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Review Unit

Review Unit. Notes from class September, 2008. Economy Education Religion Publishing Political Ideas War. Your notes will show how the ENGLISH colonies in America developed their own unique identity  trends, patterns, & cause ‘n effect. American Identity. American Identity Chart.

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Review Unit

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  1. Review Unit Notes from class September, 2008

  2. Economy Education Religion Publishing Political Ideas War Your notes will show how the ENGLISH colonies in America developed their own unique identity  trends, patterns, & cause ‘n effect American Identity

  3. American Identity Chart • Economy • Better economic opportunities; • more chance of owning land. • Education • High reading rate; • children educated to read the Bible • Religion • Religion important • Great Awakening spreads Christian ideals across the country • Publishing • Colonist publish own newspapers and books • Political Ideas • Colonists expect “rights of Englishmen” • Enlightenment – people can improve or change their government • War • French and Indian war unites colonies against common enemies • Albany Plan – (Franklin) 1st attempt to UNITE the colonies

  4. The Great Awakening  NEW ideas/new ideals • God created all men equally= slavery is immoral • allegiance to God = power of state not absolute separation of church and state • individual conscience = freedom of choice (p.139)  can disagree with the government

  5. The Enlightenment – (1600-1700) JOHN LOCKE – (English Philosopher) philosophy that government is • a social contract • between political leaders and • the people they governed & • lasts only as long as it protects natural (fundamental) rights of • life, • religious liberty and • equality before the law (p. 140)

  6. John Locke • Enlightenment philosopher • people have natural rights: life, liberty, property • role of government is to protect these natural rights

  7. The Enlightenment – (1600-1700) Charles Louis Montesquieu – (French Philosopher)government by agreement • Opposed monarchyas a form of government kings do not have GOD given right to rule • Separation of Powers: • Government of THREE branches • Each branch has separate/individual powers • Legislative – make laws • Executive – enforce laws • Judicial – interpret laws • Each branch keeps power of others in check

  8. 15 Montesquieu • (Fr.) enlightenment philosopher • against idea of monarchy • right to rule NOT GOD given • Separation of Powers • 3 branches of government with • each branch able to check the power of the other branches

  9. Enlightenment • reason & science  path to knowledge; • education/reason used to improve society Reason + Science  knowledge/education = improve society

  10. Benjamin Franklin • Enlightenment figure • used reason to improve society/life in Philadelphia • Roads, • Library • Fire department • Gas lights on streets

  11. British Government

  12. Magna Carta (1215) • was a written constitution/contract • protected rights of nobles & • guaranteed rights to nobles & freemen; • right to property; • no taxation without approval; • no trial on word of official  need witnesses; • punished by jury of peers

  13. British Government

  14. English Bill of Rights (1689) • Glorious Revolution (William & Mary) • Government based on Laws of Parliament • Parliament’s Laws = supreme • Strengthened rights of the people strengthened • protected individual rights of citizens (p. 144)

  15. British Government

  16. Economics • Favorable Balance of Trade • England makes $$ • Colonies help England make $$ • Laws assured that ENGLAND made $$ on ALL colonial trade

  17. Triangular Trade See Textbook Map – pg 111

  18. Navigation Acts • use English ships for transport • English or Colonial owners • English or Colonial crew • European goods • go through England first • pay tax and transport only in English ship • Enumerated Articles: • items on list MUST be sold to England only • other items (grain & fish) sold anywhere

  19. What is missing?

  20. American Culture • Literature • Way of thinking about events

  21. John Peter Zenger • Publisher of New-York Weekly Journal • Freedom of the press • Against law to criticize the government in print. • Zenger said should not be against the law to speak the truth • Tension starts to rise between British Government and the colonists

  22. French and Indian War • 6 Must Knows

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