Green Building Technologies for Sustainable Development JK.Prasad Chief-Building Materials,BMTPC

1. Green Building Technologies for Sustainable Development JK.Prasad Chief-Building Materials,BMTPC

2. What is a Green Building? • A building can be said to be ‘green’ or sustainable when conscious steps are taken during its construction and operation to keep natural resource depletion minimal.

3. What is a Green Building? A Green building is one which incorporates Green features, such as: - • Effective use of existing landscapes • Use of energy efficient and Eco-friendly equipment • Use of recycled and Environmental friendly Building materials • Quality indoor air quality for human safety and comfort • Efficient use of water • Use of Non-Toxic & recycled materials • Use of renewable energy • Effective controls and building management system *

4. Aim of the Green Building • The aim of the green building design is to • minimize demand on non-renewable resources; • maximize utilization efficiency; and • maximize reuse, recycling, and use of renewable resources. • A green building is evolved through a design process that requires all the concerned professionals – • the architect; • the landscape designer; and • the air conditioning, electrical, plumbing, and energy consultants – to work as a team that carefully considers all aspects of the building and associated systems.

5. Liabilities to the Environment • A green building’s liabilities to the environment are minimized by the • use of efficient building materials and construction practices; • the utilization of on-site sources and sinks by bio-climatic architectural practices; and • the deployment of efficient equipment and management practices to meet its lighting, heating, cooling, water, and other needs.

6. Integrated Approach for Green Buildings • A green building is one, which encompasses the use of clean energy, renewable energy, efficient use of water, use of recycled or recyclable materials and provide healthy indoor air quality. • It has to be designed, built, renovated, operated, or reused in an ecological and resource efficient manner. • Green buildings are designed to meet certain objectives such as protecting occupants health; improving employee productivity; using energy, water and other resources more efficiently; and reducing the overall impact to the environment.

7. Integrated Approach for Green Buildings…contd. An integrated approach to building design, at initial stage itself, is followed which involves judicious use of application of: • Efficient Green Materials and construction practices. • Bio-climatic/ solar passive architectural principles. • Efficient systems and equipments • Renewable sources of energy. • Efficient waste and water management practices.

8. Present Status • Although there have been recently a few limited efforts to promote energy conscious architecture by developing energy related building codes and building rating systems, the focus so far has been on particular types of commercial buildings. • Further, the rating systems are primarily based on theoretical benchmarks, which do not give an accurate idea of the potential for energy and resource conservation, and therefore cannot promote sustainable habitat design practice in tune with best local potential

9. The Gap • Increasing urbanization, in absence of guidelines and mandatory provisions, has forced an approach to habitat design which does not include environmental concerns and energy efficiency as the prime goals (these are only weakly addressed by the prevalent norms).

10. The Need • Habitat design, in this situation, requires establishing energy- environment favourable approaches through: • Pilots and examples • Education and training of professionals • Development of resource consumption norms (benchmarking)

11. Overall Goal • Energy efficiency • Reduced or rationalized cost • Reduced pollution, hence reduced environmental impact • Better indoor environment quality • Better security of resources (primarily biomass, minerals, water, energy)

12. SCOPE The scope of these initiatives ranges from community scale assessments to regional assessments, sectoral indicator systems or global reporting programs. The key areas include: • Resource Conservation • Environmental Services and Public Health • Transportation • Open Space and Land Use • Housing • Community Education and Civic Participation

13. Waste generation; Water use; Energy use; Renewable Energy use; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Sustainable Procurement; Wastewater (sewage); Vehicle miles traveled; Air Quality; Hazardous materials uses; Toxic air contaminant releases; Urban Runoff Reduction; Organic Produce; Use of sustainable transportation options; Economic Diversity; Land Use and Development; Green Housing; Basic community needs. Example Indicators

14. Green Building Features • The concept of Green Buildings is in an infant stage. The development of Green buildings in India will have to be a combination of locally available materials and economically viable technologies. • Some of the typical ideas applicable in the Indian context are:

15. Green Building Features…contd. Building Materials • Fly ash cement and Fly ash bricks for construction • Steel salvaged from old buildings • Recycled glass & ceramics for tiles and sanitary ware , • building products from recycled demolition wastes • Harvested or recycled wood from old buildings • Recycled glass for windows & doors • Non-Toxic and Environment friendly Paints • Emerging Technologies such as GFRP system,Ploysryrene Core panel system,light gauge cold form system

16. Green Building Features…contd. Electrical equipment • Energy efficient amorphous core transformer. Alternatively environmentally friendly Dry type transformer with On-load Voltage correction facility. • Oil free environmentally friendly Vacuum circuit breakers / Air circuit breakers • As far as possible, copper bus bars with minimum bends and joints • Flameproof copper cables for power distribution. • Automatic power factor correction relay for power factor correction (APFCR).

