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MOUTH

Lingual Lipase. FFA + DAGs (miniscule amounts). Lipids: Triacylglycerols. 1a. Cholesterol esters Phospholipids. Lingual Lipase ("acid-stable"). FFA + DAGs (small amounts). 1b. MOUTH. Triacylglycerols. STOMACH. STEP 1: Digestion in the Mouth and Stomach.

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MOUTH

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  1. Lingual Lipase FFA + DAGs (miniscule amounts) Lipids: Triacylglycerols 1a Cholesterol esters Phospholipids Lingual Lipase ("acid-stable") FFA + DAGs (small amounts) 1b MOUTH Triacylglycerols STOMACH STEP 1: Digestion in the Mouth and Stomach Courtesy of Dr. Marc Tischler

  2. CCK-PZ stimulates secretion from stomach FFA Trypsinogen Pancreatic lipase Pancreatic Procolipase Pancreatic esterase Pancreatic ProPLA2 EXOCRINE PANCREAS trypsinogen, procolipase, lipase, esterase, HCO3-, proPLA2 Endocrine cell Cholecystokin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) via bloodstream Bile Salt storage SMALL INTESTINE duodenum/jejunum Bile Acid Synthesis Conjuga- tionLIVER GALL BLADDER CCK-PZ causes contraction STEP 2: Enzymatic Digestion in the Duodenum/Jejunum – secretion of zymogens/bile salts Courtesy of Dr. Marc Tischler

  3. LIVER Enterohepatic circulation of bile acids FFA, 2MG 3b cholesterol lysolecithin vitamin A 3b Portal vein Released bile acids Short/medium chain FFA Reabsorbed by ileum Capillaries SMALL INTESTINE duodenum/jejunum Mixed Micelles 4 STEP 3b: Bile Acid Recycling STEP 4: Lipid Absorption Courtesy of Dr. Marc Tischler

  4. 6b To lacteals and thoracic duct (lymphatic system) B48 Chylomicron vitamins D, E, K 6a Coating with apolipoprotein (with TTP) Cholesterol ester Phospholipid Triacyl- glycerol 5 ACAT reesterification FFA, 2MG cholesterol lysolecithin vitamin A SMALL INTESTINE duodenum/jejunum Triacylglycerol transfer protein Acyl CoA: cholesterol acyl transferase STEP 5: Re-esterification STEP 6: Chylomicron Assembly and Export Courtesy of Dr. Marc Tischler

  5. chylomicron interacts with lipoprotein lipase removing FFA Nascent chylo-microns acquire apo CII (C) and E (E) from HDL C E C E C E C E C E C E C E C E C E Lymph system: Chylomicrons to capillaries via lymph INTEST INE non-hepatic tissues ApoB48 aids with chylo-micron assembly LIVER Chylomicrons carry dietary fatty acids to tissues and the remnants take cholesterol to the liver

  6. chylomicron interacts with lipoprotein lipase removing FFA Lymph system: INTEST INE chylomicron acquires apo CII (C) and E (E) from HDL C E C E C E C E C E E C E C E E C E C E C E C chylomicron remnants lose CII to HDL E C E E E Liver: apo E receptor takes up remnants to deliver cholesterol non-hepatic tissues ApoB48 LIVER Chylomicrons carry dietary fatty acids to tissues and the remnants take cholesterol to the liver Courtesy of Dr. Marc Tischler

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