Africa – North and West

1. Africa – North and West Chapter 15, Sections 1 & 2

2. Section 1- North and Central African Societies • 1. What are some characteristics of a hunting-gathering society? • Small Groups • Somewhat nomadic – their food is not necessarily in the same place at all times • Few possessions, shelters tend to be temporary and limited • Rely on hunting and gathering for survival • They have some weapons – they are all designed to help the group survive.

3. Section 1- North and Central African Societies • 2. Why are written laws not necessary in these societies? • Each band or family makes its own rules • Arguments are settled through long discussions • Group members can leave if they don’t like it • Sharing is the norm – especially when talking about possessions and food

4. Section 1- North and Central African Societies • 3. What are some characteristics of a stateless society? • Society divided into lineages – group traces its collective ancestry to a common ancestor • Authority is balanced among the various lineages – families. No single group holds a majority of power. • Operate through sharing of ideas and possessions, and cooperation is how they assume that society will operate.

5. Section 1- North and Central African Societies • 4. What are some advantages of an age-set system? • Each member can help others to pass through the various stages of life – they can also help each other obtain the specific individual benchmarks of each stage. • Teach discipline, community service, and leadership all together

6. Section 1- North and Central African Societies • 5. What are some characteristics of a Muslim theocracy? • Islamic (Sharia) law is the basis of the legal code • Everyone, at least to some level, agrees that the basis of the Qu’ran is valid • Religious leaders function as governmental advisors • Islamic law regulates most areas of human life • See page 258

7. Section 1- North and Central African Societies • 6. How did Muslim law affect individual Islamic states? • Maintained many of their individual national characteristics • Made the laws of the various countries compatible – thereby increasing travel and trade • Helped the region unify and become prosperous

8. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations

9. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations

10. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations

11. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations

12. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations

13. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations

14. Section 2: West African Empires and Civilizations