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Neutralization

Neutralization. The story so far…. H +. Acids give off ________ ions and have pH values __________________. less than 7. HCl, H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 …. OH -. Bases give off ________ ions and have pH values

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Neutralization

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  1. Neutralization

  2. The story so far….. H+ Acids give off ________ ions and have pH values __________________ less than 7 HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4…. OH- Bases give off ________ ions and have pH values __________________ more than 7 NaOH, Ca(OH)2, KOH….

  3. Neutralization: The reaction of an acid and a base to form neutral products. General Reaction: Acid + Base  Salt + Water

  4. Examples: Hydrochloric + Sodium  Sodium + Water Acid Hydroxide Chloride HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O Key Reaction: H+ + OH-  H2O

  5. Example 2: Potassium fluoride Hydrofluoric + Potassium  + Acid Hydroxide __________ _________ Water H2O HF + KOH  _______ + ______ KF This equation is already balanced!

  6. Example 3: Sulfuric + Sodium  + Acid Hydroxide __________ ______ Sodium Sulfate Water H2O Na2SO4 H2SO4 + NaOH  _______ + _____ The final balanced equation….. H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O

  7. Applications • Antacid medications • - mild bases used to neutralize extra stomach acid e.g. TUMS

  8. Neutralizing Acid Lakes • - pollutants like CO2, SO2 ,NO2 mix with water to form acid precipitation - this causes acid lakes and soil • Adding a base like LIME (calcium hydroxide) can neutralize acidic lakes and soil

  9. Prediction: How many drops of HCl will be needed to neutralize 10 drops of NaOH? Demonstration- Acid Base Titration Purpose: to neutralize sodium hydroxide (NaOH) using hydrochloric acid (HCl). What will be the final pH value after neutralizing?

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