Evolution and Execution of Political Campaigns in the United States

2. Chapter 14The Campaign Process

3. Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Roots of Modern Political Campaigns LO 14.1: Trace the evolution of political campaigns in the United States. Assembling a Campaign Staff LO 14.2: Assess the role of candidates and their staff in the campaign process.

4. Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Raising Money LO 14.3: Evaluate the ways campaigns raise money. Reaching Voters LO 14.4: Identify the ways campaigns use the media to reach potential voters.

5. Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Toward Reform: The 2008 Presidential Election LO 14.5: Analyze the 2008 presidential campaign.

6. Roots of Modern Political CampaignsLO 14.1: Trace the evolution of political campaigns in the United States. Most electoral contests are similar in structure. Nomination campaign aimed at winning primary. General election campaign aimed at winning final race. To Learning Objectives

7. Who do candidates typically appeal to during a general election campaign? Party activists Members of all parties Members of the political elite The conservatives within the party The ideological center of the party To Learning Objectives LO 14.1

8. Who do candidates typically appeal to during a general election campaign? Party activists Members of all parties Members of the political elite The conservatives within the party The ideological center of the party To Learning Objectives LO 14.1

9. Assembling a Campaign StaffLO 14.2: Assess the role of candidates and their staff in the campaign process. A candidate, volunteers, campaign consultants, and a paid staff make up the campaign. Volunteers focus on canvassing and getting out the vote. The paid staff consists of campaign manager; finance chair; communications staff; press secretary. To Learning Objectives

10. While candidates running for presidential, senatorial, or gubernatorial offices have paid those running for state offices rely heavily on state campaign agencies. community funded campaign workers. state political parties. volunteers. the national parties. To Learning Objectives LO 14.2

11. While candidates running for presidential, senatorial, or gubernatorial offices have paid those running for state offices rely heavily on state campaign agencies. community funded campaign workers. state political parties. volunteers. the national parties. To Learning Objectives LO 14.2

12. Raising MoneyLO 14.3: Evaluate the ways campaigns raise money. Congress has long limited campaign contributions: 1907 Tillman prohibits corporations from making direct contributions to federal campaigns The Corrupt Practices Act, Hatch Act, Taft-Hartley Act; The Federal Election Campaign Act Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) Citizens United v. FEC, 2010 To Learning Objectives

13. Sources of Campaign Funding Individuals Political action committees(PACS) Member PACS Personal Savings Public Funds Soft Money groups: 527 political committees and 501(c) groups To Learning Objectives LO 14.3

14. _____ are donations from general tax revenues to the campaigns of qualifying presidential candidates. Matching funds Public funds PACs Member PACS Personal savings To Learning Objectives LO 14.3

15. _____ are donations from general tax revenues to the campaigns of qualifying presidential candidates. Matching funds Public funds PACs Member PACS Personal savings To Learning Objectives LO 14.3

16. Reaching VotersLO 14.4: Identify the ways campaigns use the media to reach potential voters. Traditional Media Strategies to control media coverage Hide the candidate Sound bites Spin Talk shows Candidate Debates To Learning Objectives

17. New Media 24 hour news cycle Celebrity robo-calls Web campaigns and YouTube To Learning Objectives LO 14.4

18. Campaign Advertisements Positive ad Negative ad Contrast ad Inoculation ad Fear ad To Learning Objectives LO 14.4

19. _________ ad compare the records and proposals of the candidates, showing the candidate sponsoring the ad in a more favorable light. Positive Negative Contrast Inoculation Fear To Learning Objectives LO 14.4

20. _________ ad compare the records and proposals of the candidates, showing the candidate sponsoring the ad in a more favorable light. Positive Negative Contrast Inoculation Fear To Learning Objectives LO 14.4

21. Toward Reform: The 2008 Presidential CampaignLO 14.5: Analyze the 2008 presidential campaign. Nomination campaigns: long and contentious. The party conventions: Democrats nominate Barack Obama and Joe Biden. Republicans nominate John McCain and Sarah Palin. The General Election Campaign Three presidential and one vice-presidential debate Election was close until the final weeks. Obama eventually won the popular vote, 53-46. To Learning Objectives

22. Election Results and Analysis Obama made gains in South and West. Highest voter turnout and biggest Democratic win since 1964. Obama’s choice not to use public financing helped him. African Americans and women were keys for Obama. To Learning Objectives LO 14.5

23. Obama’s win in 2008 was the largest Democratic win since _______. 1976 1964 1992 1932 1912 To Learning Objectives LO 14.6

24. Obama’s win in 2008 was the largest Democratic win since _______. 1976 1964 1992 1932 1912 To Learning Objectives LO 14.6

25. To Learning Objectives Figure 14.1: How is a campaign staff organized? Back

26. To Learning Objectives Table 14.1: What are the individual contribution limits under BCRA? Back

27. To Learning Objectives Figure 14.2: How do PACs allocate their campaign contributions? Back