170 likes | 364 Views
Applying Advanced Water Treatment Technology in the Largest Facility in North America. Chad Hill, Vice President – Black & Veatch. Cryptosporidium. Giardia. Virus. Algae. Bacteria. The Enemies …. National Focus Shifts to Water. 1993 - Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee
E N D
Applying Advanced Water Treatment Technology in the Largest Facility in North America Chad Hill, Vice President – Black & Veatch
Cryptosporidium Giardia Virus Algae Bacteria The Enemies … Page - 2
National Focus Shifts to Water • 1993 - Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee • 403,000 illnesses • Estimated 100+ deaths • 25 lawsuits, continuing over 6 years ($millions) • They never violated any drinking water standards. • Data Source: New England Journal of Medicine, July 21, 1994, Vol. 331, No. 3, pp 161-167. Page - 3
Time Had Come to Reinvest in Water Utility • 1900’s facilities ready for retirement • 1994 - Wide-scale "Study" of treatment plants began at Minneapolis • 1994 – 1999 Studies found: • Watershed is much more vulnerable to “Crypto” than Milwaukee • Recommended 99.9999% removal (6.0 LRV) to address the risk (note: later EPA regulations are less stringent) • "Microsporidium" found (elsewhere) even smaller than "Crypto" Page - 5
Module Divisions for even flow distribution Highly porous membrane By-pass tubes Solution - Ultrafiltration Membranes Page - 6
How to Sell a $160M Program • Sincere and prudent approach • Gain grass roots support • Public Health officials • Academia • Citizen advocacy groups • Regulators • Work closely and often with Council and Mayor Page - 7
MIX / COAG. / FLOC. / SETTLE SOFTENING 75 MG RECARBONATION RESERVOIR ULTRAFILTRATION RESERVOIR SAND FILTERS MWW Treatment System BYPASS Mississippi RIVER TO DISTRIBUTION Page - 8
Ultrafiltration Equipment Page - 9
The Numbers • 377 square feet of Membrane surface per module (about 9,600 fibers per module) • 4 modules per vessel • 28 vessels per UF Unit • 40 UF Units • 1,688,960 sq. feet of Membrane Area • 43,008,000 = total number of fibers Page - 10
How Much Did it Cost? • Ultrafiltration equipment • $17 Million • Building, installation ancillary plant • $ 36 Million Page - 16
Acknowledgements • Adam J. Kramer, P.E. • Director of Water Works (Retired 6/3/05) • Shahin Rezania, P.E. • Interim Director of Water Works • Dale Folen, P.E. • Project Manager • Annika Bankston, P.E. • Project Engineer, Membrane Specialist • Dozens of other City Employees • 100+ Black & Veatch Staff Page - 17