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Operating Systems & Utility Programs

Chapter 7. Operating Systems & Utility Programs. Overview. Define System Software Identify the Types of Systems Software Describe Operating System Functions Summarize the PC Startup Process Identify Types of Operating Systems Explain the Purpose of Utilities. Systems Software.

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Operating Systems & Utility Programs

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  1. Chapter 7 Operating Systems & Utility Programs

  2. Overview • Define System Software • Identify the Types of Systems Software • Describe Operating System Functions • Summarize the PC Startup Process • Identify Types of Operating Systems • Explain the Purpose of Utilities

  3. Systems Software • Control Operation of Computer • Types • Operating System (OS) • Utilities

  4. Operating System • Set of Programs • Coordinates Hardware Resources • For All Computer Activities • Allows Use of Application Software • Cross-platform Applications • Identical on Multiple Operating Systems

  5. start computer manage programs provide user interface administer security manage memory control a network monitor performance establish communications schedule jobs & configure devices provide file management Operating System • Functions

  6. Booting • Starting / Restarting Computer • Cold Boot • Turning on Computer from Off State • Warm Boot • Restarting Computer that is Already On

  7. Booting • Mechanics

  8. Booting • Boot Drive • Drive From Which Computer Starts • Boot Disk • Contains System Files • Recovery Disk • Return System to Original Purchase State

  9. Modes • Sleep • Saves Open Docs / Programs to RAM • Turns Off All Unneeded Functions • Places Computer in a Low-power State • Hibernate • Saves Open Docs / Programs to Disk • Removes Power from Computer

  10. User Interface (UI) • Controls How Data is Entered • Determines How Information Displays • Command-line • Typed Commands • Graphical User Interface (GUI) • Uses Visuals Such as Icons & Menus • Represents: • Program • Instruction

  11. Program Management • Multitasking • Work on Multiple Applications at Once • Foreground • Active Application • Background • Programs that are Running in Memory • Not Currently in Use

  12. Program Management • Multiuser • Two or More Users • Run Same Program Simultaneously • Multiprocessing • Multiple CPUs Running at Same Time • Fault-tolerant • Duplicate Components • Hard Disk, Memory • Can Operate Even if Component Fails

  13. Memory Management • Optimizes the Use of RAM • Allocates Memory for Processing Data • Monitors Contents • Clears Memory When Not Required • Virtual Memory • Part of Hard Disk Functions as RAM • Thrashing

  14. Scheduling • Job • Operation the Processor Manages • Receiving Data from Input Device • Transfer Items Between Storage & Memory • Processing Instructions • Sending Information to Output Device • Adjusts Schedule Based on Job’s Priority

  15. Scheduling • Spooling • Send Print Jobs to Buffer • Instead of Directly to Printer • Print Jobs Line up in Queue

  16. Device Drivers • How to Communicate with Device • Each Device Requires its Own Driver • Plug and Play • OS Automatically Configures New Device • Recognizes When Installed

  17. Connectivity • Provides Means To Establish: • Internet Connections • Network Connections

  18. File Management • Windows Explorer (My Computer) • Tree Structure • Documents & Files • Folders & Subfolders • Paths • Maintenance • Copy, Move, Rename, Delete • Startup Folder • Temporary Files

  19. OS Categories

  20. Stand-alone • Complete OS that Works on: • Desktop Computers • Notebook Computers • Mobile Computing Devices • Market Share • Microsoft Windows 92% • Apple Macintosh 6% • Linux 1% NetMarketShare 4/12

  21. Stand-alone • Microsoft • Windows 7 • Apple • First Commercially Successful GUI • Mac OS X • Unix • Linux • Open-source Unix

  22. Server • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 • Unix • Linux • Solaris • Unix-like by Sun Microsystems • Novell Netware

  23. Embedded • Found on Small Devices • Resides on a ROM chip • Android • Blackberry • iPhone • Palm • Windows Mobile

  24. Utility Programs • Performs Maintenance-type Tasks

  25. Utility Programs • Backup / Restore • Uninstaller • Remove Main Program & Support Files • Disk Cleanup • Removes Unnecessary Files

  26. Utility Programs • Disk Defragmenter • Reorganizes Files • Faster Execution • File Compression • AKA Zipped Files • Shrinks Size of Files • Faster Communication

  27. Utility Programs • Image Viewer • Display, Copy, Print Graphics Files • Screen Saver • Shows Moving Image • If No Activity Occurs for Specified Time

  28. Utility Programs • Antivirus • Prevents, Detects, & Removes Viruses • Must be Updated Frequently • Spyware / Adware Remover • Detects & Deletes Spyware / Adware • Firewall • Detects Unauthorized Intrusions

  29. Utility Programs • Filters • Block Items from Being Displayed • Web • Anti-spam • Phishing • Pop-up Blockers • Computer Maintenance • Identify & Fix OS & Disk Problems • Some Continuously Monitor Computer

  30. Utility Programs • Media Player • View Images & Animation • Listen to Audio • Watch Video Files • CD/DVD Burning • Writes to Recordable / Rewriteable Disks

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