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ETHICS PART III

Dive into the concepts of goodness and equality through the works of Socrates, Plato, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Martin Luther King Jr. We explore the importance of being good and the fight for equality in different contexts. Discover the ethical theories and moral education that shape our understanding of these concepts.

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ETHICS PART III

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  1. ETHICS PART III Goodness & equality

  2. Why Be Good? • Introduction • Why be good? • Other People • Practical Answer • Goodness For its Own Sake • Reformulation • Practical Answer • A Religious Answer • Goodness for its own sake • Analogies

  3. Socrates • Background • Life & Death • Wisdom • The Real Socrates • Ethical Theory • Virtue • Why be moral? • Ethical Intellectualism • Knowledge & Goodness, Ignorance & Evil

  4. Socrates • Socrates’ Contributions • Plato • Ethical Theory

  5. Plato • Background • The Death of Socrates • Life • Comprehensive Philosophy

  6. The Ring of Gyges • The Challenge • Glaucon want to hear a defense of justice • Injustice & Justice • The Nature & Origin of Justice • The Origin & Essence of Justice • Justice & Power • Why People are Just

  7. The Ring of Gyges • The Ring of Gyges • The Thought Experiment • The Story • The Point • Choice Between Lives • Face to Face • The Just Man • Judgment

  8. Moral Education • Introduction • Moral Education Involves • Controversy • Practical Matters • Nature, Possibility, Desirability • Human Nature? • Possible? • Desirable?

  9. Moral Education • Who, Why, What? • Purpose? • Educators? • One Morality? • Several Moralities? • Content? • Methods?

  10. Habit & Virtue • The Origin & Nature of Virtue • Human Nature • Natural Faculties • Acquiring Virtues • City States • Learning Crafts • Learning Virtues

  11. Habit & Virtue • General Rules • General Rules • Ethics is not theoretical • Right Principle • Outline • Cardinal Rule • Virtue: Excess & Deficiency • Fostering of Virtues • Health Analogy • Fostering Virtues

  12. Habit & Virtue • Pleasure & Pain • Index of Moral Progress • Moral Goodness • Standards of Regulating Actions • Concern

  13. Habit & Virtue • An Objection & Replies • Objection • First Reply-Arts • Reply-Distinguishing • Reply-Distinguishing & Acquiring • Medicine Analogy

  14. Habit & Virtue • Practice • Putting it into Practice • Discourses on Morality • The Many & Discourse • All Means • Analogy to Land

  15. Habit & Virtue • Education in Goodness • Education of the Youth • Regulation of Life • Guidance • Parents-Second Choice

  16. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • Background • Life • Some Works • The Corruption of Man • Emotional • Noble Savage • Discourse on the Arts and Science • Discourse on Inequality

  17. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • The Social Contract • The Work • Degeneration • Contracting • Sovereignty and Government • Education • Emile • Three Sections of Growth • Condemnation

  18. Emile • The Object of Education • Degeneration • Needs & Education • Sources of Education • Nature • The Education of Emile Age 10 or 12 • Result • Speaking • Natural • Moral Ideas

  19. Emile • Education of Emile Age 15 • Result • Reason • Emile’s Qualities • More Qualities

  20. Equality • Introduction • Equality • Questions About Equality

  21. Mary Wollstonecraft • Background • Life • Feminism • Works

  22. Vindication of the Rights of Women • Wealth • Evil Flows from the respect paid to property • Hereditary Wealth • Virtues & Impediments • Acquiring Virtues-Duties • Morality & Equality • Dependence as impediment • Impediments: Wealth, charm, hereditary property • Duties • Happiness

  23. Vindication of the Rights of Women • The Slavery of Women • Cause of Misery • Distinction of Rank • Wealth • Laws • Duties & Virtues • Duties • Society & Duties • Becoming Virtuous • Wealth as an Impediment

  24. Vindication of the Right of Women • Society • Representation • Problems • More Problems • Solution • Government & Virtue • Respect & Protection • Respect • Protection

  25. Vindication of the Right of Women • Conclusion • Entreaty • Motivation for Men

  26. Dr. King • Background • Life • Education • Accomplishments & Contributions

  27. I Have a Dream • Why, When & How • 100 Years Ago & Now • The basis of the claim • When? • How? • Marching Ahead • The Dream • American Dream • Hope, Faith & Freedom

  28. Species Equality • Introduction • Animals • Common Uses of Animals • Quetsions • Views

  29. Whether It Is Unlawful to Kill Any Living Thing • Thomas Aquinas • Objections • Objection 1: Preservation of Living Things • Objection 2: Deprivation of Life • Objection 3: Special Punishment • Augustine • Augustine: Thou shalt not kill • Answer: Purpose • Use

  30. Whether It Is Unlawful to Kill Any Living Thing • Replies • Objection 1: For Man (Augustine) • Objection 2: Lack Reason • Objection 3: Use

  31. Rene Descartes • Life & Works • Life • Published Works

  32. The Automatism of Animals • Descartes • Error & Motion • Error • Two Different Principles of Movements • Appearance of Thought • Proof • Argument for Animals Thinking • Criticism of the Argument

  33. The Automatism of Animals • Bodies • Bodies & Motion Argument • Automata Argument • Language Argument • Life

  34. Duties Towards Animals • Immanuel Kant • Animals • Animals • Animals are Merely Means • Animal Nature Analogous to Human Nature • Duties Towards Animals • Hogarth’s Engravings • Love of Animals • Leibniz • Tender Feelings • Treatment of Animals • Conclusion

  35. Utilitarian Argument • Argument • Introduction • Principle & Scope • Standard Argument for Moral Relevance • Argument Template • Example • Example

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