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A Functional Analysis of Aggression: Adaptive and Maladaptive Profiles

A Functional Analysis of Aggression: Adaptive and Maladaptive Profiles. Todd D. Little Key Collaborators: Stephanie M. Jones Christopher C. Henrich Patricia H. Hawley Jessica Brauner. Outline. Highlight the Primary Views on the Structure of Agonistic Behaviors

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A Functional Analysis of Aggression: Adaptive and Maladaptive Profiles

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  1. A Functional Analysis of Aggression: Adaptive and Maladaptive Profiles Todd D. Little Key Collaborators: Stephanie M. Jones Christopher C. Henrich Patricia H. Hawley Jessica Brauner

  2. Outline • Highlight the Primary Views on the Structure of Agonistic Behaviors • Present Our Multi-faceted Model of Aggression • Focus on Typologies based on our Action-Theory Form vs. Function Analysis • Touch on Differences in Reporters’ Perspectives • Sample: 1,723 5th-10th Grade German Students

  3. Contemporary Functional View • Reactive Aggression: • Aggression that appears to be an angry defensive response to frustration (goal blocking) or provocation and includes responses that are primarily interpersonal and hostile in nature (stems from frustration-aggression model). • Proactive (Instrumental) Aggression: • Aggression that occurs in anticipation of self-serving outcomes and is a deliberate behavior that is controlled by external reinforcements (stems from social learning theory formulations of aggression). • - Coie & Dodge, 1998

  4. Contemporary Forms View • Overt (Direct, Physical)Aggression: • Generally described as physical/verbal aggression (hitting or pushing, threatening to beat up others) directed at a target. • Note: The functional distinctions have only been made for overt aggression. • Relational (Covert, Indirect) Aggression: • Behaviors that are intended to significantly damage another’s child’s friendships or feeling of inclusion by the peer group (e.g., purposefully withdrawing friendship or acceptance, spreading rumors, gossiping, etc.). • - Crick & Grotpeter, 1995

  5. FUSIAFully Unified System Integrating Aggression

  6. Overt Reactive Overt Instrumental A Unifying Model of Aggression

  7. Overt (Dispositional) Relational (Dispositional) Overt Reactive Overt Instrumental A Unifying Model of Aggression

  8. Overt (Dispositional) Relational (Dispositional) Overt Reactive Overt Instrumental Relational Reactive Relational Instrumental A Unifying Model of Aggression

  9. Overt (Dispositional) Relational (Dispositional) Overt Reactive Overt Instrumental Relational Reactive Relational Instrumental A Unifying Model of Aggression

  10. Overt (Dispositional) Relational (Dispositional) A Unifying Model of Aggression Reactive Instrumental Reactive Instrumental

  11. Overt (Dispositional) Relational (Dispositional) Reactive Instrumental Reactive Instrumental Reactive Instrumental A Unifying Model of Aggression

  12. .83 Overt (Dispositional) Relational (Dispositional) -.07 A Unifying Model of Aggression Reactive Instrumental

  13. Sub-types of Aggression Based on Function Primarily Instrumental Both ‘Typical’ range Primarily Reactive Neither Instrumentally Aggressive Reactively Aggressive

  14. Inter-Reporter Relations Self Friend Peer Teacher Parent O R O R O R O R O R

  15. Overt Aggression

  16. Relational Aggression

  17. Self-Reported Motivations

  18. Self-Reported Personality

  19. How They Feel

  20. What Peers See

  21. What Teachers See

  22. Conclusions & Future Directions • The Various Models of Aggression can be unified • Allows differentiation of form vs function • Facilitates identification of subtypes • Provides a basis to examine under what conditions aspects of aggression are: adaptive and normative vs maladaptive and atypical • Some Future Directions • Examine the typological differences more closely • Who are the Targets of the agonistic behavior? • Replicate in U.S. context and examine over time

  23. What Friends See

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