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Back Ground Information

Current Status of Parthenium Weed in Oromia Regional States . Back Ground Information.

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Back Ground Information

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  1. Current Status of Parthenium Weed in Oromia Regional States.

  2. Back Ground Information ☤ Oromia is one of the largest State in the federal State of Ethiopia, and has a total area of 363,136 square kilometers. ☤. The topography of the region varies from place to place with the significant differences in altitude and four agro –ecology zones. Population ☤. Based on the 2007 G.C Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, the total population of the region is estimated at 27,061,955.

  3. Economy . ☤. Almost 87% of total regional population is living in the rural areas with economic engagement in agriculture as their main means of livelihoods. ☤. Agricultural being the main stay of the regional economy it has accounted for 65% of the Regional Gross Domestic Product /GDP/.

  4. Some reasons for food insecurity ☤ .Adverse Weather Condition / Frequent Drought/. ☤ . Small land Size. ☤ . Declining Soil Fertility. ☤ . Poor land Management. ☤. Limited Development of irrigation ☤. Land Degradation ☤. Low farm input ☤. Unfavorable markets ☤ . Limited capacity etc ☤. High Population Pressure ☤ .Crop Pests

  5. Crop Pests In Ethiopia the yield loss due to various pests on crops is one of the factors contributing to the low level of agricultural production and productivity. ☤ .The crop yield loss due to various types of crop pests including disease, post harvest handling ,weed is estimated to be as high as 30%. Weed damage is very significant in the region and Parthenium weed is considered as the most easily disseminating weeds in the region if it goes in the rate it goes the damaged causes will be beyond control.

  6. Current Statues of Parthenium weed in the Region. ☤.In Oromia Parthenium weed invades a large area of agricultural crop lands and Pasture lands and affects the productive capacity of the land. ☤. In Ethiopia ,the yield of sorghum bicolor grain was reduced from 40-97% when P.hysterophorus was left uncontrolled throughout the season. ☤ .In Oromia Region , Crop yield loss of sorghum and Teff have been recorded as 49 and 90 % respectively in in East Hararghe and East showa Zones at Babile and Boset districts respectively (Tamado 2001)

  7. Parthenium weed distribution in the region. ☤ .The field surveys held by the zonal Agriculture offices of Oromia showed that Parthenium weed to be the most widely spread and abundant invasive alien species in the region . ☤ .The weed has reached all most all the zones in the region and most likely infested >175 districts (woredas ),in 17 zones. ☤ .Severely invaded zones are East and West Hararghe, East Showa , Arsi, Bale and Brorana zones. ☤. The result of field survey in the region showed the colonizing power of the weed mainly pasture /grazing lands/ in Bale, West Hararghe, Arsi, East Showa, Borana, East Hararghe Zones.

  8. ☤. South West Showa, East Wollega , Jimma, West Showa and the rest zones are moderately infested including pocket area invasion. ☤ Also denser stands of the weed are found along road sides, urban areas, rural villages, commercial farms like Matahara ,Wojnji ,Nuraera, Tibla and other farms.

  9. Parthenium weed progress in the past 2 years. • Key = shows Parthenium weed distribution presented to this workshop in 2012. • key, Shows Parthenium weed distribution in the past 2years, 2014

  10. Parthenium Weed distribution.

  11. Conclusion

  12. Losses assessed and Recorded losses assessed and Recorded • In Oromia in 2012 the total infested area was 337900ha of land but according to the assessment made in 2014 by zonal agriculture offices the infestation reached 696144 ha. • No of the infested Weredas in the year 2012, were 125 districts ( Woredas ) but the no of infested Woredasreached 175,in 2014. • Pasture land infestation in East Showa, Arsi, West and East Hararghe, Bale and Borana Zones shows significant increase. • The weed has become serious problem in urban areas too. • As compared to 2012 Parthenium infestation has increased very significantly.

  13. Problems related to Parthenium infestation • A wide range of socio-economic problems has experienced. • Invading a large area of Agriculture Land. • Reducing productivity. • Reduce pasture carrying which creates grazing Shortage and great danger to livestock production in the future. • Health hazard to human And Animal • Biodiversity loss. • Causes deterioration quality of crops and live stock products. • Affects taste of milk and honey • . Reduce lactation period of cow.

  14. Parthenium Project and the Role of OBA . • Parthenium weed is an exotic alien species which is naturalized now. • This being the case why regular management is needed, Oromia Agriculture bureau has practiced a different cultural methods to mitigate the problems, even though some promising results obtained, Parthenium weed is still a serious problem to the region. • Controlling Partenium weeds using only a cultural methods are not sufficient and our past experiences proves this. • To solve/reduce/ this problem an integrated and long term and continues Parthenium management strategy should be applied for the sustainable control. That is why an integrated Partenium control project proposed was appreciated and well accepted by the Oromia Bureau Of Agriculture from the beginning.

  15. ☤ .As a partner of the Project Oromia Bureau Of Agriculture has taken different responsibilities to do as counter part of the project Accordingly the following activities were done in the collaboration. ☤. Multiplication and Raring site was selected and reserved for the project purpose at Wolenchiti. ☤.Awareness creation. Regarding Awareness Creation, Extension workers, development Agents and Farmers surrounding Wolinchiti were briefed about the problem. ☤. Multiplication site has already secured. Finally the Oromia bureau of Agriculture promises to do all what to be done in the control of parthienum in the with project and all stakeholders

  16. The Way forward . • Joint effort of different stake holders are paramount. • Further Awareness creation is necessary. • Periodical training of extension workers and farmers is area of focus. • Consistent effort should be practiced until complete seed bank is exhausted. • Biological control of Parthenium management should be followed by other control methods. • Designing a similar project that will help the dissemination of the reared bio-agent to farmers field.

  17. Thank you Samuel Assefa/Dr/ Oromia Bureau of Agriculture. 2014

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