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Studies on parenting styles and eating behavior of children

Studies on parenting styles and eating behavior of children. Parenting Style and Family Meals: Cross-Sectional and 5-year Longitudinal Associations.

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Studies on parenting styles and eating behavior of children

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  1. Studies on parenting styles and eating behavior of children

  2. Parenting Style and Family Meals: Cross-Sectional and 5-year Longitudinal Associations • Studied associations between parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, neglectful) and the frequency of family meals among adolescents http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906915/

  3. Parenting Style and Family Meals: Cross-Sectional and 5-year Longitudinal Associations • Parenting style has the potential to impact eating behaviors • “Maternal authoritative parenting style predicted more frequent family meals for sons compared to neglectful parenting style” • authoritativeparenting style predicted higher frequency of family meals

  4. Association between parenting practices and children's dietary intake • purpose of this study was to examine child and parent background correlates of energy balance-related parenting practices at age 5, as well as the associations of these practices with children's diet, activity behavior, and body mass index (BMI) development http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065396/

  5. Association between parenting practices and children's dietary intake • Parental restriction of unhealthy intake was also positively associated with child BMI • Child BMI was also positively associated with parental stimulation of healthy intake • High parental control over child eating interferes with children's self-control over their intake thus leading to a deviant eating style

  6. Interventions

  7. Transtheoretical Model of ChangebyProchaska& DiClemente, 1983.

  8. Pre-Contemplation • Increasing awareness • Does the family recognize the need for a change? • Educate the family on the importance of a healthy lifestyle and diet • Do they understand the consequences of unhealthy eating habits and opposing parenting styles? • Teach them about the short term and long term effects of being unhealthy • Do they see the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle? • ‘Quiz’ them on their learnings

  9. Contemplation • Re-affirm the family’s decision to make changes • Praise the family’s decision to commit to change • State, once again, the benefits that they will gain from it • Assure that you support their decision

  10. Preparation • Target and build specific knowledge and specific skills • Make a list of objectives • Set achievable goals for the family • Start with small, realistic goals that are easy to attain

  11. Seed 3: Communicate • Listen. Be open. Check for understanding. • To your partner • To your child • Try to understand where the other person is coming from. • Explain. Respond openly and honestly.

  12. Action • Child • Start slowly but surely • Introduce vegetable and fruits one at a time • Encourage but not coerce • Use of coercive control tactics to counter children’s resistance during mealtimes resulted to problematic eaters (Sanders, et. al., 1993)

  13. Action • Child • Set simple cognitive rules • Vague instruction giving was particularly likely to be associated with increased food refusal and decreased chewing (Sanders et. al, 1993) • “When, then” rule

  14. Action • Parents • Establish a unified parenting style • Authoritative parenting style • Communicate with one another • Set an example to children

  15. Maintenance • Are they aware of the change they have achieved? • Are they aware of the things that they may tempt them to revert in their old behavior?

  16. Maintainance • Operant conditioning: creating an environment that will support healthy eating habits and reduce exposure to bad eating healthy habits

  17. Maintainance • Availability of high fat, high sugar foods are considered antecedent of poor eating habits (Bowmann and Pratt, 2008) • Discourage buying junkfoods, chocolates and candies • Discourage buying noodles and other unhealthy alternatives

  18. Maintainance • Reinforce positive behavior by commending good behavior • Associate healthy eating with happiness. Make eating time a pleasurable activity • Be involved in community programs that motivate them to continue the change.

  19. Maintainance • Addressing other issues that will contribute to the problems (e.g. finances)

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