Measurement Flights will be performed by the NERC FAAM with the aims of:

1. UKCA at 2.5° ADIENT Appraising the Direct Impacts of Aerosol on Climate ADIENT is a NERC APPRAISE project made up of a consortium of leading UK experts in aerosol modelling and measurement with the overarching objective of quantifying the direct effect of aerosols on the Earth’s radiation budget, via scattering and/or absorption of radiation. • Measurement • Flights will be performed by the NERC FAAM with the aims of: • Characterising the evolution of anthropogenic aerosol plumes down wind of UK cities. • Characterising the impact of UK sources on regional aerosol loading. • The flights will be integrated into the EU FW 6 EUCAARI project, which is a multi aircraft investigation into the effects of aerosol on climate and air quality in Europe. Analysis Multi-scale modelling using the UKCA-GLOMAP and enhanced Models-3 CMAQ codes will be used to derive information on the evolution of anthropogenic aerosol and its effects on a UK and regional scale, using the results of the aircraft campaigns. Initially a comprehensive closure analysis of aerosol single scatter albedo properties will be performed on data from a NOAA/Manchester joint project at Holme Moss during Autumn 2006. Methodologies developed here will then be applied to the more extensive FAAM dataset. Regional impacts Up wind Down wind Plume evolution ADIENT • Effects • The results of the ADIENT measurement and analysis phases, as well as aerosol properties derived as part of the APPRAISE CORE CP2, model output and satellite data, will be used to assess the radiative impacts of anthropogenic aerosols and the relative radiative importance of anthropogenic and other aerosol types. The work will make use of the UKCA-TOMCAT and GLOMAP models, the ESA GlobAEROSOL database of global aerosol loading as measured by European satellite radiometers, data from the AERONET network of sun photometers and measurements of the broadband radiative flux measured by the GERB instrument. • This will involve synthesis of several separate pieces of work: • The production of optical and microphysical properties for a range of aerosol types (extending the output of APPRAISE CP2 by incorporating the anthropogenic properties derived in ADIENT) • Assessing the errors introduced by non-spherical and inhomogeneous aerosol. • Combining aerosol fields from aircraft, satellite, AERONET and model data on a regional basis, to produce a 10 year history of aerosol loading and radiative forcing. • Organisations and People • ADIENT CONSORTIUM: • University of Oxford • Dr R.G. Grainger • University of Reading • Dr E.J. Highwood • University of Leeds • Prof. K.S. Carslaw • University of Manchester • Prof. H. Coe • Dr G. McFiggans • Imperial College • Dr H.E. Brindley • Rutherford Appleton Laboratory • Dr B.J. Kerridge • PROJECT PARTNERS: • The Met Office • Dr J. Haywood • University of Leeds • Dr J.B. McQuaid • Lidar Technologies Ltd • Dr K. Hampton • Plymouth Marine Laboratory • Dr T. Smyth • CONTACT: Don Grainger r.grainger@physics.ox.ac.uk Example GlobAEROSOL results: SEVIRI 550 nm AOD Sept. 2004, viewed in Google Earth Figure: P. Buseck, Univ. of Arizona Background: Smog in Leipzig. N. Neuheiser