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FAA Satellite Navigation Status

Overview of FAA's Satellite Navigation Program, focusing on WAAS system status, GEO failures, impacts, mitigation actions, and future coverage expectations. Analysis of affected areas in Alaska and airport operations.

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FAA Satellite Navigation Status

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  1. FAA Satellite Navigation Status Deborah Lawrence, SBAS Program Manager Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) APEC/GIT-14

  2. FAA Satellite Navigation Program

  3. Overview • WAAS Overview • LAAS Overview • GNSS Operations Strategy

  4. Wide Area Augmentation System - 2003 38 Reference Stations 3 Master Stations 4 Ground Earth Stations 2 Geostationary Satellite Links 2 Operational Control Centers

  5. 30 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 FY Development Operational Operational Operational Operational Operational Operational Launch 9/05 UpdatedWAAS Enterprise Schedule FLP Segment (Phase II) LPV-200 Segment (Phase III) Dual Frequency (Phase IV) Phases FOC Technical Refresh Operational JRC SLEP Technical Refresh Operational JRC GEO #3 – Intelsat GEO #4 – TeleSat Gap Filler GEO GEO #5 – TBD GEO #6 – TBD GEO #7 - TBD Former GEO Schedule Operational Launch 10/05 Operational Launch 09/08 Launch 09/14 Launch 06/15 Launch 01/16 GEO #3 – Intelsat GEO #4 – TeleSatGap Filler GEO POR (Evaluation in progress) GEO #5 – TBD GEO #6 - TBD Satellite Failure Operational New GEO Schedule ! Launch 10/05 Operational Launch 9/05 Operational Launch 09/08 Operational Operational Launch 01/16

  6. WAAS Current GEO Performance • Both WAAS GEOs (CRW and CRE) Currently Operating Nominally • CRW Failure Expected by end of July 2010 • Daily Monitoring of CRW Performance shows no degradation of service at present • Preparing for single GEO (CRE) Coverage • Yearly maintenance of CRE Uplink stations completed early • GEO Uplink station receiver updated with improved firmware

  7. Current WAAS Performance

  8. Expected Impacts with CRW Failure • Once CRW service is discontinued, WAAS service over CONUS and most of Alaska will be provided by a single GEO • WAAS Users Will Experience Outages During GEO Uplink Subsystem (GUS) Switchovers • Temporary Loss of Service Approximately 5 Minutes Per Event • Typically Occurs 4 – 5 Times Per Month • In NW Alaska there will be no WAAS service since the remaining GEO (CRE) does not provide service to NW Alaska • Users Will Still Have LNAV Service with GPS RAIM • En route / Terminal Reverts to RAIM • NW Alaska and the Western Edge of NAS in North Pacific

  9. Predicted LPV Coverage Degradation in Alaska

  10. Alaskan Airports Impacted • Adak • Atqasuk Edward Burnell Sr. Memorial • Bob Baker Memorial • Deering • Gambell • Kivalina • Nome • Point Hope • Point Lay LRRS • Ralph Wien Memorial • Savoonga • Shishmaref • Teller • Wainright • Wales • Wiley Post

  11. Other Impacts of CRW Failure • WAAS Program is accelerating implementation of a third GEO satellite (Gap-Filler) • Originally planned for operational use by Dec 2010 • Accelerated Schedule projected to have GEO operational by Oct 2010 but will Increase Program costs by approximately 1.5 M • Addition of Gap-Filler GEO provides only limited coverage over Southeast Alaska • With a Single GEO (CRE) Operating WAAS performance more vulnerable to weak GPS constellation • Following example shows impact of a CRE GUS switchover at time when Critical GPS satellite (PRN 2) is unuseable • When a GUS Switchover occurs it takes upward of 6 hours before GEO can be used for ranging

