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Lymphatic System

Lymphatic System. Lymphatic System Functions. Fluid & Protein Balance  Return excess interstitial fluid and leaked proteins to blood Digestion  Lacteals transport dietary lipids (chyle) Vitamins A, D, E and K from GI tract Immune Response

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Lymphatic System

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  1. Lymphatic System

  2. Lymphatic System Functions Fluid & Protein Balance Return excess interstitial fluid and leaked proteins to blood Digestion Lacteals transport dietary lipids (chyle) Vitamins A, D, E and K from GI tract Immune Response Cell mediated immune responses—T cells destroy intruders with cytotoxic substances. Antibody-mediated immune responses detect and destroy specific foreign substances.

  3. Lymphatic System Components Lymph Fluid of the lymphatic system Similar to blood plasma and interstitial fluid Lymphatic Vessels Transport lymph Lymph is returned to the circulatory system at either the right or left subclavian veins Lymphoid tissues House phagocytic and lymphoid cells

  4. Lymphatic Vessels Lymphatic capillaries resemble veins but have thinner walls and more valves. Lymph vessels in the skin follow veins. Lymph vessels in the viscera follow arteries. Lymph vessels are NOT found in avascular tissue, CNS, parts of spleen and red bone marrow.

  5. Flow of Lymph Blood capillaries (blood)  interstitial spaces  lymph capillaries  lymph vessels  lymph trunks  thoracic and right lymphatic duct  junction of the internal and subclavian veins (blood). Smooth muscles in lymph vessels contract rhythmically Pulsations in adjacent arteries aid flow Skeletal muscle and respiratory pump

  6. Flow of Lymph Lymphatics & the Breast

  7. Lymphoid Cells Lymphocytes T-cells B-cells Macrophages Dendritic cells Reticular cells

  8. Lymphoid Tissue Site for lymphocyte residence and proliferation Provides sentinel position for lymphocytes and macrophages Lymphocytes cycle among lymphoid tissue, blood circulation and loose connective tissue. Can be diffuse or densely organized

  9. Lymph Nodes 2 Functions: Filter lymph Activate immune system Microorganisms Cancer cells

  10. Lymph nodes 2 Regions: Cortex B cells T cells Medulla Lymph Sinuses & macrophages Lymph Nodes Animation

  11. Lymphoid Organs Lymph Nodes Spleen Thymus Tonsils Peyer’s patches MALT

  12. Spleen White pulp B and T cells carry out immune function. Red pulp Removes aged and defective RBCs Stores breakdown products of RBCs Erythrocyte production in fetus Stores blood platelets Has regenerative properties

  13. Thymus Secretes thymopoietin, thmosins to make T-cells immunocompetent Bilobed organ Trabeculae divide lobe into lobules. Thymic corpuscles

  14. Tonsils & Adenoids Trap bacteria which work their way into the follicles where they are destroyed This helps develop memory

  15. Appendix • Possibly works with the Peyer's patches to help defend against invaders from the digestive system

  16. MALT Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue

  17. Causes of Edema Edema Accumulation of interstitial fluid Blockage of lymphatic system Increased pressure in veins Lack of albumin Decreases fluid returning to blood capillaries by osmosis Inflammation

  18. Homeoimbalances of the Lymphatic System • Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) • Lymphatic Filariasis • Mesenteric Lymphadenitis • Swollen Lymph Nodes • Castleman Disease • Adenoids • Splenomegaly • Hodgkin's disease • Kawasaki disease

  19. Nonspecific Body Defenses Skin Acid Stomach Vagina Mucus Saliva Tears • Phagocytosis • Complement • Fever • Inflammation

  20. Complement

  21. Inflammation Bodies response to tissue injury Classic signs Heat Redness Swelling Pain

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