amenorrhea includes a reduced production of estrogen, which may also increase a female’s chances of developing osteoporosis Sport Books Publisher

  5. Lean body mass is calculated as follows: LBM = TBM -TBFLean body mass = Total body mass - Total body fat • TBF is calculated as follows: TBF = TBM x %BODY FAT 100 Sport Books Publisher

  6. Direct Measurement Indirect Measurement Measuring Body Fat Sport Books Publisher

  7. Measuring Body Fat • Involves grinding tissue • Measures fat via chemical analysis • Impractical for living organisms • Used on cadavers Direct Measurement Sport Books Publisher

  8. Measuring Body Fat • Skinfold calipers • Hydrostatic weighing • Bod-Pod • Bioelectrical impedance • DEXA Indirect Measurement Sport Books Publisher

  9. Skinfold Calipers Sport Books Publisher

  10. Skinfold Calipers • Measures skinfold thickness to predict or estimate total body fat • Based on the assumption that subcutaneous fat is directly related to total body fat • Accuracy is ± 3% when performed correctly Sport Books Publisher

  11. YMCA Skinfold Test • Equipment: • Skinfold calipers • Skinfold sites: • Four sites: abdomen, suprailium, triceps, thigh • Calculation of % body fat: Males %fat = 0.29288 x (sum of 4) - 0.0005 x (sum of 4)2 + 0.15845 x (age) - 5.76377 Females %fat = 0.29669 x (sum of 4) - 0.00043 x (sum of 4)2 + 0.02963 x (age) - 1.4172 Sport Books Publisher

  12. Norms for Percent Body Fat Sport Books Publisher

  13. Circumference (Girth) Measurements • Equipment: • A flexible steel or cloth measuring tape • Circumference sites: • Neck, chest, hips, thigh, calf, biceps, abdomen Sport Books Publisher

  14. Body Mass Index (BMI) • Can be used as an easy, inexpensive method for determining an individual’s healthy body weight • Considers weight (kg) and height (m) BMI = Weight (kg) [Height (m)]2 • A BMI nomogram can also be used to determine BMI, it looks like this… Sport Books Publisher

  15. Body Mass Index (BMI) Sport Books Publisher

  16. Body Mass Index (BMI) • Three general ranges: • Underweight • Healthy or Acceptable Weight • Overweight • Severe Overweight • Morbid Obesity • BMI score > 30 is classified as obese and associated with an increased risk of developing health problems • Risk of developing health problems is also associated with BMI’s classified as being within the underweight range Sport Books Publisher

  17. Body Mass Index (BMI) • The BMI is intended for men and women aged 20-65 • It is not intended for: • Babies • Children • Teenagers • Pregnant women • Very muscular people, such as athletes Sport Books Publisher

  18. Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) • Based on differences in electrical conductivity between fat-free mass and fat mass Sport Books Publisher

  19. Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) • Percent body fat is calculated from measures of body density determined by passing an electrical current through the body Sport Books Publisher

  20. Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) • BIA is influenced by the subject’s hydration level • The more hydrated one is, the leaner the BIA measurement will be Sport Books Publisher

  21. Hydrostatic Weighing Sport Books Publisher

  22. Hydrostatic Weighing • Bone and muscle have a greater density than water • Fat is less dense than water • Thus, a person’s relative buoyancy is positively correlated with body fat • That is, a person with a higher body fat percentage is less dense (weighs less in water) than a lean individual Sport Books Publisher

  23. Hydrostatic Weighing • To calculate body fat, the following measurements are needed: • Body weight on land • Underwater body weight • Water density at the performed temperature • Residual lung volume • More accurate measure Sport Books Publisher

  24. The Bod-Pod Sport Books Publisher

  25. The Bod-Pod • Very expensive method • Very accurate measure • May facilitate measuring large or heavy individuals because it does not involve underwater submersion Sport Books Publisher

  26. Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Sport Books Publisher

  27. Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) • Can be used to determine body composition • Can also measure bone density (bone mineral content) Sport Books Publisher

More Related