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Energy Expenditure During Rest,Walking, Running, and Swimming. Chapter 9 &10. Gross & Net Energy Expenditure. Gross expenditure is the total for the entire body mass Net is the Gross minus the RMR Net = Gross - RMR. Factors Affecting Aerobic Performance. VO 2 max Anaerobic Threshold
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Energy Expenditure During Rest,Walking, Running, and Swimming Chapter 9 &10
Gross & Net Energy Expenditure • Gross expenditure is the total for the entire body mass • Net is the Gross minus the RMR Net = Gross - RMR
Factors Affecting Aerobic Performance • VO2max • Anaerobic Threshold • Movement Economy • Muscle Fiber Types • Mechanical Efficiency
Stride Length & Frequency and Speed • Increasing Running Speed • Increase in stride length • Increase in stride frequency • Increase in both length and frequency • Running speed increased mainly by lengthening the stride. • Only at faster speeds does stride frequency become important
Running Economy in Kids • Kids require 20-30% more energy to run at same speed compared to adults. • Decreased economy due to: • Increased surface area to mass ratio • Shorter stride lengths • Poor running mechanics
Energy Cost of Swimming • High ability swimmers have low energy cost of swimming • Water temp effects energy cost • Women have 30% lower energy cost