Prepared for the Professional Learning Communities of the Shaping the Future Conference

1. MiningforDiamondsintheRoughResearch Strategies that Produce Positive Results Prepared for the Professional Learning Communities of the Shaping the Future Conference by Dan Mulligan, April 2008

2. Premise of the Workshop We need to stop asking “how?’ We now have all the knowledge, the skills, the methods, the tools, the capacity, and the freedom to do whatever is required to serve all students well. All that is needed is the will and the courage to choose and to move on. Peter Block, 1998

4. GiveOne…GetOne… • On the back of your handout, write one way being a teacher/administrator in Montana is like an astronaut on a walk in space. Think and be creative. • When signaled, circulate the room to meet a colleague. Give him/her your answer and get their answer. • You need a total of 2 answers. You may not get more than one idea from an individual. When you have completed your task, return to your seat. • Enjoy!

6. Identifying Similarities and Differences

7. The process of identifying and articulating similarities and differences among items. Comparing The process of grouping things into definable categories on the basis of their attributes. Classifying The process of identifying and articulating the underlying theme or general pattern in information. Creating Metaphors The process of identifying relationships between pairs of concepts (e.g., relationships between relationships). Creating Analogies What processes can students engage in to identify similarities and differences?

8. Similarities and DifferencesAnalogies putter is to a set of golf clubs as 2 is to the set of primes 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, … What is the common relationship? putter

9. Hey… This looks familiar… Which of the high yield instructional strategies do you see in this structure?

11. Effective Instruction #2: focuses on essential knowledge and essential skills • Three types of curricula exist in any classroom: • The Intended Curriculum: content/skill specified by the state, division, or school at a particular grade level. • The Implemented Curriculum: content/skill actually delivered by the teacher. • The Attained Curriculum: content/skill actually learned by the students. Implemented Curriculum Attained Curriculum Intended Curriculum Montana Content Standards and PerformanceDescriptors

12. Content-Related Evidence of Validity(Attained Curriculum) Essential Skills & Processes Essential Knowledge LEARNING TARGET (attained curriculum) Essential Vocabulary

13. Demonstrate an understanding of and an ability to use data analysis, probability, and statistics Knowledge Vocabulary Skills When is a relation called a function? What does interact mean? Which event will most likely occur? How do you know?

14. a. The number of cavities the sixth graders have? b. The number of people in the sixth graders’ families? c. The ages of the sixth graders’ mothers? d. The heights of the sixth graders in inches?

16. First-grade children from higher SES groups know about twice as many words as lower SES children High school seniors near the top of their class knew about four times as many words as their lower performing classmates High-knowledge third graders have vocabularies about equal to lowest-performing 12th graders Individual differences in vocabulary have a powerful impact on reading comprehension beginning about third grade Vocabulary

18. Types of pictures: • Draw the actual thing. Marine biologist

19. Types of pictures: • Draw the actual thing. Abraham Lincoln

20. Types of pictures: • Draw the concept. Mutualism When one thing helps another.

21. Types of pictures: • Draw the concept. Change

22. Types of pictures: • Draw an example. Explorer

23. Types of pictures: • Draw the concept. revolve

24. Research on Imagery as Elaboration Students who used imagery to learn vocabulary, on average, performed # of studies

27. Organizing Theme: Things someone would say… SPECIAL ELECTION 2008 EDITION Trivia Triangle Barak Obama! 200 POINTS Sarah Palin Joe the Plumber 100 POINTS 100 POINTS Cindy McCain Bill Clinton George Bush 50 POINTS 50 POINTS 50 POINTS

28. FINE ARTS RHYTHM 200 POINTS VISUAL MELODY 100 POINTS 100 POINTS ILLUSION ARCHITECTURE COMPOSER 50 POINTS 50 POINTS 50 POINTS

29. US History CONSUMER RIGHTS 200 POINTS PRIVATE PROPERTY GLOBAL ECONOMY 100 POINTS 100 POINTS CIVIC DUTY LAWS PATRIOTISM 50 POINTS 50 POINTS 50 POINTS

30. Science Energy 200 POINTS Hypothesis Electron 100 POINTS 100 POINTS Atmosphere Experiment Dissolve 50 POINTS 50 POINTS 50 POINTS

31. YOUR TURN!!! 200 POINTS 100 POINTS 100 POINTS 50 POINTS 50 POINTS 50 POINTS

37. Instructional Strategies that Facilitate Successful Inclusion Must … • Supply students with STRUCTURE and ORGANIZATION • Encourage student COMMUNICATION and COLLABORATION • Provide students with VISUAL and HANDS-ON learning experiences

44. “A pupil from whom nothing isever demanded which hecannot do, never does all he can.” John Stuart Mill “No one Rises to Low Expectations.” Carl Boyd

46. Self-Assessment Tool

48. Research-based Strategy:Cooperative learningPercentile Gain 27 The GARDEN Plot

49. Kinds of Evidence – Continuum of EvidenceInformal Check for Understanding