  12. Mitigation Activity Status • WAAS Program is accelerating acquisition of a Ranging capable GEO • Program office had completed a market survey for GEO satellites just prior to CRW failure • Efforts underway to establish a procurement vehicle for new GEO(s) • FAA is awaiting replacement solution from loss of CRW from GEO satellite provider (Lockheed Martin) • Former WAAS GEO (POR) has been identified as mitigation for loss of Service in Alaska • Program Office has started planning efforts for inclusion of this satellite back into WAAS • Testing being conducted to evaluate how to operate POR in the current WAAS configuration

  13. Expected Coverage • Current Coverage • CRW (Intelsat) at 133° W • CRE (Telesat) at 107.3° W • Expected Coverage with Third WAAS GEO Operational October 2010 • AMR (Inmarsat) at 98° W • Expected Coverage with POR • POR (Inmarsat at 178° E

  14. GNSS Enabled RNP and ADS-B *Operational requirements are defined for total system accuracy, which is dominated by fight technical error. Position accuracy for these operations is negligible. ** Containment for RNP AR is specified as a total system requirement; value representative of current approvals. Dependent Parallel Approach (DPA) Independent Parallel Approach (IPA) Surveillance Integrity Level (SIL) Navigation Integrity Category (NIC) Navigation Accuracy Category for Position (NACp)

  15. RNAV(GPS) Procedures “Basic RNP” As of June.3rd, 2010 - 2,126 LPVs serving 1126 Airports • 1284 LPVs to non-ILS Runways • 842 LPVs to ILS runways • LPVs at 520 Non-ILS Airports • 246 LPV-200

  16. Universal Navigation Systems (UNS) 1077 WAAS/SBAS-FMS receivers sold95 different aircraft types8 helicopter types/models

  17. Approved Pending Rockwell-Collins Acft LPV STCs 22 Aircraft types approved15 Aircraft types pending approval

  18. Honeywell/CMC Acft LPV STC’s • Approved STC’s: 2 acft types • Gulfstream G-450 • Gulfstream G-550 • Pending STC’s: 11 acft types • Gulfstream IV, V (projected fourth quarter 2010) • Falcon-900 EXC • Challenger CL-601 • Global-5000, Express (est. Aug 2011) • Hawker- 800 • Citation X • Cessna Sovereign • Dassault EASy • Viking

  19. Current Reference Networks • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS

  20. Improved Reference Networks • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS

  21. Reference Networks with GAGAN • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN

  22. Reference Networks with GAGAN and SDCM • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN • SDCM

  23. Current Coverage • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS

  24. Improved Single Frequency Coverage • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS

  25. Dual Frequency Coverage (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS) • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS

  26. Dual Frequency Coverage (with GAGAN) • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN

  27. Dual Frequency Coverage (with GAGAN + Russia) • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN • SDCM

  28. Expanded Networks • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN • SDCM

  29. Dual Frequency, Expanded Networks • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN • SDCM

  30. Dual Frequency + Second Constellation (Galileo) • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN • SDCM

  31. Dual Frequency, Dual GNSS, Expanded Networks • WAAS • EGNOS • MSAS • GAGAN • SDCM

  32. Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) • Precision Approach For CAT- I, II, III • Multiple Runway Coverage At An Airport • 3D RNP Procedures (RTA), CDAs • Navigation for Closely Spaced Parallels • Super Density Operations

  33. GBAS Pathway Forward • Cat-I System Design Approval at Memphis – Complete • Cat-III Validation by - 2010 • Cat-III Final Investment Decision by - 2012

  34. Agana, Guam LAAS/GBAS International Efforts Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Malaga, Spain Sydney, Australia Frankfurt, Germany Bremen, Germany

  35. 10th International GBAS Working GroupWhere did we come from and where are we going • Today • First FAA approved system - Honeywell SLS4000 (Sept 2009) • Proliferation of GBAS worldwide • Common understanding of importance of Ionosphere • Use of common tools – Pegasus • Increased exchange of information between nations (MoAs) • 60+ Airlines have ordered GBAS capable Boeing and Airbus aircraft • Current airlines GBAS equipped: • Continental, Delta Airlines, Qantas, Air Berlin, TuiFly, Sonair, Air Vanatu, Emirates • Over 15 countries have active GBAS programs Planned S-CAT I Installed

  36. GBAS in NextGen • GBAS is an Integral Part of NextGen • GBAS • GBAS supports the strategy to evolve towards a performance-based NAS by using a satellite based navigation system and onboard technologies. • CSPO • GBAS has the capability of providing selectable glide paths, displaced thresholds and providing the most accurate navigation to support all advancements in CSPO independent operations. • Wake Turbulence • GBAS can provide multiple approach procedures on a single runway with different glide slope angles reduction in separation by mitigating wake turbulence.

