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Classification

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Classification

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    2. There are 13 billion known species of organisms This is only 5% of all organisms that ever lived!!!!! New organisms are still being found and identified

    7. King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup!

    8. What is Taxonomy? Taxon (plural, taxa) is a group of organisms at a particular level in a classification system Taxonomy the branch of biology that identifies and names groups Names usually describe characteristics no two kinds of organisms can have the same name and all names are given in Latin

    9. Common Names Don’t Work!

    10. Latin Names are Understood by all Taxonomists

    11. What is Taxonomy? Method of grouping organisms in a logical manner

    12. Logical Groups!

    13. Species Names The scientific name for an organism is comprised of the two-part binomial Binomial Nomenclature the first part is the genus, which is always Capitalized the second part is the specific epithet and is not capitalized the two words together are written in italics

    14. Figure 18.1 How Linnaeus named two species of oaks

    16. Figure 18.3 The hierarchical system used to classify an organism

    17. Kingdoms In the Beginning 2 Kingdom System: Plants, Animals Change on the way

    22. Phylogeny Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of an organism and its relationship to other species Study of How are things related. Group organisms based on historical evidence, Systematics is the study of and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees it also includes the naming and classifying of organisms

    24. How to Build a Family Tree Cladistics is the systematic approach that infers phylogeny according to similarities derived from a common ancestor derived characters are characters that are present in a group of organisms that arose from a common ancestor that lacked the character a clade is a group of organisms, related by descent, that share a derived character cladogram, a branching diagram that represents the phylogeny

    25. Cladogram Diagram showing how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feathers, hair, or scales

    26. Figure 18.5 A cladogram of vertebrate animals

    27. Making a cladogram Put a 1 in the space that describes a characteristic the organism has Put a 0 if the characteristic does not describe the organism

    29. Dichotomous Keys Choose a specimen Read the first description Does it describe the sample? YES- do what it says No- do what it says Repeat process until identity is known.

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