Government Initiatives for Web Accessibility in the Republic of Korea - ASEAN-ITU Seminar

1. ASEAN-ITU Seminar on ICT Accessibility and Assistive Technologies for Equity in Society Government Efforts to Improve Web Accessibility in Republic of Korea 25 August 2014 Bangkok, Thailand Prof. Sukil Kim Chungbuk National University

2. Contents • Introduction • Role Model of Government • Legal System • Standardization • Activities for Web Accessibility • R&D and Distribution of AT • Resources • Man Power • Concluding Remarks

3. Ⅰ. Introduction • Korea can be a successful practice in Web accessibility improvement policy. Digital Divide Factors – ICT infra NIA Web-Accessibility Survey – Scores

4. Ⅰ. Introduction • Brief Progress • Before 1998: Morning Calm– Beginning period • Study Group was organized in university level, and • Introduced W3C Standardization efforts • 1998~ 2008: Hot 10 Years – Dramatic improvement • Leading by KADO (Government), • Collaboration with Universities & Industries • After 2008: New Era– Stationary period • Industries have grown up: 3 WA mark agencies. • Gov’t controls WA mark quality. • Organized experts for consulting web accessibility

5. Ⅰ. Introduction Information Culture Center(ICC) Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and Promotion(KADO) National Information Society Agency Korea Digital Divide Act Korea DDA NationalInformatization Act Revision M-App Access. Survey MAAG 1.0 Nat’l Cert. NIA Web Accessibility Certification Nationwide Annual Web Accessibility Survey Web Accessibility Promotion, Education KWCAG 1.0, NCS KWCAG 2.0, NCS KWCAG 2.1, TTA WCAG 1.0 WCAG 2.0 KADO-WAH 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 NVDA, Korea MS DOS based SR Web Eye Series Sense Reader, Xvision Technology

6. Ⅱ. Role Model of Government • Strong Legal Support • Standardization • Annual Survey of Web Accessibility • R&D and Distribution of AT Products, WA Tools • Resources • Man Power

7. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Strong Legal Support • Strong Legal Support ※ source : G3ict, Web Accessibility Policy Making, 2012

8. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Strong Legal Support • MajorLaws : • Welfare Law for Persons with Disabilities(April 11, 2007) • Article 8 (Prevention of discrimination) • Article 22 (Access to information) • Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for Persons with Disabilities Act (April 11, 2008) • Article 21 (Duty to provide legitimate accommodation in relation to telecommunication and communication) • Enforcement Decree Article14 (Scope of phased provision of reasonable convenience and content of such convenience in information telecommunication and communication) • Specifies ‘Web Content’ as a target, and • Is induced to comply with KWCAG gradually over 5 years. • Article 50 (Fine) : ≤30,000USD • National Informatization Act(May 22, 2009) • Article 32 (Guarantee of accessing and using information by persons with disabilities, aged citizens, etc.) • Introduces operation of ‘Web Accessibility Quality’ mark

9. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Strong Legal Support • Web Accessibility Quality Mark System • In 2007, NIA introduced ‘WA mark’ to promote best practice websites that fully comply with KWCAG Std. • This is one of the most successful means of policy. NIA’s WA Mark Applications vs Certifications 48.1% 66.3% 42.0% 45.2% 16.4% 35.0% 37.5% ※ Central Gov’t: 141/ Local Gov’t: 280/ Public Org.: 995/ Private Org.:14 websites • New system introduced in Nov 23, 2013 according to revised NI Act. • Terminates NIA’s WA mark process, and • Outsources to 3 WA Mark issuers selected through a contest.

10. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Strong Legal Support • Web Accessibility Quality Mark System • National Informatization act (Amendments: May 22 2013, Enforced: Nov 23 2013) : Article 32∮ 2~5 • Article 32 ∮ 2 (Approvement of issuers) • Article 32 ∮ 3 (Cancellation of issuers) • Article 32 ∮ 4 (Useof quality mark) • Article 32 ∮ 5 (Cancellation of quality marker) • 3 Issuers: • Web Watch Co.: http://www.webwatch.or.kr • KWACC (Korea Blind Union): http://www.kwacc.or.kr • IWAC (KFOD): http://www.wa.or.kr/

11. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Standardization • Standardization • Since 2002, WA experts had simulated all WCAG 1.0 requirements as candidates of KWCAG 1.0. • In 2004, TTA-KWCAG 1.0 was developed, and • In 2005, KCS-KWCAG 1.0 was accepted as 1st National STD. • In 2009, KWCAG 1.0 Technical Guidebook was published, and • Freely distributed the guidebook to public. • In 2009, TTA-KWCAG 2.0 was developed, and • In 2010, KCS-KWCAG 2.0 was accepted as revision of National STD • In 2011, KWCAG 1.0 Technical Guidebook was revised and distributed. • In 2013, TTA-KWCAG 2.1 was developed, mainly focused on mobile web

12. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Standardization • National Standards • KWCAG 1.0 (Korean web content accessibility guidelines1.0) • Established in Dec 21, 2005 • 4principles, 14guidelines, 65requirements • KWCAG 1.0 Technical Guidebook • Released in March 17, 2009 • Collection of how to design accessible websites according to KWCAG 1.0 • 3 Key Ideas for Standardization: • By thoroughevaluation of every requirement WCAG 1.0, crucial requirements were carefully selected to be KWCAG 1.0. • Built ‘smart WA scoring system,’ in which a score of a requirement is adjusted according to the awareness of the requirement. • WA score is reflected in governmental evaluation (ICT factor) of the organization.

13. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Standardization • Smart WA Scoring System ※ 2013 version

14. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Standardization • ICT Accessibility Standards ※ Several Korean Industrial Standard (KS) are maintained, but KCS & KS will be merged into Korean Standard soon.

15. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Annual WA Survey • Annual WA Survey • Overview • Since 2005, NIA evaluate national web accessibility factor in order to • Find trend of WA compliance. • Applied NCS Version • KWCAG 1.0: ~2010 / KWCAG 2.0: 2011~ • Results: Annual WA Survey – Avg. Scores/No. of Sites KWCAG 1.0 KWCAG 2.0 STD: ※ In 2011, Avg. WA scores are lowered due to - new KWCAG 2.0 standard & - expansion of samples according to Anti-Discrimination Act

16. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Annual WA Survey • Annual WA Survey Responsible Sectors Central Gov’t/ Local Gov’t Special Education Schools/ Day care center for young children with disabilities/ General Hospitals/ Social Welfare Organizations / Residential Facilities for Persons with Disabilities Annual WA Survey – Scores of Every Sector Public Libraries/Public Museum/ Art Gallery/ Organizations for Arts, Cultures & Physical Activities Elementary, Middle, High Schools/ Universities/ Clinics, Dental Clinics, Korean Traditional Hospital Movie Theater (>300)/ Other Theaters & Concert Halls, etc. (>1,000) Private Kindergartens/ Research Fac. All Corporate Bodies

17. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - R&D, Distribution of AT • R&D Funding for AT • NIA supports $300,000/year to 2~4 AT industries. • S & M Business Administration also supports R&D funds to industries. • Distribution of AT Products • NIA distributes 4,000 AT products a year. • Consumers w. disabilities can buy an AT product for 20% of the regular price. Government supports up to 80% of the price.

18. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - R&D, Distribution of AT • R&D Funding for AT • Since 2004, NIA has developed32 AT products. • AT industries has exported 10,398 AT products ($4.6m) to USA, Japan and other countries. <AT Products – R&D>

19. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - R&D, Distribution of AT • Distribution of AT • Since 2003, NIA has distributed 41,791 products (including S/W). <AT Products – Distribution>

20. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - R&D, Distribution of AT • Development & Distribution of WA Evaluation S/W • NIA developed K-WAH, that is simple, automatic WA evaluation S/W. • WA Mark Issuers request self checking score of website before applying WA Mark Certification. • Currently, K-WAH ver. 4.4 is available, and • Freely downloadable from ‘WA Lab’ site: http://www.wah.or.kr/Achive/Kadowah.asp No. of Downloads – K-WAH 4.0 (2013~)

21. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - R&D, Distribution of AT • K-WAH 4.4 • Evaluates 6 Requirements: • Existence of Alternative Text for Images • Existence of Title of web pages • Existence of Page Language Definition • Notification of New Pages Open • Existence of Labels for All Interactive UI Elements • Correctness of Markup Grammars (HTML 4.0, XHTML 1.1, HTML5) K-WAH 3.0, revised version in 2010 K-WAH 4.4, revised version in 2012

22. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Resources • Resources • NIA is full charge of WA promotions: • Education on web accessibility • Seminars, International & Local • Training Experts: • Cultivates WA Supporters • Online WA Consultingthrough ‘WA Lab, NIA’ & ‘Google Groups’

23. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Resources • Training WA Experts • Free training to public in order to increase awareness on WA. • Since 2005, 18,763people have completed WA training courses. No. of People - WA Training Course Completed

24. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Resources • Workshops/Seminars • NIA organizes biannual WA seminar & workshop in order to Introduce up-to-date technologies, best practices, standards, legal systems, etc. • Since 2004, NIA has organized 22seminars. • Usually, 439 participants attend in a seminar for the past 5 years. ※ Speakers include Judy Brewer (W3C WAI Chair), Bonnie Kearney (Microsoft’s Chief of Acc. Tech.),T. V. Raman (Google’sAccessibility Specialist), and etc.

25. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Resources • Web Accessibility Lab, NIA Site • WA Portal, that provides • Resources, such as standards, state-of-art technologies, Training and Seminar Schedules and etc., • Online Q&A service, • Download service of K-WAH 4, an automated WA evaluation software, etc. No. of Accum. Visitors – WA Lab, NIA

26. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Man Power • Man Power • For 10 years, NIA did not change senior officers who are in charge of WA promotions. • Consistently trains WA experts and specialists until public sector can train their own engineers. • NIA gives trainees a chance to work as an expert. • Maintains human networks with the disabilities.

27. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Man Power • WA Supporters • NIA organizes groups of WA supporter, that provide free consulting and inspection services to less developed sectors which experience technical and financial difficulties, such as small shops, public organizations, welfare centers, etc. • NIA has trained 213 WA supporters, that consult 5,000 times in 2 years. <WA Supporters Trained > <Annual Consult. & Insp. Services>

28. Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Man Power • Organizing Expert Group • NIA organizes ‘WA experts’ to provide online Q&A services to public. • Anybody can ask WA experts for help about technical difficulties. • Online Q&A through WA Lab, NIA: • URL : http://www.wah.or.kr/Consulting/introduce.asp <No. of Q&As since 2008>

29. Ⅲ. Concluding Remarks • Korea is one of best practices • Government’s key role is to prepare legal system for WA. • Standardization strategy shall also concern the ability of the society. • Continuous efforts, such as training, consulting and other promotionsmust be provided until public sectors can stand alone. • Enthusiasm of officers and staffs is invisible, but very important!! • We are ready to share experiences with ASEAN countries.

30. Ⅲ. Concluding Remarks • Contact Point: • Mr. Gregory Pokorny: g_pokorny@nia.or.kr • IT Assistance Program: http://eng.nia.or.kr/english/eng_nia.asp

31. Thank you