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JAPAN’s GV Strategy and Plans for GPM

JAPAN’s GV Strategy and Plans for GPM. K. Nakamura (Nagoya Univ.) R. Oki (JAXA), M. Kojima (JAXA), and T. Iguchi (NICT). EO Roadmap - Approach -. Goals to achieve by prioritization （１） to establish a frequent ・ continuous observation system through int’l cooperation.

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JAPAN’s GV Strategy and Plans for GPM

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  1. JAPAN’s GV Strategy and Plans for GPM K. Nakamura (Nagoya Univ.) R. Oki (JAXA), M. Kojima (JAXA), and T. Iguchi (NICT)

  2. EO Roadmap- Approach - Goals to achieve by prioritization （１）to establish a frequent・continuous observation system through int’l cooperation. （２）to use satellite data for the following purposes 　－int’l treaty verification, environmental policy, weather forecasting 　－contribution to improving quality of people’s life • Global Warming Monitoring Program • prioritizing on “global warming “ which has urgency and necessity • ①Greenhouse gas observation mission (observation of materials which causes the global warming) • ②Water cycle observation mission (observation of primary effect of the • global warming) • ③Climate change observation mission （long-term continuous observation of effects of global warming)

  3. Objectives ①Global water cycle understanding and prediction ②Short-term weather forecast, disaster (heavy rain, typhoon, flood/drought) warning Global, hourly observation of vapor and rain and near-real time delivery of data Water Cycle Study and Prediction Observation・prediction of Rainfall and vapor Observation accuracy improvement Advancement of high frequency Observation of Global rainfall, snowfall And vapor every 3h、0.1mm/h Weather forecast improvement（JMA） Contribution to ＷＳＳＤ IP（MLIT） High frequency observation of Global rainfall and snowfall Every 3hours、0.2mm/h <GPM> Observation of tropical rainfall <TRMM> Every 2days、0.5mm/h Continuous obsrevation for Continuous understanding Observation of Rainfall over ocean <AMSR-E, ADEOS-II> Every day、0.5mm/h WSSD Implementation Plan WSSD Implementation Plan Observation of soil moisture, snow and ice, land surface Improved accuracy of Snow&ice, soil moisture SST, land cover Snow&ice, soil moisture SST, land cover Weather forecast, application research by seasonal forecast（JMA、FRSGC） Snow&ice, SST, Land cover (surface) <AMSR-E, ADEOS-II, ALOS> • Study on new parameter estimation 2002 2010 2020 Year

  4. EO Satellite Road Map Measuring land & sea surface ALOS PRISM（Optical triplet mode, High resolution sensor； Global mapping）：2．5m PALSAR（L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar； Land information, Disaster monitoring）：10m AVNIR-2（Visible & Near Infrared Radiometer： Disaster monitoring etc.）：10m ALOS F/O Geostationary high res optical sensor： 10m High resolution optical sensor：0.5m Multiple polarization・ Multiple wavelength SAR： 3m To Operational Land Observations To continuous Global Climate Change Observations GCOM-B1 SGLI： Visible Land Infrared Imager AMSR F/O： Microwave radiometer Green House Gas Monitoring Global Climate Change Monitoring GCOM-A1 SOFIS： Infrared Fourier Interferometer OPUS： Ultraviolet spectrometer ADEOS-II ILAS-II： Infrared spectrometer GLI：Visible & Infrared Imager AMSR： Microwave Radiometer To continuous GHG Observations Global Water Cycle Observation GPM DPR： Dual Frequency Precipitation Radar To continuous Water Cycle Observations TRMM Precipitation Radar： 5Km, Rain rate： 0.7mm/h TMI Microwave Radiometer： （NASA） EarthCARE CPR：Cloud Profile Radar FTS: Fourier Transform Spectrometer etc. 2002～2006 2007～2011 2012～2017 Global monitoring of the Earth’s environment

  5. GPM TRMM Aqua NASDA:Develop AMSR-E NASA:Develop & launch the satellite INPE:develop HSB NASA:Develop the main satellite Japan: DPR ESA and other agencies:Small satellite ADEOS-II NASA:Develop the satellite Japan: Develop PR sensor & launch NASDA: Develop the satellite, GLI, & AMSR MOE: ILAS-II NASA: SeaWinds CNES:POLDER INITIATIVE OF NASDA NASDA provides satellites data for water cycle research CEOP(Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period) For global water cycle research from 2001 to 2005

  6. OBJECTIVE: Understand the Horizontal and Vertical Structure of Rainfall and Its Microphysical Element. Provide Training for Constellation Radiometers. OBJECTIVE: Provide Enough Sampling to Reduce Uncertainty in Short-term Rainfall Accumulations. Extend Scientific and Societal Applications. GPM Reference Concept • Core Satellite • Dual-frequency Precipitaion Radar (JAXA and NiCT) • Multi-frequency Radiometer (NASA) • H2-A Launch (TBD) • TRMM-like Spacecraft • Non-Sun Synchronous Orbit • ~65° Inclination • ~407 km Altitude • ~5 km Horizontal Resolution • 250 m / 500m Vertical Resolution • Constellation Satellites • Small Satellites with Microwave Radiometers • Aggregate Revisit Time, 3 Hour goal • Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbits • 500~900 km Altitude • Global Precipitation Processing Center • Capable of Producing Global Precipitation Data Products as Defined by GPM Partners • Precipitation Validation Sites • Global Ground Based Rain Measurement

