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RFI Flagging in the LOFAR Imaging Pipeline. David Rafferty and the Flagging Team. Some Typical RFI. LBA data (SB64 of L2009_14319): No flagging or squashing. HBA data (SB48 of L2009_16167): No flagging or squashing. Current Flagging Scheme.
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RFI Flagging in the LOFAR Imaging Pipeline David Rafferty and the Flagging Team
Some Typical RFI LBA data (SB64 of L2009_14319): No flagging or squashing HBA data (SB48 of L2009_16167): No flagging or squashing
Current Flagging Scheme • To date, best results achieved using the MAD (Median Absolute Deviation) Flagger: • First, run on unsquashed data with a medium frequency window and small time window • Next, run repeatedly on squashed data with a wide time window to catch broad-band RFI • Runs in ~ ½ real time for 20-station data (e.g., 1 hour for a 2-hour dataset)
LBA Data after MADFlagger SB57 of L2009_14319 SB72 of L2009_14319
HBA Data after MADFlagger SB38 of L2009_16167
NDPPP • New version of DPPP by Ger van Diepen • Many improvements and new features, but those most relevant to RFI flagging include: • Significantly faster than IDPPP • Ability to flag on any combination of polarizations • New PreFlagger allows flagging of individual channels, baselines, etc. • Many more flagging strategies are now practical
Example NDPPP Run • 2 passes on unsquashed data using XX and YY only: • Freq. window = 101 channels, time window = 1 • Freq. window = 1, time window = 101 time slots • 1 pass on squashed data using all polarizations with wide time window • Runs in ~ ¼ real time for 20-station data (e.g., 30 min on a 2-hour dataset), IDPPP requires > real time
Example NDPPP Run on HBA Data SB50 of L2009_16167
Example NDPPP Run on HBA Data SB50 of L2009_16167
Flagger of André Offringa • Not yet part of DPPP • Run with command “rficonsole <input.ms>” • “Best” strategy appears to work very well • Runs at 1/2 real time for 20-station data • Has two main advantages over the MADFlagger: • Uses a more sophisticated fit to visibilities • Flags neighboring point that don’t meet flagging criteria on their own but do when summed
Summary • NDPPP allows for many more practical flagging schemes – these need testing • Need strategy to deal with broad-band, long-duration RFI (i.e., wider than ~ half the flagging window) • Need a thorough characterization of the typical RFI seen in LBA and HBA • Further extend DPPP flagging capabilities