  37. CAT I Operational Implementation • Operational Implementation at Newark • GBAS implementation at Newark • Partnership with user and industry involvement • Continental began taking delivery of GBAS operational 737NG for EWR operations • Local RFI issues – FAA Spectrum investigating • GBAS implementation at Memphis • GBAS Memphis straight in approaches completed • Memphis system updates completed February 2010 • Potential for MEM system to be relocated to Houston • FedEx/MEM limited immediate use • Presently no definite GBAS equipage for B 757 fleet • Operations limited : only one B 727-200 and FAA flight test • Houston operational use • Additional airport to establish city pair for Continental operations • Houston has NextGen projects for CSPO and Wake Turbulence GLS RWY 29

  38. GBAS CAT II/III Technical Finalize CAT II/III standards (standards for user equipment/avionics) Prototyping and Validation Develop CAT II/III ground facility prototype to validate requirements and mitigate technical risk Develop avionics prototype to validate user equipment requirements CAT II/III Acquisition preparation Drafting required documents according to FAA Acquisition Management System (AMS) for CAT II/III acquisition decision Integrated program Plan Business Case Long-term GBAS: Single Frequency then Dual Frequency Approach Upgrade to Dual Frequency dependent on dual frequency (L1,L5) constellation

  39. GBAS Schedule FY09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 CAT I Non-Fed CAT III Standards MOPS RD/CONOPS SPEC CAT III Prototype Ground CAT III prototype avionics CAT III Acquisition Milestones Development/ implementation Dual Frequency R&D OPS Approval MEM/EWR MOPS CONOPS/RD Draft Spec Updated Spec GND prototype Avionics Prototype IID tbd IOC FID Development Implementation Dual Frequency R&D

  40. BOEING B 787 / B747-8 Orders (GBAS standard) B787 866 aircraft B747-8 108 aircraft Total974 aircraft

  41. AIRBUS A 380/A 350 Orders (GBAS optional) A 380-800 (60%GLS orders) 234 aircraft A 350 493 aircraft Total 724 aircraft

  42. Airbus GBAS Equipage A380-ActualMAY 2010 Total 16 GLS capable

  43. Summary • Single frequency coverage is good within the countries fielding SBAS • Dual frequency extends coverage outside reference networks & allows LPV operation in equatorial areas • Expanding networks into southern hemisphere could allow global coverage of land masses • Additional constellations allow even greater coverage with fewer stations

  44. Summary Cont’d • Complete CAT I operational implementation at Newark • Establish the Houston GBAS project • Continue work to support NextGen strategies • Prepare AMS documentation for acquisition decision • Finalize CAT III standards for user equipment and avionics • Develop CAT III ground facility prototype, CAT III avionics prototype to validate requirements and interoperability

  45. Questions

  46. Conclusions • Single frequency coverage is good within the countries fielding SBAS • Dual frequency extends coverage outside reference networks & allows LPV operation in equatorial areas • Expanding networks into southern hemisphere could allow global coverage of land masses • Additional constellations allow even greater coverage with fewer stations

  47. WAAS Transition Strategy Identify Activities and Work Efforts for remainder of WAAS Phase III (2009-2013) and Phase IV (2014 – 2028) Identify the Overall work scope for next 5 years Establish Workload Assignments (FAA and/or Vendor) Supports Start of Next Phase (IV) and L5 Planning Update Program Documentation Coordinate as needed with NextGen, ADS-B and Backup Navigation Activities Develop overarching Schedule with milestones and identification of key decision points

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