Spaghetti On a Window

Spaghetti On a Window LindsayLiebert & Julia Calabrese March 26, 2018 Block 2

For our project, you had one minute to throw single pieces of spaghetti at a window and we measured how many pieces of spaghetti you could get to stick to the window in one minute. Variables: • Gender • Arm length • Throwing sport • Music genre • Food type • How many spaghetti Intro

Displays of Quantitative Data HISTOGRAM BOXPLOT

SUMMARY STATS Units: Spaghetti

Outlier Test 1.5 x 8 = 12 A = 10 –12 = -2 B = 18 + 12 = 30 (-2, 30) There is an outlier @ 36 spaghetti because 36 exceeds the range of data.

Quantitative Data Shape: The shape of the histogram does not look normal because the data is right skewed. Center: The median of the set is at 14 pieces of spaghetti and the IQR is at 8 pieces of spaghetti. Spread: The quantitative data spreads from 7 pieces of spaghetti as the lowest number to 36 pieces of spaghetti as the highest number, including an outlier at 36 pieces of spaghetti.

Discussion SHAPE: The shape of the data does not look normal because the histogram is slightly right skewed. The 68-95-99.7% Rule: (9.56, 19.56) pieces of spaghetti = 57/77= 74.03% (4.56,24.56) pieces of spaghetti = 75/77= 97.40% (-.44,29.56) pieces of spaghetti = 76/77= 98.70% • Percent of data fallen within 1, 2, & 3 Std. Deviations from the mean: • Mean: 14.56 pieces of spaghetti • Std. Dev.: 5.00 pieces of spaghetti Based on the shape and the percentages above, the data is NOT normal. The percentages don't match up with the 68-95-99.7 rule and the shape is not symmetric.

Gender Count: Female: 35 people Male: 42 people Percent: Female:45.45 % Male: 54.54%

Comparable Charts HISTOGRAM BOXPLOT

Male Summary stats by gender Female

Male 1.5 x 8 = 12 A = 10 –12 = -2 B = 18 + 12 = 30 (-2, 30) Outlier @ 36 spaghettis 1.5 x 7 = 10.5 A =12 –10.5 = -1.5 B = 19 + 10.5 = 29.5 (-1.5, 29.5) No Outliers Outlier Test for Gender Female

The shape of the Male graph is right skewed and bimodal, while the shape for females is also right skewed but unimodal • The center for the male graph is at a median of 13, which is lower than the center for the female graph at a median of 14 • The IQR for the male graph is 8, while the female graph has an IQR of 7 • The range of the males is (7,36), while the female range is (7,25) • The male graph contains one outlier at 36 spaghetti Quantitative Data

Does this have an effect? By looking at the summary statistics, gender does not have an effect on our quantitative data. The medians of both male and female were nearly the same. The Q1 for females is 12 and Q3 is 19. For males, the Q1 is 10 and Q3 is 18. The range for females was (7,25), while the range for males was (7,36). It seems like males have a much wider range, but the maximum for males was proved to be an outlier. So, the ranges for both gender is actually similar. The mean for females is 15.11 and mean for males is 14.09. Not counting the male outlier, it looks like females did a little bit better, but not to the point where we can see a clear difference.

Throwing Sports Count: Yes: 26 people No: 51 people Percent's: Yes: 33.77% No: 66.23%

Summary Stats Throwing Sport Non-Throwing Sport

Outlier Test Throwing Sport Non-Throwing Sport 1.5 x 7 = 10.5 A = 10 –10.5 = -.5 B = 17 + 10.5 = 27.5 (-.5, 27.5) 1.5 x 8 = 12 A = 10 –12 = -2 B = 18 + 12 = 30 (-2, 30) Outlier(s) @ 36 spaghetti's NO Outliers

Does this have an effect? Based on our data, whether or not you play a throwing sport does not seem to have much of an effect on our quantitative data because the average of playing a throwing sport at 14.92 spaghetti and the average of not playing a throwing sport at 14.37 spaghetti are as little as a 1 spaghetti difference. The median's and IQR's are also only different by 1 spaghetti. Although the range of throwing sport spreads all the way to 36 spaghetti and the range of non-throwing sport only spreads to 25 spaghetti, this only occurs because of the outlier at 36 in throwing sports. The outlier is pulling all of the throwing sports data.

Arm Length Count: Short: 39 people Long: 38 people Percent: Short: 50.65 % Long: 49.35%

Short Summary stats by arm length Long

Does this have an effect? Based on our data, arm length seems to have little effect on our quantitative data. Short arms and long arms have very similar means and standard deviations. The mean for short arms is 14.46 and the std. deviation is 5.57. The mean for long arms is 14.66 and the standard deviation is 5.47. Both have the same minimum of 7, Q1 of 10, Q3 of 18 and IQR of 8. The median are only different by .5. Short arms have a median of 14, while long arms have a median of 13.5. The max for short arms is 36, but that is the outlier. Overall, arm length has little to no effect on the data.