17. Green Building Features…contd. Lighting Feeder • Dedicated lighting feeder/transformer with on-line voltage correction facility • Maximum utilisation of natural light during daytime. • Energy efficient light fittings and accessories. • Limit switch / key tag system for lighting control, wherever there is no occupancy • Energy efficient High Pressure Sodium Vapour (HPSV) lamps for street and outdoor lighting. • Solar photovoltaic cells for building lighting, Telephone booths, etc.,

18. Green Building Features…contd. Air Conditioning • Energy efficient screw chiller compressor with a built-in variable frequency drive. • Non-CFC Refrigerant for refrigeration system • Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) for chiller pumps, condenser water pumps and AHU fans for energy saving. • Temperature Indicating Controller (TIC)/ VFD for cooling tower fans, Alternatively, Natural Draft Cooling towers can also be used. • FRP Blades for cooling tower fans • Double-glazed glasses in air-conditioning environment to minimize heat gain. • Provide for Green wall and green roofing • Insulation of exposed roofs to minimize heat gain. • High efficiency pumps and motors

19. Green Building Features…contd. Building Management System (BMS) • Computerized Building Management System (BMS) to help in monitoring & controlling electrical energy and water consumption. • Automatic Temperature sensors & controllers to maintain the required temperature. • Movement sensors for rooms to control the lighting and air conditioning load. • Automatic controls for water taps. • Fire fighting & fire alarm systems to avoid fire hazardous.f) Generator set • Soundproof enclosure for the Generator room to control sound pollution.g) Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) • Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) for computers and telephone system, coupled with battery less • DC motor. i) White Goods • Energy efficient and environmental friendly white goods viz., Refrigerator, water cooler, etc.,

20. Some Indian initiatives for Green Building Technologies • TERI's Green Building Rating System (TERI-GRIHA) • Eco Housing Programme - Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) • CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre (GBC) in Hyderabad • Indian Green Building Council

21. TERI-GRIHA • TERI-GRIHA (TERI-Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) is a tool for measuring and rating a building’s environmental performance in the context of India’s varied climate and building practices.

22. TERI-GRIHA…contd. • The primary objective of the rating system is to help design green buildings and, in turn, help evaluate the ‘greenness’ of buildings. • The rating system follows best practices along with national/international codes that are applicable to achieve the intent of sustainable architecture and building design.

23. TERI-GRIHA…contd. • Evaluates the environmental performance of the ‘whole building’ over its life cycle, thereby providing a definitive standard for what constitutes a ‘green building’. • The rating system is based on accepted energy and environmental principles, and strikes a balance between established practices and emerging concepts, both national and international.

24. TERI-GRIHA…contd. – Benefits of a Green Design • Reduced energy consumption without sacrificing comfort levels • Reduced depletion of natural habitats and biodiversity • Reduced air and water pollution with direct health benefits • Reduced water consumption • Limited waste generation due to recycling and reuse • Reduced pollution loads • Increased user productivity • Enhanced image and marketability

25. Eco Housing Programme - Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) • The Eco-housing program launched by Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) promotes the adoption of environmentally friendly practices, energy efficient products, and techniques by the construction industry

26. Eco Housing Programme …contd. • Applicable to the housing sector, the Ecohousing voluntary rating and certification mechanism help in quantifying the environmental performance of residential projects and provide a meaningful differentiation of buildings in the marketplace.

27. Eco Housing Programme …contd.

28. Eco Housing Programme …contd.

29. Eco Housing Programme …contd. Benefits to Stakeholders To home-owners • Reduced electricity and water charges • Reduced monthly maintenance charges • Higher life-cycle for plumbing and electrical equipment To municipal corporations/utilities • Reduced costs of water supply and electricity subsidies • Reduced expenses on sewage treatment and sold waste management To home-financing institutions • Ability to recover more (increase in net disposable income for home-owners) • Additional branding of mortgage products • Higher life-cycle of housing financed – beneficial in re-financing • Meet Corporate Social Responsibility

30. Eco Housing Programme …contd.

31. CII-Godrej Green Business Centre • CII – Godrej GBC is the “Centre of Excellence” for Energy, Environment & Recycling, Green Buildings, Renewable Energy and Climate change activities in India.

32. CII-Godrej GBC…contd. • The centre sensitises key stakeholders to embrace green practices and facilitates market transformation, paving way for India to become one of the global leaders in green businesses by 2015. • The centre is housed in a green building which received the prestigious LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum rating in 2003. This was the first Platinum rated green building outside of U.S.A and the third in the world.

33. CII-Godrej GBC…contd. – Range of Services • Technology Centre • Green Business Certification • Green Audits • Social Audits • Information Centre • Incubation

34. Indian Green Building Council Vision of IGBC • To usher in a green building movement and facilitate in India emerging as one of the world leaders in green buildings by 2010.

35. IGBC Green Homes • IGBC Green Homes Rating System is a voluntary and consensus based programme. • The rating system has been developed based on materials and technologies that are presently available. • The objective of IGBC Green Homes is to facilitate the creation of energy efficient, water efficient, healthy, comfortable and environmentally friendly houses.

36. Conclusion and Recommendations…contd. Based on the Global Plan of Action of the Habitat Agenda guidelines, actions are required to be formulated at national and state level on the following: • Promotion of locally available, appropriate, affordable, safe, efficient and environmentally sound construction methods and technologies. • Promotion of more energy efficient technology and alternative/renewable energy for human settlements, and reducing the negative impacts of the energy production and use on human health and on the environment. • Institutional support: Institutional support should be provided in from of standards and quality control, with particular attention to energy efficiency, consumer safety and protection. • States can also provide tax incentives to promote green buildings. A green building credit can be awarded to tax payers who construct a building that meets certain requirements. The amount of tax credit awarded for a green building may be proportional to the size of the building and the extent that the building is green.

37. Conclusion and Recommendations…contd. • Research and Development: Need to intensify and support research efforts to find substitutes for or optimize the use of non-renewable resources and to reduce their polluting effects, with special attention to recycling, reuse of waste materials and increased reforestation. • Exchange of information: Promotion of information exchange and the flow of appropriate environmentally sound, affordable and assessable building technologies and facilitate the transfer of technology. • Regulatory Measures: Encouragement and promotion of the application of low-energy, environmentally sound and safer manufacturing technologies backed by appropriate norms and effective regulatory measures.

38. Thank you for your kind attention