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Thermae Romanae

Baths to us!. Thermae Romanae. Rome was a city of 1,000,000 people at its zenith and needed many baths to accommodate its residents. Baths were called THERMAE if they were really big and BALNEA if they were small, local baths.

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Thermae Romanae

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  1. Baths to us! ThermaeRomanae

  2. Rome was a city of 1,000,000 people at its zenith and needed many baths to accommodate its residents. Baths were called THERMAE if they were really big and BALNEA if they were small, local baths. Balnea were the most common bathing spot. They were simpler than thermae. The first large scale Thermae was build in 25 bc by Agrippa (same name on Pantheon). Thermae

  3. Thermae is the word for “heat.” After Agrippa, many other Emperors wanted to build better and bigger Thermae (more luxurious) and subsidize them to the point that they were almost free. The bath of Diocletian, built in 305 AD could accommodate over 3000 bathers By 33 BC there were 170 baths, public and private, in Rome. The daily bath had become a social occasion. Meet all your friends there. By the end of the 4th century AD, there were 11 public baths and 926 private baths in Rome. Thermae

  4. Principal baths, named in honor of the emperors who had them built, were: • Nero in 65 AD • Titus in 81 AD • Domitian in 95 AD • Commodus in 185 AD • Caracalla in 217 AD (Ruins) • Diocletian in 305 AD (Remodelled: MikAng) • and Constantine in 315 AD Principal baths

  5. Thermae needed two things to be successful: • Big open interior space: • achieved by a VAULTED CEILING • HYPOCAUST: Heating system for water and for the floor. Technological developments:

  6. In addition to bathing, baths had: • Small theater for reciting poetry • Café and ambulatory snack sellers • Palaestra: to exercise • Wrestle, foot race, ball games • Manicured gardens • Library • Lounge furniture Other Amenities

  7. Greet the BALNEATOR with a QUADRANS. • The bath operator with the lowest denomination coin. • You might bring your slave who would carry your towel, oils, bath implements, watch your clothes Entering the bath

  8. Enter the APODYTERIUM (changing room) May give CASPARIUS a coin to guard clothes Apodyterium would have niches for clothes or wooden cabinets (lockers) First stop: Apodyterium

  9. Enter the Tepidarium: Medium hot room/bath This would warm your body up. If you wanted: go into the Palaestra for exercise. 2nd Stop: Tepidarium

  10. A) Optional: If you wanted: go into the Palaestra for exercise. Wrestling, ball, races. B) CALIDARIUM: hot room and hot bath. Open pores, sweat. Heated floor: needed sandals C) Optional: LACONIUM: Very hot room, no pool 3rd Stop: Calidarium

  11. After you get hot and sweaty enough, heat or exercise: Massage or rubdown with oils. Yourself, Professional or your friend Scrape off oils with a STRIGIL

  12. After scrape off all sweat and oil FRIGIDARIUM: Cold bath Purpose: to close pores and cool off. 4th Stop: Frigidarium

  13. NATATIO Regular unheated swimming pool for recreation Same as the pool you might use: splash around, drown your friends etc. Some outside and some enclosed. Other Schtuff

  14. LATRINA: Common room, no stalls, chit chat with friends Sort of private: Pull up toga, Not pull down pants Underwear?Maybesubligaculumor loincloth Hygiene: sponge on a stick Other schtuff:

  15. Subligaculum

  16. Co-ed? Women probably bathed in the morning, men in the afternoon. But the largest did have separate facilities for each.

  17. Water quality: poor But: aqueducts provided water so the water could have been replenished.

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