Music Genre Count: Alt: 5 ppl. Classic Rock: 3 ppl. Classical: 2 ppl. Country: 5 ppl. Jazz: 1 ppl. Pop: 24 ppl. Rap: 34 ppl. Rock: 3 ppl Percent's Alt: 6.49% CR: 3.90% Classical: 2.60% Country: 6.49% Jazz: 1.30% Pop: 31.17% Rap: 44.16% Rock: 3.90%

Gender vs. Music Genre

Female Alt: 11.43% C.R.: 2.86% Classical: 0% Country: 8.57% Jazz: 0% Pop: 45.71% Rap: 31.43% Rock: 0% Male Alt: 2.38% C.R.: 4.76% Classical: 4.76% Country: 4.76% Jazz: 2.38% Pop: 19.05% Rap: 54.76% Rock: 7.14%

Based on our data, it does seem that gender has an effect on peoples favorite music genres. Although Rap and Pop both seem to be the highest two chosen genres for both genders, we see differences in the other genres. For example, the next highest percentage for females is alternative at 11.43%, while for the males alternative is one of their lowest, with a percentage of 2.38%. Another example is the genre rock. For males, Rock was the 3rd highest percentage with the percentage at 7.14%, but for females, rock had a percentage at 0%, being one of the females least chosen genres. Does Gender have an effect on Music Genre?

Favorite Food Count: Italian: 52 Mexican: 13 Chinese: 6 Indian: 3 Barbeque: 2 American: 1 Percent's Italian: 67.53% Mexican: 16.88% Chinese: 7.79% Indian: 3.89% Barbeque: 2.60% American: 1. 30%

Gender vs. Favorite Food

Female Italian: 74.29% Mexican: 20% Chinese: 2.86% Indian: 2.86% Barbeque: 0% American: 0% Male Italian: 61.90% Mexican: 14.29% Chinese: 11.90% Indian: 4.76% Barbeque: 4.76% American: 2.38%

Based on our data, gender has little effect on favorite type of food. Italian food seems to be the most popular food choice. 74.29% of females and 61.90% of males choose this over the other choices. The second most popular for both genders was Mexican food. 20% of females choose this, while 14.29% of males choose this. The third most popular type of food was Chinese. The males had a very low percentage for barbeque and American food, while 0% of females choose this. It seems that males have a wider range of preference, but not by a lot. Does Gender have an effect on Favorite Food?

Some students stood closer to the window than others • Some students threw more than one piece of spaghetti at a time • Some students had the bag of spaghetti that was fresher than the second bag, possibly making it more sticky BIAS/ERROR

Quantitative Data • The right skew of our data's histogram was no surprise, made sense with how many pieces of spaghetti we were expecting from people • The maximum of 36 pieces of spaghetti was very shocking, especially due to the fact that it is such a large outlier in our data • The average of 14.56 pieces of spaghetti was no shock CONCLUSION

Quantitative Data – Gender • When comparing the histograms, it is evident that although on may be slightly more skewed than the other, they are both right skewed and unimodal, showing that gender didn't have much of an effect on our data Throwing Sport • When comparing the summary stats, take the mean for example, the people who did play throwing sports had a mean of 14.92 pieces of spaghetti, which was slightly higher than those who do not play of throwing sport, whose mean was 14.37 pieces of spaghetti • This shows us that whether or not the person plays a throwing sport does have an effect on the data CONCLUSION

Arm Length • When comparing the histograms of short arms vs long arms, we see that people with short arms have a more symmetrical set of data while people with long arms data is more right skewed • We also see that the means are only .20 pieces of spaghetti apart, long arms being .20 pieces of spaghetti more than those of short arms on average • This small difference shows us that arm length didn't have much of an effect CONCLUSION

Music Genre • 11.43% of females chose alternative (one of the highest female percentages), while only 2.38% of males chose alternative (being one of the lowest male percentages) • 0% of females chose rock (being one of the lowest female percentages), while 7.14% of males chose rock (being one of the highest male percentages) • These statistics show that gender did have a slight effect on peoples favorite music genres CONCLUSION

Fav Food • Italian seems to be the most popular food choice for both males and females. 74.29% of females choose Italian food, which is a little higher than males. • Only males choose barbeque and American food, but those were among the lowest percentages • Males and females had the same top three: Italian, Mexican, and Chinese • Gender has little effect of food preference CONCLUSION

Spaghetti On a Window