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IPv4 (Part III)

Dec 2012. IPv4 (Part III). ร ศ.ดร.อนันต์ ผลเพิ่ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. anan.p@ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~anan Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. Outline. IP Fundamental Operation Internet Protocol Addressing Supporting Protocol

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IPv4 (Part III)

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  1. Dec 2012 IPv4 (Part III) รศ.ดร.อนันต์ ผลเพิ่ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. anan.p@ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~anan Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand

  2. Outline • IP Fundamental Operation • Internet Protocol • Addressing • Supporting Protocol • ARP • ICMP: ping + traceroute • NAT • DHCP

  3. Network Address Translation (NAT)

  4. Network Address Translation (NAT) • Private Network • Good practice to use private address • Map local addresses to (real) public IP address(es) • Security (not expose internal details) • Alleviate IP depletion

  5. Private IP address

  6. Stub Network • Operates at the border of a stub network

  7. Internet ADSL Router WLAN ADSL Router ADSL Modem Stub Network Example ADSL Connection Telephone Line ADSL Modem ISP ADSL Modem

  8. NAT “One” or “Pool” of IP addresses

  9. Example 172.18.3.254 200.24.5.8

  10. Configure NAT • Static Translation • Dynamic Translation

  11. Static Translation

  12. Dynamic Translation Many-to-one Mapping ??? Many inside IP  one outside IP

  13. PAT: Port Address Translation (Overloaded NAT)

  14. PAT 179.9.8.80

  15. Disadvantages of NAT • Delay • Loss of end-to-end ability • Might not work with some applications Find out what application does not work with NAT ?

  16. Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)

  17. BOOTP • Diskless terminal • Discover its own IP address • Download executable image file • Small program built in chip • BOOTH and TFTP • Application Protocol • Encapsulated in IP and UDP

  18. BOOTP packet format

  19. Operation

  20. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

  21. DHCP • BOOTP Enhancement • Same message structure as BOOTP • Can choose among many DHCP servers

  22. DHCP packet

  23. Operation

  24. DHCP Message

  25. DHCP transition diagram

  26. DHCP Relay

  27. DHCP Relay

  28. Summary • IP Fundamental Operation • Internet Protocol • Addressing • Supporting Protocol • ARP • ICMP: ping + traceroute • NAT • DHCP

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