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World War I: The War At Home

World War I: The War At Home. 1914-1920. Mobilizing the Nation. Wilson mobilized the U.S. P rograms to finance the war, conserve scarce resources, & redirect industry & labor Propaganda for support & intolerance of antiwar. Directing the Economy. E conomy had to reorganized

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World War I: The War At Home

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  1. World War I: The War At Home 1914-1920

  2. Mobilizing the Nation • Wilson mobilized the U.S. • Programs to finance the war, conserve scarce resources, & redirect industry & labor • Propaganda for support & intolerance of antiwar

  3. Directing the Economy • Economy had to reorganized • Raising $= eventually cost $35 billion • Raised $ w/ Liberty bonds & Victory bonds • Promotion each issue= Huge success • taxes on business & large personal incomes • $10 billion for the war

  4. Directing the Economy • Coordinating the actions of gov’t& business w/ war boards • Never took complete control • Set prices & production of supplies & regulated businesses

  5. Conserving Resources • Fed. war boards= Food Admin. & Fuel Admin.- regulated the production & supply • Herbert Hoover= Food Admin. • food production & conserved existing supplies • Guaranteed farmers high prices= production

  6. Conserving Resources • Reduce consumption= effective • Wheat less & meatless days • “Victory gardens” • Harry Garfield= Fuel Admin. • Heatless Mondays • 1918, closed factories east of the Mississippi River for

  7. Organizing Industry • 100s of boards regulated production & distribution • RR Admin. reorganized by setting limits= rates & wages • Coordinated by War Industries Board (WIB) • Allocated scarce materials, production priorities, & prices

  8. Organizing Industry • Critical of programs • Intervention would damage the U.S. system of free enterprise • Profits soared= critics stopped

  9. Quick Review • What did the U.S. government do to finance the war? • How was the Food & Fuel Administration successful? • What happened to industry as a result of President Wilson’s programs?

  10. Activity: Promo Commercial • Create a promotional commercial describing the government’s efforts to prepare the nation for war • Promote a specific effort or several, up to you • Informative & Entertaining • Use a rubric

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