  7. Sep. 22, 2005 update GPM/DPR development schedule DRR#1 DRR#2 PRR Reviews in JAXA PDR(DPR) PQR/PSR CDR PDR(KaPR) Launch Critical Design Normal Operation Prelimi-naryDesign Sustaining Design Conceptual Design Init.C/O Component Experiment BBM S/C-system Support EM PFM (KuPR) Launch Operation (NASA/JAXA) PFT STM (KuPR,KaPR) BBM (NICT) EM (NICT) PFM(KaPR) Ka Concept Design 18 months KaPR Preliminary Design Init Oper Cal/Val OperTrain Integration & MST Ground System Investigation Ground System Design & Fabrication Algorithm Examination Algorithm Test/Improvement, Application and Validation Algorithm Development Algorithm Examination RA RA RI RI Research and Utilization Investigation Critical Design Install & Test Conceptual Design (GSFC) FM Fabrication & Assembly Preliminary Design PDR CDR PQR/PSR PRR: Project Readiness Review, DRR: Development Readiness Review, PDR: Preliminary Design Review, CDR: Critical Design Review, PFT: Proto Flight Test, PQR: Post Qualification-test Review, PSR: Pre-Shipment Review, MST: Mission Simulation Test

  8. Main objective of GPM • To establish accurate and frequent • global precipitation observation system Basic Mission Requirements of GPM • To observe the global precipitation • To accurately measure the precipitation • To frequently measure the precipitation

  9. Design of the GPM Core Satellite and the DPR GMI JAXA and NiCT (Japan) : DPR (KuPR and KaPR), Launcher NASA (US) : Spacecraft, GMI KuPR KaPR Basic design of KuPR and KaPR is the almost same as TRMM PR. (Spacecraft design by NASA/GSFC)

  10. Range resolution = 250m and 500m KuPR (13.6GHz) swath width=245 km KaPR (35.5 GHz) swath width=120 km 5km Concept of precipitation measurement by the GPM core satellite Flight direction Dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) consists of • Ku-band (13.6GHz) radar : KuPR and • Ka-band (35.5GHz) radar : KaPR 407 km altitude, 65 deg inclination GMI DPR 49 38 37 49 13 1 1 12 KaPR: 120 km (24 beams) KuPR: 245 km (49 beams) Microwave radiometer swath width=800km

  11. Main Characteristics of DPR * Minimum detectable rainfall rate is defined by Ze=200 R1.6 (TRMM/PR: Ze=372.4 R1.54 )

  12. Current Status of the DPR Development • DPR is currently being developed by JAXA and NiCT. The conceptual design work has almost completed. • JAXA constructed and examined the KuPR T/R Unit (Bread Board Model: BBM). We justified the conceptual design and confirmed the possibility of the T/R Unit. • NiCT has almost completed to fabricate and is currently examining the KaPR T/R Unit (Engineering Model: EM). T/R Unit BBM of KuPR

  13. KuPR system block diagram ・・・・ ・・・・ ・・・・ ・・・・ S/C power subsystem Harness Structure Thermal control 127 SSPA PHS LNA ：： 128 LNA SSPA PHS Antenna subsystem T/R module TX/RX subsystem 001 001 01 SSPA PHS 8 Div/comb Waveguide slot antenna LNA ・　・　・ ：： 008 LNA 16 Div/comb 008 SSPA PHS T/R unit Waveguide slot antenna ：　：　：　：　：　：　：　：　： System Control and Data Processing ：　：　：　：　：　：　：　： HYB ＴＤＡ Frequency Converter and IF Telemetry command ・　・　・　・ ＴＤＡ System Control and Data Processing HYB BPF RＤＡ Frequency Converter and IF Telemetry command BPF RＤＡ 16 121 Waveguide slot antenna ・　・　・ Signal Processing Subsystem CPS SW 128 CPS 8 Div/comb Waveguide slot antenna

  14. GPM status in Japan • GPM is ranked among future missions in the Roadmap of EO scenario for the new space agency. • Phase B study from JFY 03 was approved by SAC (MEXT) on Nov. 27. Though Ministry of Finance did not approve GPM study as phase B officially, budget and personnel requests were accepted as requested by MEXT. Not an established project, but “quasi-project” in EORC/JAXA. • GPM science team was established in August 2003. • Preliminary evaluation has successfully passed in NASDA (JAXA) in the last August. Next one will be in February/March 2004. • GCOM-B1: need feasibility study for less constellation satellite case. • Building up International framework is a matter of great urgency for us to request next phase-up and budget by May/June time frame. • The 3rd GPM workshop was at ESTEC in June 2003. • GPM GV workshop was held in UK in November 2003. • Asia GPM workshop was held in February in 2004.

  15. GPM Planning Workshop will be held in Tokyo for 7-9 November • GPM science team • Algorithm development • GSMaP led by Prof. K. Okamoto • DPR algorithms • High resolution non-hydrostatic atmospheric model • Earth Simulator

  16. Global modelling study Global Cloud Resolving Model: NICAM (Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model) Satoh,M., Tomita,H., Nasuno,T., Iga,S.-I., Miura,H. (Frontier Research System for Global Change) • Use of the Earth Simulator • Δx=3.5km grid interval using the icosahedral grid • Nonhydrostatic model with explicit cloud physics The Earth Simulator Icosahdral grid

  17. glevel-1 glevel-2 glevel-4 glevel-3

  18. Lifecycle experiment of baroclinic waves • Results at day 10 • Temperature & velocity fields at z=180m Glevel-6 :120km Glevel-8 :30km Glevel-11 :3.5km

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